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Author : W C. Lanning
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book The Denitrogenation of Coal Liquids written by W C. Lanning and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : W. C. Lanning
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (251 download)
Download or read book The Denitrogenation of Coal Liquids written by W. C. Lanning and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William Clarence Lanning
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (251 download)
Download or read book The Denitrogenation of Coal Liquids written by William Clarence Lanning and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : University of Delaware. Department of Chemical Engineering
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids written by University of Delaware. Department of Chemical Engineering and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sepideh Mirshamsi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)
Download or read book Oxidative Denitrogenation of Coal Liquids written by Sepideh Mirshamsi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oxidative denitrogenation of quinoline (as a model compound representing the nitrogen containing structure of coal liquids) has been investigated in two steps: oxidation by perdecanoic acid at 50 °C to produce quinoline N-oxide in order to weaken the nitrogen-carbon bond; thermal decomposition of quinoline N-oxide to remove nitrogen as its respective oxides. Quinoline is successfully converted to quinoline N-oxide in the oxidation step. Thermal decomposition of quinoline N-oxide at 400 °C and 600 kPa of N2 produces 52-wt% quinoline, 22-wt% a condensed polymeric compound and 26-wt% gaseous mixture of CO2, CO and O2. Almost all the nitrogen content of quinoline N-oxide has remained in the residue of decomposition reaction. This confirms that thermal decomposition not only fails to remove nitrogen from structure of the oxidized molecule, but it also leads to production of a more complex aromatic structure with 10.4-wt% nitrogen content, compared to 10.6-wt% nitrogen content of quinoline.
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : University of Delaware. Department of Chemical Engineering
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derved Liquids written by University of Delaware. Department of Chemical Engineering and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : University of Delaware. Department of Chemical Engineering
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (349 download)
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derved Liquids written by University of Delaware. Department of Chemical Engineering and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
![Download Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Seventh Quarterly Report, December 21, 1976--March 20, 1977. [CoO--MoO3 and NiO--MoO3]. PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/aX6uwgEACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Seventh Quarterly Report, December 21, 1976--March 20, 1977. [CoO--MoO3 and NiO--MoO3]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three high-pressure flow microreactors and two batch autoclave reactors have been used to study the reaction networks and kinetics of (1) catalytic hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes and (2) catalytic hydrodenitrogenation of acridine. The catalysts were commercial, sulfided CoO-MoO3/.gamma.-Al2O3 and commercial, sulfided NiO-MoO3/.gamma.-Al2O3. At 300°C and 104 atm, dibenzothiophene reacts to give H2S and biphenyl in high yield. Methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes react similarly, and each reaction is first-order in the sulfur-containing compound. Two methyl groups near the sulfur atom (in the 4 and 6 positions) reduce the reactivity tenfold, whereas methyl groups in positions further removed from the sulfur atom increase reactivity about twofold. These results are consistent with steric and inductive effects. In acridine conversion, a large amount of hydrogenation precedes nitrogen removal. Breaking of the carbon-nitrogen bond is evidently part of the slowest reaction in the network. The Ni-Mo catalyst is about twice as active as the Co-Mo catalyst for ring hydrogenation, and the two catalysts are about equally active for breaking the carbon-nitrogen bond. Aged catalysts taken from the H-Coal process had greatly reduced activity.
Author : Bruce C. Gates
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (144 download)
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids written by Bruce C. Gates and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The refining of coal-derived liquids and, especially, the removal of harmful sulfur and nitrogen is of great scientific and practical importance. The research planned under this contract has been completed: detailed results have been provided in the fourteen quarterly reports previously issued. Brief statements concerning the status of the following tasks are presented; microreactor development; catalytic hydrodesulfurization; hydrogenation, hydrodenitrogenation reactions; reaction engineering; and characterization of aged hydroprocessing catalysts.
