The Political Economy of Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1789906075
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Iraq by : Gunter, Frank R.

Download or read book The Political Economy of Iraq written by Gunter, Frank R. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of The Political Economy of Iraq is as comprehensive and accessible as the first with updated data and analysis. Frank R. Gunter discusses in detail how the convergence of the ISIS insurgency, collapse in oil prices, and massive youth unemployment produced a serious political crisis in 2020. This work ends with a discussion of key policy decisions that will determine Iraq’s future. This volume will be a valuable resource for anyone with a professional, business, or academic interest in the post-2003 political economy of Iraq.

The Economics of Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : Grosvenor House Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1999824121
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economics of Iraq by : Amer K. Hirmis

Download or read book The Economics of Iraq written by Amer K. Hirmis and published by Grosvenor House Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meticulously researched and written by Dr Amer K. Hirmis the book takes readers 6000 years back to early Mesopotamian polity, culture, and religious codes which shaped the economy, and continue to shape much of the body of Iraq's polity, economy and society today. Economic inefficiency, inequality and lack of sufficient employment are common threads that run throughout Mesopotamian/Iraqi economic history. The persistence of poverty, high unemployment, conscious discrimination against women, and a polity dictating blind allegiance and obedience from the subjects to the ruler, denied the Iraqis achieving economic development, the ultimate aim of which is the sustained improvement of the well-being of the people. Even when economic growth was attained, it was desperately non-inclusive. With a novel approach to economic development, this book examines Iraq's economy over the past 100 years. It establishes the historical roots in the consumption patterns, nature of the producers, the economic structure, trade, monetary and fiscal policy and resource allocation. In all these areas the echoes from the ancient past are striking. The principles of Sumerian taxes are still applied in present-day Iraq. The book proposes a set of conditions, which will need to be created for Iraq to achieve economic development and functional democracy, in the distant future.

The Economy of Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313031134
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economy of Iraq by : Abbas Alnasrawi

Download or read book The Economy of Iraq written by Abbas Alnasrawi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1994-03-23 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economy of Iraq has fluctuated wildly since the 1950s. It has been affected by changes in governments, by wars, and by general instability. This book analyzes a complex subject and is especially timely at this critical juncture in the history of Iraq, the Middle East, and international relations. Abbas Alnasrawi traces the growth of the Iraqi economy since 1950, assesses its present state of crisis and underdevelopment, and explores its prospects for recovery. Alnasrawi contends that the economic development of Iraq was shaped by the rise in oil revenue, the war between Iran and Iraq, and the invasion of Kuwait and its aftermath. The discussion begins with the burst of Iraq's oil industry and the development policies under the monarchy. Subsequent chapters highlight development planning during the first ten years of the republic, the development plans of the ruling Baath party, the distructive consequences of the Iran-Iraq war and the recent invasion of Kuwait, and the future of the Iraqi economy to the year 2010. This in-depth examination puts this subject into a manageable context for students of the Middle East, multinational oil, Third World development, and international relations.

The Political Economy of Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849809895
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Iraq by : Frank R. Gunter

Download or read book The Political Economy of Iraq written by Frank R. Gunter and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking volume offers a comprehensive look at the current state of IraqÕs political economy in the aftermath of the US-led overthrow of Saddam Hussein in 2003. Frank R. Gunter describes the unique difficulties facing the modern Iraqi economy and provides detailed recommendations for fostering future economic growth and stability. The book begins with an overview of IraqÕs current political, economic, and social status, including discussions of real growth, unemployment, inflation, health, poverty, education, and gender issues. This is followed by a comprehensive look at what the author identifies as the three dominant characteristics of the political economy of Iraq: corruption, political instability, and petroleum. Using these foundational ideas as a springboard, the book then provides a detailed breakdown of the Iraqi economy by sector, as well as discussions of IraqÕs fiscal, monetary, and exchange rate policies. The final chapter identifies the major trends that will determine the course of future economic development in Iraq and provides insightful recommendations for encouraging positive economic growth. Offering the most comprehensive and timely discussion of IraqÕs economy to date, this critical volume will appeal to students and professors of international studies, political economy, and Middle East studies as well as anyone considering doing business in this rapidly changing economy.

