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The British Computer Industry
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Book Synopsis The British Computer Industry by : Tim Kelly
Download or read book The British Computer Industry written by Tim Kelly and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-26 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1987, this book explores the history and geography of the computer industry in Britain and the evolution of the market leader firms, STC ICL and IBM (UK). It also examines the rising rate of new firm formation in the 1980s and the technology policies adopted by successive governments and analyses how well the industry is placed to cope with the challenges of technological change and increased international competition.
Book Synopsis Programmed Inequality by : Mar Hicks
Download or read book Programmed Inequality written by Mar Hicks and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-02-23 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This “sobering tale of the real consequences of gender bias” explores how Britain lost its early dominance in computing by systematically discriminating against its most qualified workers: women (Harvard Magazine) In 1944, Britain led the world in electronic computing. By 1974, the British computer industry was all but extinct. What happened in the intervening thirty years holds lessons for all postindustrial superpowers. As Britain struggled to use technology to retain its global power, the nation’s inability to manage its technical labor force hobbled its transition into the information age. In Programmed Inequality, Mar Hicks explores the story of labor feminization and gendered technocracy that undercut British efforts to computerize. That failure sprang from the government’s systematic neglect of its largest trained technical workforce simply because they were women. Women were a hidden engine of growth in high technology from World War II to the 1960s. As computing experienced a gender flip, becoming male-identified in the 1960s and 1970s, labor problems grew into structural ones and gender discrimination caused the nation’s largest computer user—the civil service and sprawling public sector—to make decisions that were disastrous for the British computer industry and the nation as a whole. Drawing on recently opened government files, personal interviews, and the archives of major British computer companies, Programmed Inequality takes aim at the fiction of technological meritocracy. Hicks explains why, even today, possessing technical skill is not enough to ensure that women will rise to the top in science and technology fields. Programmed Inequality shows how the disappearance of women from the field had grave macroeconomic consequences for Britain, and why the United States risks repeating those errors in the twenty-first century.
Book Synopsis Early British Computers by : Simon Hugh Lavington
Download or read book Early British Computers written by Simon Hugh Lavington and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis From Mainframes to Smartphones by : Martin Campbell-Kelly
Download or read book From Mainframes to Smartphones written by Martin Campbell-Kelly and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compact history traces the computer industry from its origins in 1950s mainframes, through the establishment of standards beginning in 1965 and the introduction of personal computing in the 1980s. It concludes with the Internet’s explosive growth since 1995. Across these four periods, Martin Campbell-Kelly and Daniel Garcia-Swartz describe the steady trend toward miniaturization and explain its consequences for the bundles of interacting components that make up a computer system. With miniaturization, the price of computation fell and entry into the industry became less costly. Companies supplying different components learned to cooperate even as they competed with other businesses for market share. Simultaneously with miniaturization—and equally consequential—the core of the computer industry shifted from hardware to software and services. Companies that failed to adapt to this trend were left behind. Governments did not turn a blind eye to the activities of entrepreneurs. The U.S. government was the major customer for computers in the early years. Several European governments subsidized private corporations, and Japan fostered R&D in private firms while protecting its domestic market from foreign competition. From Mainframes to Smartphones is international in scope and broad in its purview of this revolutionary industry.
Book Synopsis The Early Computer Industry by : A. Gandy
Download or read book The Early Computer Industry written by A. Gandy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-30 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uses case studies to explore why large scale electronics failed to win a leadership position in the early computer industry and why IBM, a firm with a heritage in the business machines industry, succeeded. The cases cover both the US and the UK industry focusing on electronics giants GE, RCA, English Electric, EMI and Ferranti.
Book Synopsis The American Computer Industry in Its International Competitive Environment by : United States. Bureau of Domestic Commerce
Download or read book The American Computer Industry in Its International Competitive Environment written by United States. Bureau of Domestic Commerce and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Computer Industry in the United Kingdom 1966-67 by : James N. Carr
Download or read book The Computer Industry in the United Kingdom 1966-67 written by James N. Carr and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1090 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis The Industrial Reorganization Act: The computer industry by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly
Download or read book The Industrial Reorganization Act: The computer industry written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1090 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Overseas Business Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis United States Foreign Trade ... Annual by :
Download or read book United States Foreign Trade ... Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 1002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis History of Computing in Education by : J.A.N. Lee
Download or read book History of Computing in Education written by J.A.N. Lee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-07-27 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work derives from a conference discussing the history of computing in education. This conference is the first of hopefully a series of conferences that will take place within the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and hence, we describe it as the First Conference on the History of Computing in Education (HCE1). These proceedings represent a collection of works presented at the HCE1 Conference held in association with the IFIP 2004 World Computer Congress held in Toulouse, France. Contributions to this volume range from a wide variety of educational perspectives and represent activities from four continents. The HCE1 conference represents a joint effort of the IFIP Working Group 9.7 on the History of Computing and the IFIP Technical Committee 3 on Education. The HCE1 Conference brings to light a broad spectrum of issues and spans fourcontinents. It illustrates topics in computing education as they occurred in the “early days” of computing whose ramifications or overtones remain with us today. Indeed, many of the early challenges remain part of our educational tapestry; most likely, many will evolve into future challenges. Therefore, this work provides additional value to the reader as it will reflect in part the future development of computing in education to stimulate new ideas and models in educational development.
