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The Challenge Of Scientometrics
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Book Synopsis The Challenge of Scientometrics by : Loet Leydesdorff
Download or read book The Challenge of Scientometrics written by Loet Leydesdorff and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2001 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientometrics--the quantitative study of scientific communication--challenges science and technology studies by demonstrating that organized knowledge production and control is amenable to measurement. First, the various dimensions of the empirical study of the sciences are clarified in a methodological analysis of theoretical traditions, including the sociology of scientific knowledge and neo-conventionalism in the philosophy of science. Second, the author argues why the mathematical theory of communication enables us to address crucial problems in science and technology studies, both on the qualitative side (e.g., the significance of a reconstruction) and on the quantitative side (e.g., the prediction of indicators). A comprehensive set of probabilistic entropy measures for studying complex developments in networks is elaborated. In the third part of the study, applications to S&T policy questions (e.g., the emergence of a European R&D system), to problems of (Bayesian) knowledge representations, and to the study of the sciences in terms of 'self-organizing' paradigms of scientific communication are provided. A discussion of directions for further research concludes the study.
Book Synopsis Scientometrics for the Humanities and Social Sciences by : R. Sooryamoorthy
Download or read book Scientometrics for the Humanities and Social Sciences written by R. Sooryamoorthy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-09 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientometrics for the Humanities and Social Sciences is the first ever book on scientometrics that deals with the historical development of both quantitative and qualitative data analysis in scientometric studies. It focuses on its applicability in new and emerging areas of inquiry. This important book presents the inherent potential for data mining and analysis of qualitative data in scientometrics. The author provides select cases of scientometric studies in the humanities and social sciences, explaining their research objectives, sources of data and methodologies. It illustrates how data can be gathered not only from prominent online databases and repositories, but also from journals that are not stored in these databases. With the support of specific examples, the book shows how data on demographic variables can be collected to supplement scientometric data. The book deals with a research methodology which has an increasing applicability not only to the study of science, but also to the study of the disciplines in the humanities and social sciences.
Book Synopsis Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators by : Wolfgang Glänzel
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators written by Wolfgang Glänzel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 1103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook presents the state of the art of quantitative methods and models to understand and assess the science and technology system. Focusing on various aspects of the development and application of indicators derived from data on scholarly publications, patents and electronic communications, the individual chapters, written by leading experts, discuss theoretical and methodological issues, illustrate applications, highlight their policy context and relevance, and point to future research directions. A substantial portion of the book is dedicated to detailed descriptions and analyses of data sources, presenting both traditional and advanced approaches. It addresses the main bibliographic metrics and indexes, such as the journal impact factor and the h-index, as well as altmetric and webometric indicators and science mapping techniques on different levels of aggregation and in the context of their value for the assessment of research performance as well as their impact on research policy and society. It also presents and critically discusses various national research evaluation systems. Complementing the sections reflecting on the science system, the technology section includes multiple chapters that explain different aspects of patent statistics, patent classification and database search methods to retrieve patent-related information. In addition, it examines the relevance of trademarks and standards as additional technological indicators. The Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators is an invaluable resource for practitioners, scientists and policy makers wanting a systematic and thorough analysis of the potential and limitations of the various approaches to assess research and research performance.
Book Synopsis The Collaborative Era in Science by : Caroline S. Wagner
Download or read book The Collaborative Era in Science written by Caroline S. Wagner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-25 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years a global network of science has emerged as a result of thousands of individual scientists seeking to collaborate with colleagues around the world, creating a network which rises above national systems. The globalization of science is part of the underlying shift in knowledge creation generally: the collaborative era in science. Over the past decade, the growth in the amount of knowledge and the speed at which it is available has created a fundamental shift—where data, information, and knowledge were once scarce resources, they are now abundantly available. Collaboration, openness, customer- or problem-focused research and development, altruism, and reciprocity are notable features of abundance, and they create challenges that economists have not yet studied. This book defines the collaborative era, describes how it came to be, reveals its internal dynamics, and demonstrates how real-world practitioners are changing to take advantage of it. Most importantly, the book lays out a guide for policymakers and entrepreneurs as they shift perspectives to take advantage of the collaborative era in order to create social and economic welfare.