Iraq's Economic Predicament

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Author :
Publisher : ISBS
ISBN 13 : 9780863722769
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Iraq's Economic Predicament by : Kamil A. Mahdi

Download or read book Iraq's Economic Predicament written by Kamil A. Mahdi and published by ISBS. This book was released on 2002 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the book, the authors examine a range of policies and institutional reform measures necessary to tackle the structural problems of the Iraqi economy.

Economic Policy in Iraq, 1932-1950

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113628575X
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Policy in Iraq, 1932-1950 by : Joseph Sassoon

Download or read book Economic Policy in Iraq, 1932-1950 written by Joseph Sassoon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1987. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Iraq's Economy

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (532 download)

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Book Synopsis Iraq's Economy by : Jonathan E. Sanford

Download or read book Iraq's Economy written by Jonathan E. Sanford and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Inflation and Conflict in Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1455201421
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (552 download)

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Book Synopsis Inflation and Conflict in Iraq by : Udo Kock

Download or read book Inflation and Conflict in Iraq written by Udo Kock and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-07-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing inflation has turned out to be one of the most challenging aspects of economic management in Iraq. This paper posits that conventional as well as unconventional factors explain inflation dynamics in the recent past. We build a theoretical model based on the insights into the workings of socialist economies under supply shortages provided by Shleifer and Vishny (1992) to help explain price dynamics. In the model, strategic behavior of the fuel distribution monopolist results in fuel shortages, with implications for fuel and non-fuel inflation. A number of step-wise adjustments of administered prices for fuel products since December 2005 offer an interesting experiment to help study this behavior. Our findings show that inflation may have been influenced by shortages in fuel and non-fuel commodity supplies, which themselves are driven by violence and rent-seeking.

The Economic Development of Iraq

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic Development of Iraq by : World Bank

Download or read book The Economic Development of Iraq written by World Bank and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Iraq's Informal Economy

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Author :
Publisher : Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research
ISBN 13 : 994800891X
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Iraq's Informal Economy by : Robert Looney

Download or read book Iraq's Informal Economy written by Robert Looney and published by Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research. This book was released on 2007-06-21 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iraq’s economy has undergone profound changes over the last decade, many of which have had significant implications on the evolution of the country’s informal economy. The statist, heavy-handed economic policies of the Ba’athist government concentrated much of Iraq’s productive capacity on nationalized factors, which degraded under the sanctions regime of the 1990s, when both industrial and agricultural production faltered for lack of input. The 2003 overthrow of the regime saw the nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contract by 35 percent and it has recovered little since then, despite US-led reconstruction efforts. The only part of the economy to have survived both Saddam Hussein and the post-2003 period of instability is the country’s informal economy. At the aggregate level, corruption appears to be a key factor in the growth of Iraq’s informal economy. Over the years, corruption at many levels has led to a general reduction in trust on the part of market participants. Furthermore, the reduction in social capital has forced the shift of many transactions from the formal to the informal markets, where intimate knowledge of participants provides some insurance against fraud and non-compliance. Other factors, such as the shortage of energy and electricity and the dangers associated with transport, have caused a number of previously formal businesses to revert to the informal economy. This has been particularly evident in the agricultural sector, the neglect and subsequent demise of which has not only forced many farmers into informal subsistence-type farming, but has also greatly limited the ability of the sector to play its traditional role as a temporary source of employment for unemployed urban workers. The shutting down of many schools and poor quality of education among others, together with low family incomes, have forced many children into the informal sector—mainly as street vendors. The country’s many child labor laws are being largely ignored by the authorities. Meanwhile, women are also increasingly becoming participants in the informal economy. Many have been widowed or abandoned and the informal sector provides their easiest access to income. The high level of corruption in post-war Iraq continues to reinforce these trends. In its latest assessment, the prestigious Transparency International has ranked Iraq as the most corrupt country in the Middle East. In short, the issues require far more than simply organizing and financing a massive construction program. Rather, what is required is the rebuilding of a devastated economy and society simultaneously. In a nutshell, the issues require a development strategy under crisis. This study outlines several areas that require greater attention in the country’s reform program, as well as strategies that might help stem the tide toward informal activity in Iraq. Taken as a whole, these policy initiatives have the potential to not only significantly expand domestic employment opportunities, but more importantly, to do so through the creation of a virtuous cycle with feedback between the domestic market, further reforms and the incorporation of the informal segments of the economy into the formal sector. Ultimately, a rapidly growing formal private sector is essential for making any significant progress in combating Iraq’s vast informal economy and job creation needs.

