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The Effect Of Muscle Electrical Stimulation Patterns Computed Using A Forward Dynamic Simulation On Endurance And Metabolic Response In Spinal Cord Injured Subjects During Recumbent Pedaling
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Book Synopsis The Effect of Muscle Electrical Stimulation Patterns Computed Using a Forward Dynamic Simulation on Endurance and Metabolic Response in Spinal Cord Injured Subjects During Recumbent Pedaling by : Nils Alexander Hakansson
Download or read book The Effect of Muscle Electrical Stimulation Patterns Computed Using a Forward Dynamic Simulation on Endurance and Metabolic Response in Spinal Cord Injured Subjects During Recumbent Pedaling written by Nils Alexander Hakansson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Application of Estimation and Control Techniques in 2 Modes of Exercise for the Spinal Cord Injured by : Andrew Pennycott
Download or read book The Application of Estimation and Control Techniques in 2 Modes of Exercise for the Spinal Cord Injured written by Andrew Pennycott and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Current Amplitude and Pulse Duration Modulation on Neuromuscular Fatigue During Repetitive Electrical Stimulation by : Woohyoung Jeon
Download or read book Effects of Current Amplitude and Pulse Duration Modulation on Neuromuscular Fatigue During Repetitive Electrical Stimulation written by Woohyoung Jeon and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has been used to enhance function and prevent muscle atrophy in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we examined the effect of two different stimulation parameter sets on FES-induced muscle fatigue in 10 healthy individuals. Methods: 3 FES protocols were applied to the knee extensor muscle group of participants. The experimental protocols were as follows: practice session, test session 1 and test session 2. Subjects were trained to perform the MVIC test, and their MVIC was measured in the practice session. A long pulse duration (1000 [mu] s) and a current amplitude set to evoke 25% MVIC at 30 Hz was applied on subject’s thigh for 2 minutes in test session 1. The protocol for test session 2 was identical to the test session 1 with the exception of a different pulse shape. A short pulse duration (200 [mu] s) and a current amplitude set to evoke 25% MVIC was used in test session 2. The percentage decline in peak force, the recovery rate during rest-periods, and self-reported pain were compared between the two FES parameter sets in both test sessions. Results: Percent muscle fatigue was significantly lower for the parameter set with long pulse duration (1000 [mu] s) and low current amplitude (LL) than for the stimulation parameter set with short pulse duration (200 [mu] s) and high current amplitude (SH). The reduction of peak force between the first and last peaks was significantly lower in the LL condition than in the SH condition. Pain scores were significantly lower for the LL than for the SH. Conclusion: The use of LL reduced the occurrence of muscle fatigue and pain compared to the use of SH. These results suggest that stimulation with LL may help reduce muscle fatigue during FES application.
Book Synopsis Application of Muscle/Nerve Stimulation in Health and Disease by : Gerta Vrbová
Download or read book Application of Muscle/Nerve Stimulation in Health and Disease written by Gerta Vrbová and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-19 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first evidence that electrical changes can cause muscles to contract was p- vided by Galvani (1791). Galvani’s ideas about ‘animal electricity’ were explored during the 19th and 20th century when it was firmly established that ‘electricity’ is one of the most important mechanisms used for communication by the nervous system and muscle. These researches lead to the development of ever more soph- ticated equipment that could either record the electrical changes in nerves and muscles, or elicit functional changes by electrically stimulating these structures. It was indeed the combination of these two methods that elucidated many of the basic principles about the function of the nervous system. Following these exciting findings, it was discovered that electrical stimulation and the functions elicited by it also lead to long-term changes in the properties of nerves and particularly muscles. Recent findings help us to understand the mec- nisms by which activity induced by electrical stimulation can influence mature, fully differentiated cells, in particular muscles, blood vessels and nerves. Electrically elicited activity determines the properties of muscle fibres by activating a sequence of signalling pathways that change the gene expression of the muscle. Thus, elect- cal activity graduated from a simple mechanism that is used to elicit muscle c- traction, to a system that could induce permanent changes in muscles and modify most of its characteristic properties.
