The Autoignition Characteristics Of Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engines With Exhaust Gas Recirculation

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The Autoignition Characteristics of Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engines with Exhaust Gas Recirculation

Author : Jacob Elijah McKenzie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis The Autoignition Characteristics of Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engines with Exhaust Gas Recirculation by : Jacob Elijah McKenzie

Download or read book The Autoignition Characteristics of Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engines with Exhaust Gas Recirculation written by Jacob Elijah McKenzie and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The societal demand for vehicles with high efficiency and low emissions has spurred considerable changes to the automotive internal combustion engine within the past decade. Reductions in the displacement volume and increases in maximum output per unit of displacement are among the characteristics adopted to meet the fuel economy targets of world governments. However, the extent to which these changes in engine configuration may be pursued in search of efficiency is limited by several fundamental phenomena. The intent of this research project is to investigate the modeling of one of these phenomena - the autoignition of an unburned portion of the air-fuel mixture - and a potential strategy intended to delay the occurrence of this frequently damaging type of combustion reaction. The autoignition abatement approach studied entails the recirculation of burned exhaust gasses which serve to dilute the air-fuel mixture and reduce maximum unburned gas temperatures Experimental testing was performed on two different types of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system - one which extracts exhaust gases from upstream of the catalytic converter and another which extracts gases from downstream - in order to determine if the changes in composition that occur across the catalyst affect the autoignition abatement characteristics of the recirculated exhaust. This testing indicated that differences between the alternative installations are dominated by changes in the flow dynamics of the exhaust system, with no definite changes attributable to compositional differences. An empirical method of predicting the occurrence of autoignition using experimental data was then developed based on an approach originally proposed by Livengood and Wu. Ignition delay correlations were developed that provide accurate autoignition prediction over a range of speeds, loads, air-fuel equivalence ratios and dilution rates. Additionally, a new statistical model for autoignition is proposed that captures the cycle-to-cycle variation in autoignition intensity and relates these variations to the thermodynamic state of the charge.

Combustion Characteristics of Turbo Charged DISI-engines

Author : Henrik Hoffmeyer
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN 13 : 3832530797
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Combustion Characteristics of Turbo Charged DISI-engines by : Henrik Hoffmeyer

Download or read book Combustion Characteristics of Turbo Charged DISI-engines written by Henrik Hoffmeyer and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2012 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of progress in the development of alternative powertrain systems and energy sources, the internal combustion and all its derivates still are and will be the main powertrain for automobiles. In SI-engines, several approaches compete with each other like the controlled auto ignition (CAI or HCCI), throttle-free load control using variable valvetrains, stratified mixture formation with lean engine operation or highly turbo charged downsizing concepts all combined with gasoline direct injection. The presented work makes a contribution for a deeper understanding of the combustion process of a turbo charged direct injection engine operating with external EGR as well as lean stratified mixture. Using detailed test bench investigations and introducing a new optical measurement tool, the combustion process is described in detail focusing on the occurrence of non-premixed combustion phenomena. The influence of engine parameters like global and local air-/fuel ratio, external EGR and fuel rail pressure as well as the influence of fuel parameters are discussed giving a characterization of the combustion process of stratified engine operation. Furthermore, the influences of non-inert exhaust gas components on engine knock tendency are investigated using external EGR with an EGR catalyst. Opposing the results to numerical analysis, combustion characteristics of turbo charged DISI-engines are presented.

Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309216389
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.

Effects of Different Fuels on a Turbocharged, Direct Injection, Spark Ignition Engine

Author : Justin E. Negrete
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (676 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Different Fuels on a Turbocharged, Direct Injection, Spark Ignition Engine by : Justin E. Negrete

Download or read book Effects of Different Fuels on a Turbocharged, Direct Injection, Spark Ignition Engine written by Justin E. Negrete and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The following pages describe the experimentation and analysis of two different fuels in GM's high compression ratio, turbocharged direct injection (TDI) engine. The focus is on a burn rate analysis for the fuels - gasoline and E85 - at varying intake air temperatures. The results are aimed at aiding in a subsequent study that will look at the benefits of direct injection in turbocharged engines, ethanol's knock suppression properties, and the effects of ethanol concentration in gasoline/ethanol blends. Spark sweeps were performed for each fuel/temperature combination to find the knock limit and to assess each fuels' sensitivity to spark timing and temperature. The findings were that E85 has lower sensitivity to spark timing in terms of NIMEP loss for deviation from MBT timing. A 5% loss in NIMEP was seen at 3° of spark advance or retard for gasoline, whereas E85 took 5' to realize the same drop in NIMEP. Gasoline was also much more sensitive to intake air temperature changes than E85. Increasing the intake air temperature for gasoline decreased the peak pressure, however, knock onset began earlier for the higher temperatures, indicating that end-gas autoignition is more dependent on temperature than pressure. E85's peak pressure sensitivity to spark timing was found to be about 50% lower than that of gasoline and it displayed much higher knock resistance, not knocking until the intake air temperature was 130°C with spark timing of 30° bTDC. These results give some insight into the effectiveness of ethanol to improve gasoline's anti-knock index. Future experiments will aim to quantify charge cooling and anti-knock properties, and determine how ethanol concentration in gasoline/ethanol blends effects this knock suppression ability.