Book Synopsis Science Dynamics and Research Production by : Nikolay K. Vitanov
Download or read book Science Dynamics and Research Production written by Nikolay K. Vitanov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with methods to evaluate scientific productivity. In the book statistical methods, deterministic and stochastic models and numerous indexes are discussed that will help the reader to understand the nonlinear science dynamics and to be able to develop or construct systems for appropriate evaluation of research productivity and management of research groups and organizations. The dynamics of science structures and systems is complex, and the evaluation of research productivity requires a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and measures. The book has three parts. The first part is devoted to mathematical models describing the importance of science for economic growth and systems for the evaluation of research organizations of different size. The second part contains descriptions and discussions of numerous indexes for the evaluation of the productivity of researchers and groups of researchers of different size (up to the comparison of research productivities of research communities of nations). Part three contains discussions of non-Gaussian laws connected to scientific productivity and presents various deterministic and stochastic models of science dynamics and research productivity. The book shows that many famous fat tail distributions as well as many deterministic and stochastic models and processes, which are well known from physics, theory of extreme events or population dynamics, occur also in the description of dynamics of scientific systems and in the description of the characteristics of research productivity. This is not a surprise as scientific systems are nonlinear, open and dissipative.
Download or read book Scientometrics written by Mari Jibu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-07-18 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological change is one of the greatest issues in the modern world. As the world faces societal challenges, e.g., climate challenges, aging problem, and energy security, technology will contribute to new or better solutions for those problems. New technologies take time to develop and mature; moreover, they tend to be born in the gaps of multiple technology fields; therefore, early detection of emerging technological concepts across multiple disciplines will be a very important issue. Our goal seeks to develop automated methods that aid in the systematic, continuous, and comprehensive assessment of technological emergence using one of the major foresight exercises, scientometrics. There is now a huge flood of scientific and technical information, especially scientific publications and patent information. Using the information patterns of emergence for technological concepts has been discovered and theories of technical emergence have been also developed in several years. We have been developing visualization tools in which thousands of technical areas have been interacted with each other and evolved in time. Several indicators of technical emergence have been improved by universities, international organizations, and funding agencies. This book intends to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in scientometrics that focuses on the systematic, continuous, and comprehensive assessment of technological emergence.
Book Synopsis Models of Science Dynamics by : Andrea Scharnhorst
Download or read book Models of Science Dynamics written by Andrea Scharnhorst and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-23 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models of Science Dynamics aims to capture the structure and evolution of science, the emerging arena in which scholars, science and the communication of science become themselves the basic objects of research. In order to capture the essence of phenomena as diverse as the structure of co-authorship networks or the evolution of citation diffusion patterns, such models can be represented by conceptual models based on historical and ethnographic observations, mathematical descriptions of measurable phenomena, or computational algorithms. Despite its evident importance, the mathematical modeling of science still lacks a unifying framework and a comprehensive study of the topic. This volume fills this gap, reviewing and describing major threads in the mathematical modeling of science dynamics for a wider academic and professional audience. The model classes presented cover stochastic and statistical models, system-dynamics approaches, agent-based simulations, population-dynamics models, and complex-network models. The book comprises an introduction and a foundational chapter that defines and operationalizes terminology used in the study of science, as well as a review chapter that discusses the history of mathematical approaches to modeling science from an algorithmic-historiography perspective. It concludes with a survey of remaining challenges for future science models and their relevance for science and science policy.