Book Synopsis Electrical Stimulation and Neuromuscular Fatigue in Healthy and Chronic Post-stroke Populations by : Barbara Mollere Doucet
Download or read book Electrical Stimulation and Neuromuscular Fatigue in Healthy and Chronic Post-stroke Populations written by Barbara Mollere Doucet and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been shown to be effective for recovery of motor function following injury or pathology, however, NMES can impart rapid fatigue and the specific parameters of stimulation that maximize force output and delay the onset of fatigue remain unclear. Frequency, intensity, and pulse pattern are a few of the parameters that can be manipulated to achieve desired outcomes. Strong evidence supports the use of higher frequencies of stimulation to maximize performance of fatigued or paralyzed muscle. Likewise, several studies advocate the use of varied pulse patterns, rather than constant pulses, to maximize force output as well. Much of the research literature regarding NMES use with a pathological population involves spinal injured individuals. Much less is known about the effect of NMES on motor recovery, especially when delivered through varied pulse patterns, in the post-stroke population. The three studies contained herein addressed these issues. In Study 1, submaximal and supramaximal intensities of two variable frequency stimulation patterns and one constant frequency pattern were applied to the thenar muscles of a young healthy population. Results showed marked differences in force output between the two intensities. Submaximal stimulation enhanced the effect of the variable pulses and a greater force response was produced. In Study 2, the same three patterns were applied to the thenar muscles of a post-stroke group and an age-matched able-bodied group at submaximal intensities. Again, differences in force output were evident between the healthy and pathological group, and the variable pulses may have further depressed already weakened hemiplegic muscle. Study 3 compared the effects of a NMES rehabilitation program using a high (40 Hz) and a low (20 Hz) frequency to determine if task-specific improvements were related to frequency used. Results showed that those in the high frequency condition demonstrated greater improvements in strength, dexterity and force accuracy; those in the low frequency condition showed improvements in motor endurance. The results of this work suggest that the intensity, frequency and stimulation pattern of NMES used have a significant impact on the resultant muscle contraction and functional skills gained following stroke and should be carefully considered when implementing a clinical regimen for motor recovery.
Book Synopsis Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation-assisted Cycling Exercise on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity in People with Spinal Cord Injury by : Justin Yong Jeon
Download or read book Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation-assisted Cycling Exercise on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity in People with Spinal Cord Injury written by Justin Yong Jeon and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis New Strategies to Maintain Paralyzed Skeletal Muscle Force Output During Repetitive Electrical Stimulation by : Li-Wei Chou
Download or read book New Strategies to Maintain Paralyzed Skeletal Muscle Force Output During Repetitive Electrical Stimulation written by Li-Wei Chou and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of this dissertation work can provide not only information regarding the relationship between skeletal muscle force and stimulation intensity, but also a simple modeling approach for predicting required stimulation intensity during repetitive muscle activation. Most importantly, this dissertation work can provide general guidelines and better muscle stimulation strategies for FES application.
Book Synopsis Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation-assisted Cycling Exercise on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity in People with Spinal Cord Injury by :
Download or read book Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation-assisted Cycling Exercise on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity in People with Spinal Cord Injury written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Does Lower Extremity Functional Electrical Stimulation Improve Endurance in Ambulatory, Pediatric Population with Complete Spinal Cord Injury? by : Michael DalMolin
Download or read book Does Lower Extremity Functional Electrical Stimulation Improve Endurance in Ambulatory, Pediatric Population with Complete Spinal Cord Injury? written by Michael DalMolin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Background: The purpose of this evidence in practice literature review is to determine if functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the lower extremities is an effective intervention to improve endurance in a 9 year-old with a partial C2-C6 spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed through MEDLINE, Cochrane, Pubmed, and Academic Search Premiere. Inclusion criteria consisted of: Within 11 years of publication, spinal cord injured population, lower extremity FES, and cardiorespiratory outcome measures. Exclusion criteria consisted of: Outcome measures of muscle strength and bone. Limitations: Limitations of the included research included the lack of randomization of subjects, no control groups, and small sample sizes. This impairs the generalizability of this research to our patient case. Results: Keywords children, SCI, and FES. Our first search resulted in 16 citations. Of these articles, five were used in final clinical decision. Conclusion: Functional electrical stimulation evoked exercise increases the whole-body metabolism of individuals with (SCI) so that they may gain general and localized health and fitness benefits; we deem FES-cycling as an appropriate intervention for our patient. However, the reviewed studies did have several limitations to their methods and further research is needed on this topic.