Book Synopsis Japan's Computer and Communications Industry by : Martin Fransman
Download or read book Japan's Computer and Communications Industry written by Martin Fransman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1995 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computers, telecommunications equipment, semiconductors - the products and technologies of the information and communications (IC) industry have transformed our world. Most of these products were initially developed in Western countries, but by the early 1990s some of the world's largestcompanies in the field were Japanese. This book explains the resurgence of Japan's IC giants, their global status, and their strengths and weaknesses. Empirical scrutiny of their evolution is the author's own theory of the most appropriate method for studying the dynamics of long-term industrialchange. While the Japanese motor vehicle and consumer electronics industries have been relatively well analysed, there are no comprehensive up-to-date studies of the Japanese IC industry. This book addresses the questions consequently left unanswered: How were Japanese IC companies able tocatch up with their western rivals--and in some cases overtake them? How have Japanese IC companies responded to the post-IBM world of computing? Why do they remain primarily dependent on the Japanese market? Why do they combine competences in computers, semiconductors, and telecommunicationsequipment, while their US counterparts are far more specialized? What role has been played by the Japanese government and the system of controlled competition in their success? Will Japanese IC companies become increasingly competitive internationally in the future? The author extends theevolutionary approach to the organization of the firm and industry developed by such writers as Schumpeter, Nelson, Winter, and Chandler. He argues that in order to understand the evolution of companies and industries, it is necessary to create a theory of the firm capable of encompassing thedevelopment of real firms in the real world in real time. This approach stresses the importance of the beliefs that are constructed in the firm under conditions of 'interpretive ambiguity', which guide the firm's decisions and its reactions to new technologies. Lengthy analyses of NEC and NTT (byfar the world's largest company in terms of market value; its future currently under government scrutiny), and of the computing, switiching, and optical fibre industries, illustrate these concepts. Based on over 600 personal interviews over eight years with Japanese leaders, this book providesimportant new material on the past, present, and future of Japanese industry.
Book Synopsis Britain Since 1945 by : Jonathan Hollowell
Download or read book Britain Since 1945 written by Jonathan Hollowell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of Britain's development since the end of the Second World War. It comprises 23 contributions from leading authorities and newer scholars, set in context with a foreword by Raymond Seitz. A comprehensive and fascinating introduction to Britain from the end of the Second World War Draws together the themes that have dominated discussion amongst scholars and media commentators The chapters are set in context with a foreword by Raymond Seitz Covers topics such as foreigh policy, political parties, the media, race relations, women and social change, science and IT, culture, industrial relations, the welfare state, and political and economic issues in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland
Book Synopsis Prophets of Computing by : Dick van Lente
Download or read book Prophets of Computing written by Dick van Lente and published by Morgan & Claypool. This book was released on 2022-12-14 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When electronic digital computers first appeared after World War II, they appeared as a revolutionary force. Business management, the world of work, administrative life, the nation state, and soon enough everyday life were expected to change dramatically with these machines’ use. Ever since, diverse prophecies of computing have continually emerged, through to the present day. As computing spread beyond the US and UK, such prophecies emerged from strikingly different economic, political, and cultural conditions. This volume explores how these expectations differed, assesses unexpected commonalities, and suggests ways to understand the divergences and convergences. This book examines thirteen countries, based on source material in ten different languages—the effort of an international team of scholars. In addition to analyses of debates, political changes, and popular speculations, we also show a wide range of pictorial representations of "the future with computers."
Book Synopsis What the Dormouse Said by : John Markoff
Download or read book What the Dormouse Said written by John Markoff and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2005-04-21 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “This makes entertaining reading. Many accounts of the birth of personal computing have been written, but this is the first close look at the drug habits of the earliest pioneers.” —New York Times Most histories of the personal computer industry focus on technology or business. John Markoff’s landmark book is about the culture and consciousness behind the first PCs—the culture being counter– and the consciousness expanded, sometimes chemically. It’s a brilliant evocation of Stanford, California, in the 1960s and ’70s, where a group of visionaries set out to turn computers into a means for freeing minds and information. In these pages one encounters Ken Kesey and the phone hacker Cap’n Crunch, est and LSD, The Whole Earth Catalog and the Homebrew Computer Lab. What the Dormouse Said is a poignant, funny, and inspiring book by one of the smartest technology writers around.
Book Synopsis From Airline Reservations to Sonic the Hedgehog by : Martin Campbell-Kelly
Download or read book From Airline Reservations to Sonic the Hedgehog written by Martin Campbell-Kelly and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-02-27 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A business history of the software industry from the days of custom programming to the age of mass-market software and video games. From its first glimmerings in the 1950s, the software industry has evolved to become the fourth largest industrial sector of the US economy. Starting with a handful of software contractors who produced specialized programs for the few existing machines, the industry grew to include producers of corporate software packages and then makers of mass-market products and recreational software. This book tells the story of each of these types of firm, focusing on the products they developed, the business models they followed, and the markets they served. By describing the breadth of this industry, Martin Campbell-Kelly corrects the popular misconception that one firm is at the center of the software universe. He also tells the story of lucrative software products such as IBM's CICS and SAP's R/3, which, though little known to the general public, lie at the heart of today's information infrastructure.With its wealth of industry data and its thoughtful judgments, this book will become a starting point for all future investigations of this fundamental component of computer history.
Book Synopsis IBM's Early Computers by : Charles J. Bashe
Download or read book IBM's Early Computers written by Charles J. Bashe and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 1985-12-03 with total page 735 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges faced by IBM's research and development laboratories, the technological paths they chose, and how these choices affected the company and the computer industry.
