The Critical Public Health Value Of Vaccines

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The Critical Public Health Value of Vaccines

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309461566
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis The Critical Public Health Value of Vaccines by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Critical Public Health Value of Vaccines written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2022-01-29 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunization against disease is among the most successful global health efforts of the modern era, and substantial gains in vaccination coverage rates have been achieved worldwide. However, that progress has stagnated in recent years, leaving an estimated 20 million children worldwide either undervaccinated or completely unvaccinated. The determinants of vaccination uptake are complex, mutable, and context specific. A primary driver is vaccine hesitancy - defined as a "delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability of vaccination services". The majority of vaccine-hesitant people fall somewhere on a spectrum from vaccine acceptance to vaccine denial. Vaccine uptake is also hampered by socioeconomic or structural barriers to access. On August 17-20, 2020, the Forum on Microbial Threats at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a 4-day virtual workshop titled The Critical Public Health Value of Vaccines: Tackling Issues of Access and Hesitancy. The workshop focused on two main areas (vaccine access and vaccine confidence) and gave particular consideration to health systems, research opportunities, communication strategies, and policies that could be considered to address access, perception, attitudes, and behaviors toward vaccination. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2)

Author : Robert Black
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464803684
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2) by : Robert Black

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2) written by Robert Black and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.

Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309156203
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-05-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccination is a fundamental component of preventive medicine and public health. The use of vaccines to prevent infectious diseases has resulted in dramatic decreases in disease, disability, and death in the United States and around the world. The current political, economic, and social environment presents both opportunities for and challenges to strengthening the U.S. system for developing, manufacturing, regulating, distributing, funding, and administering safe and effective vaccines for all people. Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan examines the extraordinarily complex vaccine enterprise, from research and development of new vaccines to financing and reimbursement of immunization services. Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan examines the extraordinarily complex vaccine enterprise, from research and development of new vaccines to financing and reimbursement of immunization services. The book makes recommendations about priority actions in the update to the National Vaccine Plan that are intended to achieve the objectives of disease prevention and enhancement of vaccine safety. It is centered on the plan's five goals in the areas of vaccine development, safety, communication, supply and use, and global health.

Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries

Author : Dean T. Jamison
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821361805
Total Pages : 1449 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries by : Dean T. Jamison

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 1449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.

Vaccine Safety Research, Data Access, and Public Trust

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309165245
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Vaccine Safety Research, Data Access, and Public Trust by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Vaccine Safety Research, Data Access, and Public Trust written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-29 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) is a large, linked database of patient information that was developed jointly by CDC and several private managed care organizations in 1991. It includes data on vaccination histories, health outcomes, and characteristics of more than 7 million patients of eight participating health organizations. Researchers from CDC and the managed care groups have used VSD information to study whether health problems are associated with vaccinations. The subsequent VSD data sharing program was launched in 2002 to allow independent, external researchers access to information in the database. In this report, the committee that was asked to review aspects of this program recommends that two new oversight groups are needed to ensure that the policies and procedures of the VSD and its data sharing program are implemented as fairly and openly as possible.

The New Public Health

Author : Theodore H. Tulchinsky
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 012415767X
Total Pages : 911 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Public Health by : Theodore H. Tulchinsky

Download or read book The New Public Health written by Theodore H. Tulchinsky and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Public Health has established itself as a solid textbook throughout the world. Translated into 7 languages, this work distinguishes itself from other public health textbooks, which are either highly locally oriented or, if international, lack the specificity of local issues relevant to students' understanding of applied public health in their own setting. This 3e provides a unified approach to public health appropriate for all masters' level students and practitioners—specifically for courses in MPH programs, community health and preventive medicine programs, community health education programs, and community health nursing programs, as well as programs for other medical professionals such as pharmacy, physiotherapy, and other public health courses. Changes in infectious and chronic disease epidemiology including vaccines, health promotion, human resources for health and health technology Lessons from H1N1, pandemic threats, disease eradication, nutritional health Trends of health systems and reforms and consequences of current economic crisis for health Public health law, ethics, scientific d health technology advances and assessment Global Health environment, Millennium Development Goals and international NGOs

Immunization Safety Review

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309169887
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Immunization Safety Review by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Immunization Safety Review written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-07-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By two years of age, healthy infants in the United States can receive up to 20 vaccinations to protect against 11 diseases. Although most people know that vaccines effectively protect against serious infectious diseases, approximately one-quarter of parents in a recent survey believe that infants get more vaccines than are good for them, and that too many immunizations could overwhelm an infant's immune system. The Immunization Safety Review Committee reviewed the evidence regarding the hypothesis that multiple immunizations increase the risk for immune dysfunction. Specifically, the committee looked at evidence of potential biological mechanisms and at epidemiological evidence for or against causality related to risk for infections, the autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes, and allergic disorders.

