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Author : José Canals-Cerdá
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book The Dynamics of School and Work in Rural Bangladesh written by José Canals-Cerdá and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : José J. Canals-Cerda
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)
Download or read book The Dynamics of School and Work in Rural Bangladesh written by José J. Canals-Cerda and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canals-Cerda and Ridao-Cano investigate the effect of work on the school progress of rural Bangladeshi children. They specify a dynamic switching model for the sequence of school and work outcomes up to the end of secondary school, where the switching in each school level is determined by the endogenous work history of the child up to that level. This approach allows the authors to evaluate the dynamic effects of work on school progress. They find that work has a negative and sizable effect on school progress and are able to measure this effect for different groups of children. Their results highlight the relevance of policies aimed at increasing school progress through reductions in child work and the importance of accompanying these policies by efforts to improve the adverse environment that working children face. The authors evaluate the dynamic effects of three policies: compulsory primary schooling, compulsory school entry at age six, and universal access to secondary school. They find that these policies have a sizable effect on school progress and child labor.This paper - a product of the Human Development Sector Department, East Asia and Pacific Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to better understand the effect of work on schooling.
Author : Crist??bal Ridao-Cano
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)
Download or read book The Dynamics of School and Work in Rural Bangladesh written by Crist??bal Ridao-Cano and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canals-Cerd?? and Ridao-Cano investigate the effect of work on the school progress of rural Bangladeshi children. They specify a dynamic switching model for the sequence of school and work outcomes up to the end of secondary school, where the switching in each school level is determined by the endogenous work history of the child up to that level. This approach allows the authors to evaluate the dynamic effects of work on school progress. They find that work has a negative and sizable effect on school progress and are able to measure this effect for different groups of children. Their results highlight the relevance of policies aimed at increasing school progress through reductions in child work and the importance of accompanying these policies by efforts to improve the adverse environment that working children face. The authors evaluate the dynamic effects of three policies: compulsory primary schooling, compulsory school entry at age six, and universal access to secondary school. They find that these policies have a sizable effect on school progress and child labor.
Author : Shahidur R. Khandker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821335932
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Education Achievements and School Efficiency in Rural Bangladesh written by Shahidur R. Khandker and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two of the largest World Bank investment projects in Bangladesh are the general education project and the female secondary scholarship and assistance project. This paper evaluates the expected results of these educational projects using the household and school survey data recently collected in rural Bangladesh. Bangladesh spends only 2 percent of its GNP on education, compared to 3.2 percent in an average low-income country and 6 percent in an average high-income country. Low investment in education results in low literacy (only 35 percent), which in turn results in low productivity, low incomes, poor health, and, above all, high population growth. To counter these trends, Bangladesh has invested substantially in the education sector in recent years, with the help of the World Bank and other donor agencies. The objective of this investment has been to improve both the quality and quantity of education, especially among the female population. The general education and female secondary school assistance projects are, in particular, geared to promote better access to primary and secondary education, as well as higher school participation and educational attainment. Based on the rural household and school survey data on both supply and demand factors, this report concludes that school interventions such as more and better schools, better trained and educated teachers, more female teachers, and better water and sanitation facilities in schools promote literacy and improve school participation and school attainment rates. Independent of school-level interventions, complementary investments in village infrastructure (roads and electricity) also have beneficial effects on educational outcomes. The effects of all these interventions are more pronounced for girls than for boys. Contains 28 data tables and figures. (Author/TD)
Author : Emanuela Di Gropello
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821366467
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Meeting the Challenges of Secondary Education in Latin America and East Asia written by Emanuela Di Gropello and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a context of increased primary school enrollment rates, secondary education is appearing as the next big challenge for Latin American and East Asian countries. This report seeks to undertake a detailed diagnostic of secondary education in these two regions, understand some of the main constraints to the expansion and improvement of secondary education, and suggest policy options to address these constraints, with focus on policies that improve the mobilization and use of resources.
Author : Pk. Md. Motiur Rahman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 443154285X
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)
Download or read book Dynamics of Poverty in Rural Bangladesh written by Pk. Md. Motiur Rahman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-03 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of poverty dynamics is important for effective poverty alleviation policies because the changes in income poverty are also accompanied by changes in socioeconomic factors such as literacy, gender parity in school, health care, infant mortality, and asset holdings. In order to examine the dynamics of poverty, information from 1,212 households in 32 rural villages in Bangladesh was collected in December 2004 and December 2009. This book reports the analytical results from quantitative and qualitative surveys from the same households at two points of time, which yielded the panel data for understanding the changes in situations of poverty. Efforts have been made to include the most recent research from diverse disciplines including economics, statistics, anthropology, education, health care, and vulnerability study. Specifically, findings from logistic regression analysis, polychoric principal component analysis, kernel density function, income mobility with the help of the Markov chain model, and child nutrition status from anthropometric measures have been presented. Asset holdings and liabilities of the chronically poor as well as those of three other economic groups (the descending non-poor, the ascending poor, and the non-poor) are analyzed statistically. The degrees of vulnerability to poverty are examined by years of schooling, landholding size, gender of household head, social capital, and occupation. The multiple logistic regression model was used to identify important risk factors for a household’s vulnerability. In 2009, some of the basic characteristics of the chronically poor were: higher percentage and number of female-headed households, higher dependency ratio, lower levels of education, fewer years of schooling, and limited employment. There was a low degree of mobility of households from one poverty status to another in the period 2004-2009, implying that the process of economic development and high economic growth in the macroeconomy during this time failed to improve the poverty situation in rural Bangladesh.