The Economic Consequences of the Gulf War

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134939655
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic Consequences of the Gulf War by : Kamran Mofid

Download or read book The Economic Consequences of the Gulf War written by Kamran Mofid and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-10-26 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Iran-Iraq War were one of the longest and most devastating uninterrupted wars amongst modern nation states. It produced neither victor nor vanquished and left the regimes in both countries basically intact. However, it is clear that the domestic, regional and international repercussions of the war mean that 'going back' is not an option. Iraq owes too much to regain the lead it formerly held in economic performance and development levels. What then does reconstruction mean? In this book, Kamran Mofid counteracts the scant analysis to date of the economic consequences of the Gulf War by analysing its impact on both economies in terms of oil production, exports, foreign exchange earnings, non-defence foreign trade and agricultural performance. In the final section, Mofid brings together the component parts of the economic cost of the war to assign a dollar value to the devastation.

The Role of Government in the Industrialization of Iraq 1950-1965 (RLE Economy of Middle East)

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317592166
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Government in the Industrialization of Iraq 1950-1965 (RLE Economy of Middle East) by : Ferhang Jalal

Download or read book The Role of Government in the Industrialization of Iraq 1950-1965 (RLE Economy of Middle East) written by Ferhang Jalal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1950 the governments of Iraq have attempted vigorously to develop the economy and have stressed industrial development. Here Dr Ferhang Jalal discusses, analyses and appraises a number of policies adopted by the government of Iraq designed to promote the growth of the industrial sector. The policies were of two kinds: the establishment of enterprises financed, constructed and operated by the government; and the encouragement of the expansion of private industrial enterprises through provision of finance, by way of tax exemptions of all kinds, through controls over the allocation of investment, and by protecting them from foreign competition. The author discusses the extent to which investment programmes formulated by planners were able to be implemented, and analyses in detail the factors facilitating and those constraining a more rapid rate of industrial growth.

The Economic Consequences of the Gulf War

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134939647
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic Consequences of the Gulf War by : Kamran Mofid

Download or read book The Economic Consequences of the Gulf War written by Kamran Mofid and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-10-26 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Iran-Iraq War were one of the longest and most devastating uninterrupted wars amongst modern nation states. It produced neither victor nor vanquished and left the regimes in both countries basically intact. However, it is clear that the domestic, regional and international repercussions of the war mean that 'going back' is not an option. Iraq owes too much to regain the lead it formerly held in economic performance and development levels. What then does reconstruction mean? In this book, Kamran Mofid counteracts the scant analysis to date of the economic consequences of the Gulf War by analysing its impact on both economies in terms of oil production, exports, foreign exchange earnings, non-defence foreign trade and agricultural performance. In the final section, Mofid brings together the component parts of the economic cost of the war to assign a dollar value to the devastation.

Breaking Out of Fragility

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464816379
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Breaking Out of Fragility by : World Bank

Download or read book Breaking Out of Fragility written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iraq is at a crossroads. Almost two decades after the 2003 war, the country remains caught in a fragility trap, facing increasing political instability, growing social unrest, and a deepening state-citizen divide. Amid a multitude of crises—including an oil price shock, the COVID-19 pandemic, and recent instability and protests—coupled with poor economic policies, a lack of reforms, and an inability to tackle corruption, Iraq is having its worst annual economic growth performance in 2020 since the fall of the Saddam regime. But with every crisis comes an opportunity to reform. Iraq can embark on a long but much-needed path toward structural transformation, one that could leave its economy less dependent on oil and more driven by private sector activity. Such a path can no longer be avoided, as has been illustrated by the widespread protests since October 2019. This report highlights what Iraq can do to sustain future growth; it also shows why Iraq has not yet managed to achieve high levels of diversified growth alongside peace, stability, and a better standard of living for its people. Iraq’s high levels of fragility and conflict--reinforced by high oil dependency--hinder the country’s prospects for economic reform and growth. Despite Iraq’s existing sociopolitical and economic environment, three encouraging messages emerge from this report. First, there is a peace dividend in Iraq. Iraq’s per capita GDP was about one-fifth lower in 2018 than it would have been if not for the conflict beginning in 2014. Thus, maintaining peace can by itself be a strong driver of growth. Second, Iraq has latent export potential for a variety of goods that, if tapped, could diversify the country’s economy, raise living standards, and boost economic resilience. Third, Iraqi agriculture could be revived to serve as a pillar of a more diversified and private sector†“led economy.