![Download Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Third Quarterly Report, December 20, 1975--March 20, 1976. [13 Refs. ; Dibenzothiophene; Ni-Mo/Al2O3; Ni-W/Al2O3; Ni-W/Al2O3-SiO2; Co-Mo/Al2O3]. PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/HVvGwQEACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Third Quarterly Report, December 20, 1975--March 20, 1976. [13 Refs. ; Dibenzothiophene; Ni-Mo/Al2O3; Ni-W/Al2O3; Ni-W/Al2O3-SiO2; Co-Mo/Al2O3]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high-pressure liquid-phase flow microreactor is a unique reactor for obtaining quantitative kinetic data for catalytic hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation. The hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene involves formation of biphenyl as a primary reaction product without hydrogenation of the aromatic rings. The catalytic hydrodenitrogenation of quinoline involves rapid hydrogenation of the nitrogen-containing ring followed by cracking of the ring to produce an aniline which is slowly hydrodenitrogenated. The hydrodenitrogenation reactions follow first-order kinetics. The order of activity of five commercial hydrotreating catalysts for quinoline hydrodenitrogenation is (Ni--Mo/Al2O3)> (Ni--W/Al2O3)> (Ni--W/Al2O3--SiO2)> (Co--Mo/Al2O3).
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Fourteenth Quarterly Report, September 21, 1978-December 20, 1978 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative measurement of the reactivities of methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes, under high pressure reaction conditions (102 atm, 300°C) representative of industrial practice, has been accomplished. The catalyst was sulfided commercial Co-Mo/.gamma.-Al2O3. Methyl groups in the 2 and 8 or 3 and 7 positions show little effect. Methyl groups in the 4 position, however, reduced the reactivity by an order of magnitude and methyl groups in the 4 and 6 positions reduced it somewhat more. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) was found to be self-inhibiting and results with the methyl-substituted compounds implies that there is competitive adsorption of DBT and the methyl-substituted DBT. The reaction network involving benzonaphthothiophene and hydrogen has been determined. As before, the catalyst was typical commercial cobalt molybdate (sulfided CoO-MoO3/.gamma.-Al2O3). The reaction conditions were 68 atm and 300°C. The important result was that in contrast to dibenzothiophene, benzonaphthothiophene experiences extensive hydrogenation accompanying hydrodesulfurization, even with Co-Mo/.gamma.-Al2O3, the most selective of the available hydrodesulfurization catalysts. The sulfur-containing compounds having 3 rings or fewer experience nearly stoichiometric hydrodesulfurization (hydrogenolysis without hydrogenation), whereas the sulfur-containing compounds having 4 rings or more experience hydrogenation and hydrodesulfurization at roughly equal rates, giving products which experience further hydrogenation (and/or hydrodesulfurization - as the compound allows), again at roughly the same rates.
![Download Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Second Quarterly Report, September 20, 1975--December 20, 1975. [Aged CoO-MoO3-SiO2-Al2O3 Catalyst Pellets Used in Single-stage Liquefaction and Hydrosulfurization of Coal]. PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/91PbwQEACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Second Quarterly Report, September 20, 1975--December 20, 1975. [Aged CoO-MoO3-SiO2-Al2O3 Catalyst Pellets Used in Single-stage Liquefaction and Hydrosulfurization of Coal]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The construction of the first high-pressure liquid-phase flow microreactor has been completed, and kinetic studies of reaction of dibenzothiophene have been started. Understanding of catalytic hydrodesulfurization and catalyst decay has been advanced by examination of the reaction rate of thiophene, tetrahydrothiophene, and butanethiol on Harshaw 0402T catalyst. Two batch autoclave reactors have been completely assembled behind appropriate safety barricades; satisfactory operation has been demonstrated; and quinoline hydrodenitrogenation studies are underway to demonstrate operating procedures providing quantitative, reproducible data. Quinoline rapidly hydrogenates to tetrahydroquinoline; the two compounds appear to be in thermodynamic equilibrium. The tetrahydroquinoline apparently undergoes slow hydrogenolysis of the nitrogen-containing ring giving n-propylaniline as an identified long-lived product. The reaction engineering of the pulsed microreactor system has been developed and compared to some laboratory data. The moments of the inlet and exit pulses show substantial effects from product adsorption.