Author : Lucy Hopkins
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317807251
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)
Download or read book The 'Poor Child' written by Lucy Hopkins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are development discourses of the ‘poor child’ in need of radical revision? What are the theoretical and methodological challenges and possibilities for ethical understandings of childhoods and poverty? The ‘poor child’ at the centre of development activity is often measured against and reformed towards an idealised and globalised child subject. This book examines why such normative discourses of childhood are in need of radical revision and explores how development research and practice can work to ‘unsettle’ the global child. It engages the cultural politics of childhood – a politics of equality, identity and representation – as a methodological and theoretical orientation to rethink the relationships between education, development, and poverty in children’s lives. This book brings multiple disciplinary perspectives, including cultural studies, sociology, and film studies, into conversation with development studies and development education in order to provide new ways of approaching and conceptualising the ‘poor child’. The researchers draw on a range of methodological frames – such as poststructuralist discourse analysis, arts based research, ethnographic studies and textual analysis – to unpack the hidden assumptions about children within development discourses. Chapters in this book reveal the diverse ways in which the notion of childhood is understood and enacted in a range of national settings, including Kenya, India, Mexico and the United Kingdom. They explore the complex constitution of children’s lives through cultural, policy, and educational practices. The volume’s focus on children’s experiences and voices shows how children themselves are challenging the representation and material conditions of their lives. The ‘Poor Child’ will be of particular interest to postgraduate students and scholars working in the fields of childhood studies, international and comparative education, and development studies.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (676 download)
Download or read book 猶太問題の性格 written by and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. Mokammel Haque
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Rural Education in Bangladesh written by M. Mokammel Haque and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a land of extreme rural poverty and illiteracy, Bangladesh needs to consciously promote, develop, and support local institutions and participatory leadership, involving local people in the planning, development, and implementation of developmental policies. Begun in 1959, the Comilla experiment constitutes the rationale for institutional planning, emphasizing local planning participation via local organizations, governments, and co-operatives working with governmental agencies that supply training and materials. Depending heavily upon systematized nonformal training programs, the Comilla experiment identified, trained, and educated natural rural leaders to act as change agents. Bangladesh's formal education system has traditionally emphasized the humanities, producing"gentlemen" contemptuous of labor and virtually unskilled. As the biggest institutional framework in Bangladesh, the formal school system has a great potential for providing basic education at the primary level and for "vocationalizing" secondary education. However, the immediate needs of literacy and production suggest that Bangladesh focus upon a strategy for nonformal education that includes: multisectoral community action programs; decentralized planning and implementation; a national policy to coordinate activities; integrated development; self-reliant financing; maximum use of existing institutions and resources; research and evaluation; and target specific priorities. (JC).
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030909528X
Total Pages : 721 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Growing Up Global written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-06-25 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges for young people making the transition to adulthood are greater today than ever before. Globalization, with its power to reach across national boundaries and into the smallest communities, carries with it the transformative power of new markets and new technology. At the same time, globalization brings with it new ideas and lifestyles that can conflict with traditional norms and values. And while the economic benefits are potentially enormous, the actual course of globalization has not been without its critics who charge that, to date, the gains have been very unevenly distributed, generating a new set of problems associated with rising inequality and social polarization. Regardless of how the globalization debate is resolved, it is clear that as broad global forces transform the world in which the next generation will live and work, the choices that today's young people make or others make on their behalf will facilitate or constrain their success as adults. Traditional expectations regarding future employment prospects and life experiences are no longer valid. Growing Up Global examines how the transition to adulthood is changing in developing countries, and what the implications of these changes might be for those responsible for designing youth policies and programs, in particular, those affecting adolescent reproductive health. The report sets forth a framework that identifies criteria for successful transitions in the context of contemporary global changes for five key adult roles: adult worker, citizen and community participant, spouse, parent, and household manager.