Book Synopsis Scientonomy: The Challenges of Constructing a Theory of Scientific Change by : Hakob Barseghyan
Download or read book Scientonomy: The Challenges of Constructing a Theory of Scientific Change written by Hakob Barseghyan and published by Vernon Press. This book was released on 2022-02-08 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the so-called ‘historical turn’ in the philosophy of science, philosophers and historians boldly argued for general patterns throughout the history of science. From Kuhn’s landmark "Structure of Scientific Revolutions" until the "Scrutinizing Science" project led by Larry Laudan, there was optimism that there could be a general theoretical approach to understanding the process of scientific change. This optimism gradually faded as historians and philosophers began to focus on the details of specific case studies located within idiosyncratic historical, cultural, and political contexts, and abandoned attempts to uncover general patterns of how scientific theories and methods change through time. Recent research has suggested that while we have learned a great deal about the diversity and complexity of scientific practices across history, the push to abandon hope for a broader understanding of scientific change was premature. Because of this, philosophers, historians, and social scientists have become interested in reviving the project of understanding the mechanism of scientific change while respecting the diversity and complexity that has been unveiled by careful historical research over the past few decades. The chapters in this volume consider a particular proposal for a general theory of how scientific theories and methods change over time, first articulated by Hakob Barseghyan in "The Laws of Scientific Change" and since developed in a series of papers by a variety of members of the scientonomy community. The chapters consider a wide range of issues, from conceptual and historical challenges to the posited intellectual patterns in the history of science, to the possibility of constructing a general theory of scientific change, to begin with. Offering a new take on the project of constructing a theory of scientific change and integrating historical, philosophical, and social studies of science, this volume will be of interest to historians, philosophers, and sociologists of science.
Book Synopsis Bibliometrics and Citation Analysis by : Nicola De Bellis
Download or read book Bibliometrics and Citation Analysis written by Nicola De Bellis and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2009-03-09 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can the methods of science be directed toward science itself? How did it happen that scientists, scientific documents, and their bibliographic links came to be regarded as mathematical variables in abstract models of scientific communication? What is the role of quantitative analyses of scientific and technical documentation in current science policy and management? Bibliometrics and Citation Analysis: From the Science Citation Index to Cybermetrics answers these questions through a comprehensive overview of theories, techniques, concepts, and applications in the interdisciplinary and steadily growing field of bibliometrics. Since citation indexes came into the limelight during the mid-1960s, citation networks have become increasingly important for many different research fields. The book begins by investigating the empirical, philosophical, and mathematical foundations of bibliometrics, including its beginnings with the Science Citation Index, the theoretical framework behind it, and its mathematical underpinnings. It then examines the application of bibliometrics and citation analysis in the sciences and science studies, especially the sociology of science and science policy. Finally it provides a view of the future of bibliometrics, exploring in detail the ongoing extension of bibliometric methods to the structure and dynamics of the World Wide Web. This book gives newcomers to the field of bibliometrics an accessible entry point to an entire research tradition otherwise scattered through a vast amount of journal literature. At the same time, it brings to the forefront the cross-disciplinary linkages between the various fields (sociology, philosophy, mathematics, politics) that intersect at the crossroads of citation analysis. Because of its discursive and interdisciplinary approach, the book is useful to those in every area of scholarship involved in the quantitative analysis of information exchanges, but also to science historians and general readers who simply wish to familiarize them
Book Synopsis Annual Review of Information Science and Technology by : Blaise Cronin
Download or read book Annual Review of Information Science and Technology written by Blaise Cronin and published by Information Today, Inc.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ARIST, published annually since 1966, is a landmark publication within the information science community. It surveys the landscape of information science and technology, providing an analytical, authoritative, and accessible overview of recent trends and significant developments. The range of topics varies considerably, reflecting the dynamism of the discipline and the diversity of theoretical and applied perspectives. While ARIST continues to cover key topics associated with classical information science (e.g., bibliometrics, information retrieval), editor Blaise Cronin is selectively expanding its footprint in an effort to connect information science more tightly with cognate academic and professional communities.
Book Synopsis Information Science in Theory and Practice by : Alina Vickery
Download or read book Information Science in Theory and Practice written by Alina Vickery and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2005-04-25 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Information Science in Theory and Practice".