Author : Oklahoma State University. School of Chemical Engineering
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Catalysts for upgrading coal-derived liquids written by Oklahoma State University. School of Chemical Engineering and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Tenth Quarterly Report, September 21-December 20, 1977 written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three high-pressure flow microreactors and two batch autoclave reactors have been used to study the reaction networks and kinetics of: (1) catalytic hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes; and (2) catalytic hydrodenitrogenation of quinoline, methyl-substituted quinolines, acridine and carbazole. The catalysts were commercial, sulfided CoO-MoO3/.gamma.-Al2O3, NiO-MoO3/.gamma.-Al2O3, and NiO-WO3/.gamma.-Al2O3. At the typical conditions of 300°C and 104 atm, dibenzothiophene reacts to give H2S and biphenyl in high yield, but there is some hydrogenation preceding desulfurization. Methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes react similarly, and each reaction is first-order in the sulfur-containing compound. Two methyl groups near the sulfur atom (in the 4 and 6 positions) reduce the reactivity tenfold, whereas methyl groups in positions further removed from the sulfur atom increase reactivity about twofold. The results are consistent with steric and inductive effects influencing adsorption. The data indicate competitive adsorption among the sulfur-containing compounds. In quinoline hydrodenitrogenation, both rings are saturated before the C-N bond is broken. Similarly, in acridine conversion a large amount of hydrogenation precedes nitrogen removal. Breaking of the carbon-nitrogen bond is evidently one of the slower reactions in the network. The Ni-Mo catalyst is about twice as active as the Co-Mo catalyst for ring hydrogenation, and the two catalysts are about equally active for breaking the carbon-nitrogen bond. Reactivity of carbazole is slightly lower than that of quinoline but higher than that of acridine.
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Eighth Quarterly Report, March 21--June 20, 1977 written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three high-pressure flow microreactors and two batch autoclave reactors have been used to study the reaction networks and kinetics of (1) catalytic hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes and (2) catalytic hydrodenitrogenation of quinoline, methyl-substituted quinolines, and carbazole. At the typical conditions of 300°C and 104 atm, dibenzothiophene reacts to give H2S and biphenyl in high yield, but there is some hydrogenation preceding desulfurization. Methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes react similarly, and each reaction is first-order in the sulfur-containing compound. Two methyl groups near the sulfur atom (in the 4 and 6 positions) reduce the reactivity tenfold, whereas methyl groups in positions further removed from the sulfur atom increase reactivity about twofold. The results are consistent with steric and inductive effects influencing adsorption. The data indicate competitive adsorption among the sulfur-containing compounds. In quinoline hydrodenitrogenation, both rings are saturated before the C-N bond is broken. Similarly, in acridine conversion, a large amount of hydrogenation precedes nitrogen removal. Breaking of the carbon-nitrogen bond is evidently one of the slower reactions in the network. The Ni-Mo catalyst is about twice as active as the Co-Mo catalyst for ring hydrogenation, and the two catalysts are about equally active for breaking the carbon-nitrogen bond. Reactivity of carbazole is similar to that of quinoline and lower than that of acridine. Again, extensive hydrogenation precedes heteratom removal.
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Coal-derived Liquids. Ninth Quarterly Report, June 21, 1977--September 20, 1977 written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flow reactor studies of HDS of dibenzothiophene at about 300°C and 100 atm have shown a new dependence of catalyst activity on H2S concentration at low values. We infer that the catalyst undergoes structural changes during reaction, sometimes becoming sulfur deficient and relatively inactive. It is evidently necessary to maintain the catalyst in a properly sulfided state during reactor startup and operation by avoiding its contacting too little H2S. The relative activities of Ni--Mo/Al2O3, CO--Mo/Al2O3, and Ni--W/Al2O3 catalysts for HDN of acridine have been determined, showing that Ni--Mo/Al2O3 is the most active. The results are interpreted inthe context of the acridine reaction network, in which both the hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis (cracking) reactions are kinetically important.