Author : Peter Barrett
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464813787
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)
Download or read book The Impact of School Infrastructure on Learning written by Peter Barrett and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-02-04 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The Impact of School Infrastructure on Learning: A Synthesis of the Evidence provides an excellent literature review of the resources that explore the areas of focus for improved student learning, particularly the aspiration for “accessible, well-built, child-centered, synergetic and fully realized learning environments.†? Written in a style which is both clear and accessible, it is a practical reference for senior government officials and professionals involved in the planning and design of educational facilities, as well as for educators and school leaders. --Yuri Belfali, Head of Division, Early Childhood and Schools, OECD Directorate for Education and Skills This is an important and welcome addition to the surprisingly small, evidence base on the impacts of school infrastructure given the capital investment involved. It will provide policy makers, practitioners, and those who are about to commission a new build with an important and comprehensive point of reference. The emphasis on safe and healthy spaces for teaching and learning is particularly welcome. --Harry Daniels, Professor of Education, Department of Education, Oxford University, UK This report offers a useful library of recent research to support the, connection between facility quality and student outcomes. At the same time, it also points to the unmet need for research to provide verifiable and reliable information on this connection. With such evidence, decisionmakers will be better positioned to accurately balance the allocation of limited resources among the multiple competing dimensions of school policy, including the construction and maintenance of the school facility. --David Lever, K-12 Facility Planner, Former Executive Director of the Interagency Committee on School Construction, Maryland Many planners and designers are seeking a succinct body of research defining both the issues surrounding the global planning of facilities as well as the educational outcomes based on the quality of the space provided. The authors have finally brought that body of evidence together in this well-structured report. The case for better educational facilities is clearly defined and resources are succinctly identified to stimulate the dialogue to come. We should all join this conversation to further the process of globally enhancing learning-environment quality! --David Schrader, AIA, Educational Facility Planner and Designer, Former Chairman of the Board of Directors, Association for Learning Environments (A4LE)
Author : John Cockburn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441962751
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Child Welfare in Developing Countries written by John Cockburn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-09 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: to establish impact, attributing observed changes in welfare to the intervention, while identifying key factors of success. Impact evaluations are aimed at providing feedback to help improve the design of programs and policies. They also provide greater accountability and a tool for dynamic learning, allowing policymakers to improve ongoing programs and ultimately better allocate funds across programs. Such a causal analysis is essential for understanding the relative role of alternative interventions in reducing poverty. The papers in this section again adopt a variety of techniques. The rst two impact evaluation studies employ propensity score matching to establish, ex-post, a valid control group to assess the impact on child schooling outcomes among b- e ciaries of various interventions in Kenya and Ethiopia. The third chapter c- ries out an ex-ante evaluation of alternative cash transfer programs on child school attendance in Uruguay. The nal paper further carries out in-depth macro-modeling and micro-regression analysis to simulate the impacts of the food crisis and various policy responses, including food subsidies and cash transfers, on various dimensions of child poverty in Mali. Though using different approaches, the studies are gen- ally in agreement concerning the positive impact of the cash transfer program on child schooling and labor market outcomes. The studies from Kenya and Uruguay both nd that the schooling interventions are progressive.
Author : Karla Ruth Hoff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book The Transition from Communism written by Karla Ruth Hoff and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark Bray
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9290926597
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (99 download)
Download or read book Shadow Education written by Mark Bray and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In all parts of Asia, households devote considerable expenditures to private supplementary tutoring. This tutoring may contribute to students' achievement, but it also maintains and exacerbates social inequalities, diverts resources from other uses, and can contribute to inefficiencies in education systems. Such tutoring is widely called shadow education, because it mimics school systems. As the curriculum in the school system changes, so does the shadow. This study documents the scale and nature of shadow education in different parts of the region. Shadow education has been a major phenomenon in East Asia and it has far-reaching economic and social implications.
Author : Keijiro Otsuka
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134019432
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Rural Poverty and Income Dynamics in Asia and Africa written by Keijiro Otsuka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-11-19 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This books uses primary data of rural households collected in eight countries in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa to shed new light on increased farm income, increased investment in schooling of children, poverty reduction and the development of non-farm economies.
Author : Nicoletta Del Franco
Publisher : Zubaan Books
ISBN 13 : 9789381017173
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (171 download)
Download or read book Negotiating Adolescence in Rural Bangladesh written by Nicoletta Del Franco and published by Zubaan Books. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study conducted in Tarapur village, Bangladesh.
Author : Padma M. Sarangapani
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789811500312
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Education Systems in South Asia written by Padma M. Sarangapani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-08-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an important reference work in understanding education systems in the South Asia region, their development trajectory, challenges and potential. The handbook includes the SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) countries for discussion---Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka---while also considering countries such as Myanmar and the Maldives that have considerable shared history in the region. Such a comparative perspective is largely absent within the literature given the present paucity of intra-regional interaction. South Asian education systems are viewed primarily through a development lens in terms of inequalities, challenges and responses. However, the development of modern institutions of education and the challenges that it faces requires cultural and historical understanding of indigenous traditions as well as indigenous modern thinkers and education movements. Therefore, this encompassing referenc e work covers indigenous education traditions, formal education systems, including school and preschool education, higher and professional education, education financing systems and structures, teacher education systems, addressing huge linguistic and other diversities, and marginalization within the formal education system, and pedagogy and curricula. All the countries in this region have their own unique geographical, cultural, economic and political character and histories of interest and significance, and have responded to common issues such as overcoming the colonial legacy, language diversity, or girls’ education, or minority rights in education, in uniquely different ways. The sections therefore include country-specific perspectives as far as possible to highlight these issues. Internationally renowned specialists of South Asian education systems have contributed to this important reference work, making it an invaluable resource for researchers and students of education interested in South Asia.