Book Synopsis Development of Intermittent Electrical Stimulation for the Prevention of Deep Tissue Injury by : Leandro R. Solis Aguilar
Download or read book Development of Intermittent Electrical Stimulation for the Prevention of Deep Tissue Injury written by Leandro R. Solis Aguilar and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main goal of this thesis was to develop a novel intervention named Intermittent Electrical Stimulation (IES) to prevent the formation of deep tissue injury (DTI) in immobilized individuals, in particular those with spinal cord injury. Deep tissue injury is a type of pressure ulcer that originates at the deep bone-muscle interface due to the prolonged entrapment of soft tissue between a bony prominence and an external surface. Intermittent electrical stimulation is applied to muscles at risk of developing DTI and works by eliciting periodic muscle contractions in cycles of 10 seconds "ON" followed by a period of 10 minutes "OFF", replicating the subconscious repositioning performed by able bodied individuals in response to sitting discomfort. These periodic IES-elicited muscle contractions are able to counteract both the mechanical and vascular factors leading to DTI. Four studies were conducted to test the effects of IES within the muscle and its effectiveness to prevent DTI. In able-bodied volunteers the use of IES reduced and redistributed superficial pressure around the ischial tuberosities. In addition, it increased the level of muscle oxygenation immediately after the IES-induced muscle contraction, and kept it elevated throughout the entire duration of each IES "OFF" phase. In studies conducted in adult pigs both intact and with spinal cord injury, the results of this thesis showed that peak internal pressures due to external loading was localized within a 2cm area centered around the ischial tuberosities. Peak internal pressures were approximately 2 times higher than peak superficial pressures. The use of IES effectively reduced internal pressure levels around the ischial tuberosities and redistributed internal pressure levels away from the ischial tuberosities during each IES-induced contraction. The effectiveness of IES was demonstrated in a study in adult pigs with injured spinal cords and atrophied muscles. An external load equivalent to 25% of body weight was applied to the paralyzed limb of each animal every day for 4hrs a day for 1 month. In the group of pigs that received the application of IES the extent of DTI was significantly less (8%) compared to the extent of DTI in the control group (48%).
Book Synopsis Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscles Following Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury by : Aldre Izabel Pchevozniki Tanhoffer
Download or read book Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscles Following Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury written by Aldre Izabel Pchevozniki Tanhoffer and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Den samfundsskabte virkelighed written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Immediate Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling on Urine Output, Oedema and Spasticity After Spinal Cord Injury by : Keira Ralston
Download or read book The Immediate Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling on Urine Output, Oedema and Spasticity After Spinal Cord Injury written by Keira Ralston and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Investigation of Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling for People with Spinal Cord Injury by : Lynsey Diane Duffell
Download or read book An Investigation of Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling for People with Spinal Cord Injury written by Lynsey Diane Duffell and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of electrical stimulation on skeletal muscles of injured and healthy athletes by : M. Houston
Download or read book Effects of electrical stimulation on skeletal muscles of injured and healthy athletes written by M. Houston and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electrical induced bicycle training in spinal cord injured individuals effects on muscle tissue and bone mineral density by : Thomas Mohr
Download or read book Electrical induced bicycle training in spinal cord injured individuals effects on muscle tissue and bone mineral density written by Thomas Mohr and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Investigation of Sensation and Strength Changes as a Result of Functional Electrical Stimulation with a Leg Cycle Ergometer in a Subject with a Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury by : Sonji Bak
Download or read book An Investigation of Sensation and Strength Changes as a Result of Functional Electrical Stimulation with a Leg Cycle Ergometer in a Subject with a Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury written by Sonji Bak and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
