The Doha Round Poverty And Regional Inequality In Brazil

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The Doha Round, Poverty, and Regional Inequality in Brazil

Author : Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 51 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Doha Round, Poverty, and Regional Inequality in Brazil by : Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho

Download or read book The Doha Round, Poverty, and Regional Inequality in Brazil written by Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper addresses the potential effects of the Doha round of trade negotiations on poverty and income distribution in Brazil, using an applied general equilibrium (AGE) and micro-simulation model of Brazil tailored for income distribution and poverty analysis. Of particular importance is the fact that the representative household hypothesis is replaced by a detailed representation of households. The model distinguishes 10 different labor types and has 270 different household expenditure patterns. Income can originate from 41 different production activities (which produce 52 commodities), located in 27 different regions in the country. The AGE model communicates to a micro-simulation model that has 112,055 Brazilian households and 263,938 adults. Poverty and income distribution indices are computed over the entire sample of households and persons, before and after the policy shocks. Model results show that even important trade policy shocks, such as those applied in this study, do not generate dramatic changes in the structure of poverty and income distribution in the Brazilian economy. The simulated effects on poverty and income distribution are positive, but rather small. The benefits are concentrated in the poorest households.

The Doha Round, Poverty and Regional Inequality in Brazil

Author : Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis The Doha Round, Poverty and Regional Inequality in Brazil by : Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho

Download or read book The Doha Round, Poverty and Regional Inequality in Brazil written by Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper addresses the potential effects of the Doha round of trade negotiations on poverty and income distribution in Brazil, using an applied general equilibrium (AGE) and micro-simulation model of Brazil tailored for income distribution and poverty analysis. Of particular importance is the fact that the representative household hypothesis is replaced by a detailed representation of households. The model distinguishes 10 different labor types and has 270 different household expenditure patterns. Income can originate from 41 different production activities (which produce 52 commodities), located in 27 different regions in the country. The AGE model communicates to a micro-simulation model that has 112,055 Brazilian households and 263,938 adults. Poverty and income distribution indices are computed over the entire sample of households and persons, before and after the policy shocks. Model results show that even important trade policy shocks, such as those applied in this study, do not generate dramatic changes in the structure of poverty and income distribution in the Brazilian economy. The simulated effects on poverty and income distribution are positive, but rather small. The benefits are concentrated in the poorest households.

Structural Change and Poverty Reduction in Brazil

Author : Maurizio Bussolo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Change and Poverty Reduction in Brazil by : Maurizio Bussolo

Download or read book Structural Change and Poverty Reduction in Brazil written by Maurizio Bussolo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the medium time horizon, skill upgrading, differentials in sectoral technological progress, and migration of labor out of farming activities are some of the major structural adjustment factors shaping the evolution of an economy and its connected poverty trends. The main focus of the authors is understanding, for the case of Brazil, how a trade shock interacts with these structural forces and ascertaining whether it enhances or hinders medium-term poverty reduction. In particular, they consider the interactions between the migration of labor out of agriculture, a potentially important poverty reduction factor, and trade liberalization, which increases the price incentives to stay in agriculture. A recursive-dynamic computable general equilibrium model simulates Doha scenarios and compares them against a business as usual scenario. The authors estimate the poverty effects using a microsimulation model that primarily takes into account individuals' labor supply decisions. Their analysis shows that trade liberalization does contribute to structural poverty reduction. But unless increased productivity and stronger growth rates are attributed to trade reform, its contribution to medium-term poverty reduction is rather small.