Financing Economic Development in Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : New York : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Financing Economic Development in Iraq by : Abbas Alnasrawi

Download or read book Financing Economic Development in Iraq written by Abbas Alnasrawi and published by New York : Praeger. This book was released on 1967 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study of the role of the petroleum industry in the economic development of Iraq - covers fiscal policy, and financial aspects, etc. Bibliography pp. 175 to 188.

Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464802955
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review by : The World Bank

Download or read book Republic of Iraq Public Expenditure Review written by The World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-08-26 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Public Expenditure Review (PER) provides an integrated perspective on Iraq’s need to provide better public service delivery, while maintaining macroeconomic stability and fiscal discipline. The achievement of these objectives unfolds within a challenging context of revenue volatility, the need to diversify the economy, weak accountability mechanisms, and residual conflict. Reflecting these challenges, key socio-economic developmental indicators are stalled or even declining despite rapid growth in public spending. Indeed, the review shows that growth in spending has not been matched by absorptive capacity, let alone improved outcomes. The difficult task of constructing the fiscal institutions to embed the practices of good economic management remains a work-in-progress. The PER is one component of World Bank assistance to the government to improve public expenditure policy and management. The challenge for the Iraqi authorities in the years ahead will be to turn oil revenues into sustained welfare improvements. Macroeconomic stability alone is not enough to address social and economic development issues and to avoid a resource curse. Iraq’s oil wealth alone cannot generate sustainably high living standards for the majority of its population. Economic diversification is an imperative—both to create jobs and to promote income-generating opportunities for the Iraqi population. The key challenges for the authorities therefore are (i) to remove constraints to non-hydrocarbon economic activities; (ii) to ensure the efficient use of oil revenue; and (iii) to restrain the growth of current spending (in particular wage bill and subsidies) to free up resources for public investment, while maintaining essential safety nets and social support for the poor and disadvantaged. Public investment management is a crosscutting capability that is needed to meet Iraq’s development objectives. The government has the opportunity to take concrete steps now. The PER proposes approaches and actions to better use Iraq’s oil revenues by shifting to a save and invest via curbing inefficient spending and redirecting resources to public investment and basic services. As economic growth prospects are favorable in the medium-term, the Iraqi government has the opportunity to lay the foundations of a broadly diversified economy, with a reasonable footprint that provides decent public services and security while facilitating adequate economic freedom. Senior policy makers at the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Planning and line ministries are the primary audience of this work.

Iraq's Burdens

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313013764
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Iraq's Burdens by : Abbas Alnasrawi

Download or read book Iraq's Burdens written by Abbas Alnasrawi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2002-11-30 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil revenue has been an economic curse for Iraq. In the second half of the 20th century the international oil sector shaped Iraq's economy, forcing it to rely too heavily on revenue brought in by oil production and exports. Iraq's failure to use copious oil rents to diversify the economy has proven disastrous for its people and economy. Its over-reliance on oil revenues coupled with the consequences of its war with Iran, the Gulf War, and the ensuing economic sanctions have led the country to economic destruction, sanctions, and enormous debt. Iraq is a major oil producing country, a founding member of OPEC, and possesses the world's second highest amount of oil reserves. Yet few studies exist on Iraq's oil industry and its impact on the economic and political fortunes of the country. Alnasrawi remedies this by helping us understand this important Arab, Middle Eastern, oil-exporting country that has been a constant focus of U.S. foreign policy since 1990. Alnasrawi concludes that the availability of capital is an insufficient condition for economic development, and may in fact retard it, as it did in this now reviled and wrecked country.