Vaccine Hesitancy

Author : Maya J. Goldenberg
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 9780822966906
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (669 download)

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Book Synopsis Vaccine Hesitancy by : Maya J. Goldenberg

Download or read book Vaccine Hesitancy written by Maya J. Goldenberg and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public has voiced concern over the adverse effects of vaccines from the moment Dr. Edward Jenner introduced the first smallpox vaccine in 1796. The controversy over childhood immunization intensified in 1998, when Dr. Andrew Wakefield linked the MMR vaccine to autism. Although Wakefield’s findings were later discredited and retracted, and medical and scientific evidence suggests routine immunizations have significantly reduced life-threatening conditions like measles, whooping cough, and polio, vaccine refusal and vaccine-preventable outbreaks are on the rise. This book explores vaccine hesitancy and refusal among parents in the industrialized North. Although biomedical, public health, and popular science literature has focused on a scientifically ignorant public, the real problem, Maya J. Goldenberg argues, lies not in misunderstanding, but in mistrust. Public confidence in scientific institutions and government bodies has been shaken by fraud, research scandals, and misconduct. Her book reveals how vaccine studies sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry, compelling rhetorics from the anti-vaccine movement, and the spread of populist knowledge on social media have all contributed to a public mistrust of the scientific consensus. Importantly, it also emphasizes how historical and current discrimination in health care against marginalized communities continues to shape public perception of institutional trustworthiness. Goldenberg ultimately reframes vaccine hesitancy as a crisis of public trust rather than a war on science, arguing that having good scientific support of vaccine efficacy and safety is not enough. In a fraught communications landscape, Vaccine Hesitancy advocates for trust-building measures that focus on relationships, transparency, and justice.

Vaccines for the 21st Century

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309174988
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Vaccines for the 21st Century by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Vaccines for the 21st Century written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-21 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccines have made it possible to eradicate the scourge of smallpox, promise the same for polio, and have profoundly reduced the threat posed by other diseases such as whooping cough, measles, and meningitis. What is next? There are many pathogens, autoimmune diseases, and cancers that may be promising targets for vaccine research and development. This volume provides an analytic framework and quantitative model for evaluating disease conditions that can be applied by those setting priorities for vaccine development over the coming decades. The committee describes an approach for comparing potential new vaccines based on their impact on morbidity and mortality and on the costs of both health care and vaccine development. The book examines: Lessons to be learned from the polio experience. Scientific advances that set the stage for new vaccines. Factors that affect how vaccines are used in the population. Value judgments and ethical questions raised by comparison of health needs and benefits. The committee provides a way to compare different forms of illness and set vaccine priorities without assigning a monetary value to lives. Their recommendations will be important to anyone involved in science policy and public health planning: policymakers, regulators, health care providers, vaccine manufacturers, and researchers.

Vaccine Safety Communication

Author : WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9290617462
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Vaccine Safety Communication by : WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific

Download or read book Vaccine Safety Communication written by WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide enables effective planning and implementation of proactive communication actions to promote understanding of the importance of vaccines in preventing illness and preventable deaths and raises awareness of vaccine risks and perceptions of risk. The guide also covers prompt and effective communication in response to an adverse event following immunization (AEFI) or any other vaccine safety concerns that threaten public trust in a vaccine and compliance with the immunization programme. The guide offers systematic scientific and practical approaches tips and tools to help strengthen the capacity of the various stakeholders in planning implementing managing monitoring and evaluating and documenting communication interventions around vaccine safety issues and immunization.

Law in Public Health Practice

Author : Richard A. Goodman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019530148X
Total Pages : 609 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Law in Public Health Practice by : Richard A. Goodman

Download or read book Law in Public Health Practice written by Richard A. Goodman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continually changing health threats, technologies, science, and demographics require that public health professionals have an understanding of law sufficient to address complex new public health challenges as they come into being. Law in Public Health Practice, Second Edition provides a thorough review of the legal basis and authorities for the core elements of public health practice and solid discussions of existing and emerging high-priority areas where law and public health intersect.As in the previous edition, each chapter is authored jointly by experts in law and public health. This new edition features three completely new chapters, with several others thoroughly revised and updated. New chapters address such topics as the structure of law in US public health systems and practice, the role of the judiciary in public health, and law in chronic disease prevention and control. The chapter on public health emergencies has also been fully revised to take into account both the SARS epidemic of 2003 and the events of the Fall of 2001. The chapter now discusses topics such as the legal basis for declaring emergencies, the legal structure of mutual aid agreements, and the role of the military in emergencies. Other fully revised chapters include those on genomics, injury prevention, identifiable health information, and ethics in the practice of public health.The book begins with a section on the legal basis for public health practice, including foundations and structure of the law, discussions of the judiciary, ethics and practice of public health, and criminal law and international considerations. The second section focuses on core public health applications and the law, and includes chapters on legal counsel for public health practitioners, legal authorities for interventions in public health emergencies, and considerations for special populations. The third section discusses the law in controlling and preventing diseases, injuries, and disabilities. This section includes chapters on genomics, vaccinations, foodborne illness, STDs, reproductive health, chronic disease control, tobacco use, and occupational and environmental health.All chapters take a practical approach and are written in an accessible, user-friendly fashion. This is an excellent resource for a wide readership of public health practitioners, lawyers, and healthcare providers, as well as for educators and students of law and public health.