Economic Integration, Poverty and Regional Inequality in Brazil

Author : Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780732615543
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Integration, Poverty and Regional Inequality in Brazil by : Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho

Download or read book Economic Integration, Poverty and Regional Inequality in Brazil written by Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Agricultural Price Distortions, Inequality, and Poverty

Author : Kym Anderson
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821381854
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (818 download)

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Book Synopsis Agricultural Price Distortions, Inequality, and Poverty by : Kym Anderson

Download or read book Agricultural Price Distortions, Inequality, and Poverty written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-03-17 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prices of farm products are crucial determinants of the extent of poverty and inequality in the world. The vast majority of the world s poorest households depend to a considerable extent on farming for their incomes, while food represents a large component of the consumption of all poor households. For generations, food prices have been heavily distorted by government policies in high-income and developing countries. Many countries began to reform their agricultural price and trade policies in the 1980s, but government policy intervention is still considerable and still favors farmers in high-income countries at the expense of many farmers in developing countries. What would be the poverty and inequality consequences of the removal of the remaining distortions to agricultural incentives? This question is of great relevance to governments in evaluating ways to engage in multilateral and regional trade negotiations or to improve their own policies unilaterally. 'Agricultural Price Distortions, Inequality, and Poverty' analyzes the effects of agricultural and trade policies around the world on national and regional economic welfare, on income inequality among and within countries, and on the level and incidence of poverty in developing countries. The studies include economy-wide analyses of the inequality and poverty effects of own-country policies compared with rest-of-the-world policies for 10 individual developing countries in three continents. This book also includes three chapters that each use a separate global economic model to examine the effects of policies on aggregate poverty and the distribution of poverty across many identified developing countries. This study is motivated by two policy issues: first, the World Trade Organization s struggle to conclude the Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations, in which agricultural policy reform is, again, one of the most contentious topics in the talks and, second, the struggle of the developing countries to achieve their Millennium Development Goals by 2015 notably the alleviation of hunger and poverty which depends crucially on policies that affect agricultural incentives.

Poverty and the WTO

Author : Thomas W. Hertel
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821363157
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (631 download)

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Book Synopsis Poverty and the WTO by : Thomas W. Hertel

Download or read book Poverty and the WTO written by Thomas W. Hertel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005-12-15 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poverty reduction is deemed to be a centerpiece of the Doha Development Agenda currently being negotiated under the auspices of the WTO. Yet there is considerable debate about the poverty impacts of such an agreement. Some are convinced it will increase poverty, while others are equally convinced that it will lead to poverty reduction. This book brings the best scientific methods to bear on this question, taking into account the specific characteristics embodied in the Doha Development Agenda.

Policy Priorities for International Trade and Jobs

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264180176
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Policy Priorities for International Trade and Jobs by : OECD

Download or read book Policy Priorities for International Trade and Jobs written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Launched and co-ordinated by the OECD, the International Collaborative Initiative on Trade and Employment (ICITE) is a two-year old joint undertaking of ten international organisations. This book brings together some of the results of ICITE's research.

Poverty Impacts of a Wto Agreement: Synthesis and Overview

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1017173931
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Poverty Impacts of a Wto Agreement: Synthesis and Overview by :

Download or read book Poverty Impacts of a Wto Agreement: Synthesis and Overview written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

South Africa milestones to achieving the sustainable development goals on poverty and hunger

Author : Fofana, Ismaël
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis South Africa milestones to achieving the sustainable development goals on poverty and hunger by : Fofana, Ismaël

Download or read book South Africa milestones to achieving the sustainable development goals on poverty and hunger written by Fofana, Ismaël and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Africa has signed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and placed poverty and inequality reduction at the forefront of its National Development Plan. This study links a nonparametric income distribution (micro) simulation model and an economywide general equilibrium (macro) model to define the milestones South Africa must meet to halve poverty and end hunger by 2030 as targeted by the SDGs. The current economic growth of 2.0 percent on average annually must be accelerated to 4.5 percent between 2015 and 2030 to achieve the SDGs on poverty and hunger. Although an income growth strategy is important to reduce hunger, an income redistribution strategy of expanding social assistance to cover 10 percent of the population—that is, nearly 7 million persons—appears to be a key to ending hunger by 2030. Rural areas should be targeted for intervention to reduce income inequality. Skilled and high-skilled labor markets offer better employment and earning opportunities in these geographic areas than do the markets for other skill levels. Thus, skill development programs in these areas are likely to contribute to meeting the SDGs on poverty and hunger by 2030.