Book Synopsis Scientometrics for the Humanities and Social Sciences by : R. Sooryamoorthy
Download or read book Scientometrics for the Humanities and Social Sciences written by R. Sooryamoorthy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-09 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientometrics for the Humanities and Social Sciences is the first ever book on scientometrics that deals with the historical development of both quantitative and qualitative data analysis in scientometric studies. It focuses on its applicability in new and emerging areas of inquiry. This important book presents the inherent potential for data mining and analysis of qualitative data in scientometrics. The author provides select cases of scientometric studies in the humanities and social sciences, explaining their research objectives, sources of data and methodologies. It illustrates how data can be gathered not only from prominent online databases and repositories, but also from journals that are not stored in these databases. With the support of specific examples, the book shows how data on demographic variables can be collected to supplement scientometric data. The book deals with a research methodology which has an increasing applicability not only to the study of science, but also to the study of the disciplines in the humanities and social sciences.
Book Synopsis Co-Designing Science in Africa by : UNESCO
Download or read book Co-Designing Science in Africa written by UNESCO and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-28 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scholarly Content and Its Evolution by Scientometric Indicators: Emerging Research and Opportunities by : Wani, Zahid Ashraf
Download or read book Scholarly Content and Its Evolution by Scientometric Indicators: Emerging Research and Opportunities written by Wani, Zahid Ashraf and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-08-03 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twenty-first century brought unique developments in science and technology. Research surged as individuals sought to uncover hidden knowledge, leading to the introduction of research evaluation to ensure precise and fair research output and dissemination. Scholarly Content and Its Evolution by Scientometric Indicators: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the application of research evaluation, specifically through the lens of scientometrics. While highlighting topics such as bibliometrics and the h-index, this publication explores a full range of research indicators available for the evaluation and assessment of scientific literature. This book is ideally designed for scholars, professors, academicians, researchers, and graduate-level students seeking current research on metric science.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Bibliometric Indicators by : Roberto Todeschini
Download or read book Handbook of Bibliometric Indicators written by Roberto Todeschini and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-04 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At last, the first systematic guide to the growing jungle of citation indices and other bibliometric indicators. Written with the aim of providing a complete and unbiased overview of all available statistical measures for scientific productivity, the core of this reference is an alphabetical dictionary of indices and other algorithms used to evaluate the importance and impact of researchers and their institutions. In 150 major articles, the authors describe all indices in strictly mathematical terms without passing judgement on their relative merit. From widely used measures, such as the journal impact factor or the h-index, to highly specialized indices, all indicators currently in use in the sciences and humanities are described, and their application explained. The introductory section and the appendix contain a wealth of valuable supporting information on data sources, tools and techniques for bibliometric and scientometric analysis - for individual researchers as well as their funders and publishers.
Book Synopsis Mining Author Cocitation Data with SAS Enterprise Guide by : Mohamed Ridda Laouar
Download or read book Mining Author Cocitation Data with SAS Enterprise Guide written by Mohamed Ridda Laouar and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author cocitation analysis (ACA) is a subfield of informetrics, which is a broader term referring to the quantitative study of retrieval and processing bibliometric data collected from all types of communication media, including journals, books, and conference proceedings. While ACA is one of the few research methodologies that transcend the individual field of inquiry, and despite its usefulness and capabilities to reveal a larger vista hidden in bibliographic databases, it is not a particularly popular research tool in some academic disciplines. This book covers all essential ACA topics for graduate students and researchers who want to learn the basics and the research techniques to delineate the intellectual structure of various academic disciplines, compare cumulative research traditions, demonstrate theoretical differences between competing approaches, and to trace a paradigm shift in various academic disciplines over time.
Book Synopsis Advanced AI and Internet of Health Things for Combating Pandemics by : Mohamed Lahby
Download or read book Advanced AI and Internet of Health Things for Combating Pandemics written by Mohamed Lahby and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-24 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest research, theoretical methods, and novel applications in the field of Health 5.0. The authors focus on combating COVID-19 or other pandemics through facilitating various technological services. The authors discuss new models, practical solutions, and technological advances related to detecting and analyzing COVID-19 or other pandemic based on machine intelligence models and communication technologies. The aim of the coverage is to help decision-makers, managers, professionals, and researchers design new paradigms considering the unique opportunities associated with computational intelligence and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). This book emphasizes the need to analyze all the information through studies and research carried out in the field of computational intelligence, communication networks, and presents the best solutions to combat COVID and other pandemics.