History of Vaccine Development

Author : Stanley A. Plotkin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441913394
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis History of Vaccine Development by : Stanley A. Plotkin

Download or read book History of Vaccine Development written by Stanley A. Plotkin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccinology, the concept of a science ranging from the study of immunology to the development and distribution of vaccines, was a word invented by Jonas Salk. This book covers the history of the methodological progress in vaccine development and to the social and ethical issues raised by vaccination. Chapters include "Jenner and the Vaccination against Smallpox," "Viral Vaccines," and "Ethical and Social Aspects of vaccines." Contributing authors include pioneers in the field, such as Samuel L. Katz and Hilary Koprowski. This history of vaccines is relatively short and many of its protagonists are still alive. This book was written by some of the chief actors in the drama whose subject matter is the conquest of epidemic disease.

The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics

Author : Anna C. Mastroianni
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190245212
Total Pages : 992 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics by : Anna C. Mastroianni

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics written by Anna C. Mastroianni and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural disasters and cholera outbreaks. Ebola, SARS, and concerns over pandemic flu. HIV and AIDS. E. coli outbreaks from contaminated produce and fast foods. Threats of bioterrorism. Contamination of compounded drugs. Vaccination refusals and outbreaks of preventable diseases. These are just some of the headlines from the last 30-plus years highlighting the essential roles and responsibilities of public health, all of which come with ethical issues and the responsibilities they create. Public health has achieved extraordinary successes. And yet these successes also bring with them ethical tension. Not all public health successes are equally distributed in the population; extraordinary health disparities between rich and poor still exist. The most successful public health programs sometimes rely on policies that, while improving public health conditions, also limit individual rights. Public health practitioners and policymakers face these and other questions of ethics routinely in their work, and they must navigate their sometimes competing responsibilities to the health of the public with other important societal values such as privacy, autonomy, and prevailing cultural norms. This Oxford Handbook provides a sweeping and comprehensive review of the current state of public health ethics, addressing these and numerous other questions. Taking account of the wide range of topics under the umbrella of public health and the ethical issues raised by them, this volume is organized into fifteen sections. It begins with two sections that discuss the conceptual foundations, ethical tensions, and ethical frameworks of and for public health and how public health does its work. The thirteen sections that follow examine the application of public health ethics considerations and approaches across a broad range of public health topics. While chapters are organized into topical sections, each chapter is designed to serve as a standalone contribution. The book includes 73 chapters covering many topics from varying perspectives, a recognition of the diversity of the issues that define public health ethics in the U.S. and globally. This Handbook is an authoritative and indispensable guide to the state of public health ethics today.

State of the World's Vaccines and Immunization

Author : J. M. Maurice
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241563869
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis State of the World's Vaccines and Immunization by : J. M. Maurice

Download or read book State of the World's Vaccines and Immunization written by J. M. Maurice and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2009-07-20 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This casebook collects 64 case studies each of which raises an important and difficult ethical issue connected with planning, reviewing or conducting health-related research. The book's purpose is to contribute to thoughtful analysis of these issues by researchers and members of research ethics committees (REC's known in some places as ethical review committees or institutional review boards) particularly those involved with studies that are conducted or sponsored internationally. . This collection is envisioned principally as a tool to aid educational programs from short workshops on research.

Canadian Immunization Guide

Author : Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780660193922
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Canadian Immunization Guide by : Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation

Download or read book Canadian Immunization Guide written by Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization.

Microbiology

Author : Nina Parker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3250 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Microbiology by : Nina Parker

Download or read book Microbiology written by Nina Parker and published by . This book was released on 2021-05-03 with total page 3250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs. This is an adaptation of Microbiology by OpenStax. You can access the textbook as pdf for free at openstax.org. Minor editorial changes were made to ensure a better ebook reading experience. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Handbook of Applied Health Economics in Vaccines

Author : David Bishai
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019264940X
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Applied Health Economics in Vaccines by : David Bishai

Download or read book Handbook of Applied Health Economics in Vaccines written by David Bishai and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-01-29 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applying economics to vaccine delivery can save money and lives. With better analytical knowledge and better skills in decision-analysis, decision makers can improve vaccination program sustainability, efficiency, and financial predictability, leading to overall improvement in health system allocative efficiency. This handbook is a practical and accessible guide to the theory, methods, and research of health economics applied to immunization, and an essential and timely addition to the series of Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation. By bringing these principles of vaccines and economics together, it is a valuable resource for public health workers, healthcare practitioners, educators, students, researchers, decision makers, and all those working in the immunization field. The handbook guides readers through this critical subject, whether they are already versed in economics or new to the subject. The handbook includes practical examples relevant to high-, middle-, and low-income settings. It offers background information on vaccines and the vaccine landscape, with relevant reviews of vaccine financing, vaccine adoption, and scaling up vaccine delivery. The handbook's main chapters are on principles, costing, economic evaluation, advanced methods, and financing and resource tracking. Summarizing both theory and applications, it is suitable for self-learning and for training and courses. Links to online exercises and resources will help readers learn and apply key insights.