Brazil Today [2 volumes]

Author : John J. Crocitti
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313346739
Total Pages : 816 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Brazil Today [2 volumes] by : John J. Crocitti

Download or read book Brazil Today [2 volumes] written by John J. Crocitti and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2011-12-12 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For students, business people, government officials, artists, and tourists—in short, anyone traveling to or wishing to know more about contemporary Brazil—this is an essential resource. The two-volume Brazil Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic is an introductory work intended for those in search of basic information about Brazilian institutions, businesses, social issues, and culture. At the same time, it is a work that reflects the nation's geographic, demographic, economic, and cultural diversity. The wide-reaching encyclopedia offers an entry for each Brazilian state with information about the land, climate, economy, and culture. It also offers extensive coverage of the country's political parties and leaders, its governmental and non-governmental organizations, and the environmental issues and social problems that shape Brazilian politics today. In addition, the work pays considerable attention to the economy and business through entries on industry, agriculture, commerce, banking, and economic policies. Finally, there are entries that illuminate various aspects of Brazil's culture, including the nation's social movements, religion, education, music, cuisine, and literature, as well as personalities from sports and entertainment.

Environmental Economics and Computable General Equilibrium Analysis

Author : John R. Madden
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811539707
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Economics and Computable General Equilibrium Analysis by : John R. Madden

Download or read book Environmental Economics and Computable General Equilibrium Analysis written by John R. Madden and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-11 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses major issues such as a growing world energy demand, environmental degradation due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, and risk management of disastrous events such as pandemics, abnormal climate, and earthquakes. Using cutting-edge analytical tools, particularly computable general equilibrium (CGE) modelling, the analyses are focused on a very wide range of policy-relevant economic questions for the Asia-Pacific region, especially for Japan, China, India, Vietnam, and smaller nations, including Brunei, Timor Leste, and Fiji. The first part considers (a) the effects of climate change on agriculture sectors, energy policies, and future GHG emission trends, (b) adaptation to climate changes in energy policy and its impacts on the economies, and (c) risk management of catastrophic events such as global pandemics. The second part examines (a) energy environmental issues, (b) economic impacts of natural disaster and depopulation, and (c) effects of informatics development on risk management, using CGE modelling and other methods in regional science fields. Contributors are internationally active leading CGE modellers and environmental economists. The book should be greatly beneficial for scholars and graduate students as well as policy makers who are interested in the economic effects and management of risks relating to climate change and disastrous events.

Food Crises and the WTO

Author : Baris Karapinar
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139485865
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Crises and the WTO by : Baris Karapinar

Download or read book Food Crises and the WTO written by Baris Karapinar and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-08 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The food and financial crises of 2008 and 2009 have pushed millions more people into poverty and hunger, while changing the parameters of international trade. Both crises have also challenged the fundamentals of WTO rules regulating agriculture, which had been designed to combat trade distortions due to artificially low-priced food commodities. This collection of essays examines to what extent the multilateral trading system contributes to food security in today's volatile markets. Bringing together a renowned group of expert economists, lawyers, environmental and development specialists, it offers a fresh and multi-dimensional perspective combining a strong economic analysis with a comprehensive legal assessment of the interface between food security and international trade regulation. Together, the contributions provide concrete policy recommendations on how the WTO could play a positive role in preventing or mitigating future food crises and promote global food security.

OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Brazil 2005

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264012559
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Brazil 2005 by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Brazil 2005 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2005-10-31 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This OECD Review measures the level and composition of support to Brazilian agriculture, and evaluates the effectiveness of current measures in attaining their objectives.

Economic Development in Latin America

Author : H. Esfahani
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230297382
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Development in Latin America by : H. Esfahani

Download or read book Economic Development in Latin America written by H. Esfahani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses a diverse set of challenges facing Latin American economies. These range from the role of neo-liberal policies, deficit targeting, import substitution, role of institutions, trade and regional development and human capital and poverty.

Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling

Author : Peter B. Dixon
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0444536353
Total Pages : 1143 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling by : Peter B. Dixon

Download or read book Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling written by Peter B. Dixon and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 1143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of 17 articles, top scholars synthesize and analyze scholarship on this widely used tool of policy analysis, setting forth its accomplishments, difficulties, and means of implementation. Though CGE modeling does not play a prominent role in top US graduate schools, it is employed universally in the development of economic policy. This collection is particularly important because it presents a history of modeling applications and examines competing points of view. Presents coherent summaries of CGE theories that inform major model types Covers the construction of CGE databases, model solving, and computer-assisted interpretation of results Shows how CGE modeling has made a contribution to economic policy

NAIP toolkit for Malabo domestication: Economic modeling of agricultural growth and investment strategy, case study of Kenya

Author : Fofana, Ismaël
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis NAIP toolkit for Malabo domestication: Economic modeling of agricultural growth and investment strategy, case study of Kenya by : Fofana, Ismaël

Download or read book NAIP toolkit for Malabo domestication: Economic modeling of agricultural growth and investment strategy, case study of Kenya written by Fofana, Ismaël and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-03-07 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Malabo Agenda on Accelerated Agricultural Growth and Transformation has brought technical challengesto the development of agricultural strategiesby expanding the number of commitments and goalsunder the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme.In this paper, we describe and apply an economic modeling framework that wasdeveloped to identify the agricultural investment priority areas for a country and to define milestones to track its progress towards the Malabo goals. The framework consists ofa three-layer simulation model that aimstocapturemultiple Malabo commitments and goals. First, the agricultural productivity analysis uses the stochastic meta-frontier technique to assess opportunities to increase agricultural productivity. Second, the economywide analysis uses an agricultural and investment focused computable general equilibrium model to capture the Malabo goalson agricultural growth, intra-Africantrade of agricultural commodities, and public and private agricultural investments.Third, the microeconomic analysis builds upon statistical economic modeling to allow direct measurement and simulation of the Malabo goals on poverty and hunger. The modeling framework is applied to Kenya using the most recent data.TheMalabo Agenda simulation results indicate that Kenya’s current nonagriculture-led growth isnot sufficient to achieving the Malabo overarching goals on poverty and hunger. Agriculture-led growthcomplemented by extendedsocial assistanceis more likely to close the income growth and inequality gaps and contribute to achieving the multiple Malabo commitments and goals by 2025.

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Latin America

Author : Kym Anderson
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821375143
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (751 download)

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Book Synopsis Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Latin America by : Kym Anderson

Download or read book Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Latin America written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-10-02 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast majority of the world's poorest households depend on farming for their livelihood. During the 1960s and 1970s, most developing countries imposed pro-urban and anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Although progress has been made over the past two decades to reduce those policy biases, many trade- and welfare-reducing price distortions remain between agriculture and other sectors as well as within the agricultural sector of both rich and poor countries. Comprehensive empirical studies of the disarray in world agricultural markets first appeared approximately 20 years ago. Since then the OECD has provided estimates each year of market distortions in high-income countries, but there has been no comparable estimates for the world's developing countries. This volume is the second in a series (other volumes cover Africa, Asia, and Europe's transition economies) that not only fills that void for recent years but extends the estimates in a consistent and comparable way back in time and provides analytical narratives for scores of countries that shed light on the evolving nature and extent of policy interventions over the past half-century. 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Latin America' provides an overview of the evolution of distortions to agricultural incentives caused by price and trade policies in the economies of South America, plus the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, and Mexico. Together these countries constitute about 80 percent of the region's population, agricultural output, and overall GDP. Sectoral, trade, and exchange rate policies in the region have changed greatly since the 1950s, and there have been substantial reforms, especially in the 1980s. Nonetheless, numerous price distortions in this region remain, others have been added, and there have even been some policy reversals in recent years. The new empirical indicators in these country studies provide a strong evidence-based foundation for assessing the successes and failures of the past and for evaluating policy options for the years ahead.