Analysis of the Combustion Process of an Automotive Spark Ignition Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation

Author : Philip H. Nusz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (221 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis of the Combustion Process of an Automotive Spark Ignition Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation by : Philip H. Nusz

Download or read book Analysis of the Combustion Process of an Automotive Spark Ignition Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation written by Philip H. Nusz and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309373913
Total Pages : 812 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles by : National Research Council

Download or read book Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Predicting NOx Emissions and Effects of Exhuast Gas Recirculation in Spark-ignition Engines

Author : Kunihiko Komiyama
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Predicting NOx Emissions and Effects of Exhuast Gas Recirculation in Spark-ignition Engines by : Kunihiko Komiyama

Download or read book Predicting NOx Emissions and Effects of Exhuast Gas Recirculation in Spark-ignition Engines written by Kunihiko Komiyama and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Performance Characteristics of a Lean Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Methanol

Author : Gregory Michael Pannone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance Characteristics of a Lean Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Methanol by : Gregory Michael Pannone

Download or read book Performance Characteristics of a Lean Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Methanol written by Gregory Michael Pannone and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Turbocharged Spark-ignition Engine for Low Exhaust Emissions

Author : John F. Schweikert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis A Turbocharged Spark-ignition Engine for Low Exhaust Emissions by : John F. Schweikert

Download or read book A Turbocharged Spark-ignition Engine for Low Exhaust Emissions written by John F. Schweikert and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Control Strategy for Hydrocarbon Emissions in Turbocharged Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engines During Cold-start

Author : Kevin David Cedrone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Control Strategy for Hydrocarbon Emissions in Turbocharged Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engines During Cold-start by : Kevin David Cedrone

Download or read book Control Strategy for Hydrocarbon Emissions in Turbocharged Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engines During Cold-start written by Kevin David Cedrone and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gasoline consumption and pollutant emissions from transportation are costly and have serious, demonstrated environmental and health impacts. Downsized, turbocharged direct-injection spark ignition (DISI) gasoline engines consume less fuel and achieve superior performance compared with conventional port fuel injected spark ignition (PFI-SI) engines. Although more efficient, turbocharged DISI engines have new emissions challenges during cold start. DISI fuel injection delivers more liquid fuel into the combustion chamber, increasing the emissions of unburned hydrocarbons. The turbocharger slows down activation (warm-up) of the catalytic exhaust after-treatment system. The objective of this research is to find a control strategy that: 1. Accelerates warm-up of the catalyst, and 2. Maintains low emissions of unburned hydrocarbons (UBHCs) during the catalyst warm-up process. This research includes a broad experimental survey of engine behaviour and emission response for a modern turbocharged DISI engine. The study focuses on the idle period during cold-start for which DISI engine emissions are worst. Engine experiments and simulations show that late and slow combustion lead to high exhaust gas temperatures and mass flow rate for fast warm-up. However, late and slow combustion increase the risk of partial-burn misfire. At the misfire limit for each parameter, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. Late ignition timing is the most effective way to increase exhaust enthalpy flow rate for fast catalyst warm-up. 2. By creating a favourable spatial fuel-air mixture stratification, split fuel injection can simultaneously retard and stabilize combustion to improve emissions and prevent partial-burn misfire. 3. Excessive trapped residuals from long valve overlap limit the potential for valve timing to reduce cold-start emissions. 4. Despite their more challenging evaporation characteristics, fuel blends with high ethanol content showed reasonable emissions behaviour and greater tolerance to late combustion than neat gasoline. 5. Higher exhaust back-pressure leads to high exhaust temperature during the exhaust stroke, leading to significantly more post-flame oxidation. 6. Post-flame oxidation in the combustion chamber and exhaust system play a critical role in decreasing the quantity of catalyst-in emissions due to hydrocarbons that escape primary (flame) combustion. A cold start strategy combining late ignition, 15% excess air, and high exhaust backpressure yielded the lowest cumulative hydrocarbon emissions during cold start.

Mixture Formation in Spark-Ignition Engines

Author : Hans Peter Lenz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 148992762X
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Mixture Formation in Spark-Ignition Engines by : Hans Peter Lenz

Download or read book Mixture Formation in Spark-Ignition Engines written by Hans Peter Lenz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twentyfour years have gone by since the publication of K. Lohner and H. Muller's comprehen sive work "Gemischbildung und Verbrennung im Ottomotor" in 1967 [1.1]' Naturally, the field of mixture formation and combustion in the spark-ignition engine has wit nessed great technological advances and many new findings in the intervening years, so that the time seemed ripe for presenting a summary of recent research and developments. There fore, I gladly took up the suggestion of the editors of this series of books, Professor Dr. H. List and Professor Dr. A. Pischinger, to write a book summarizing the present state of the art. A center of activity of the Institute of Internal-Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering at the Vienna Technical University, which I am heading, is the field of mixture formation -there fore, many new results that have been achieved in this area in collaboration with the respective industry have been included in this volume. The basic principles of combustion are discussed only to that extent which seemect necessary for an understanding of the effects of mixture formation. The focal point of this volume is the mixture formation in spark-ignition engines, covering both the theory and actual design of the mixture formation units and appropriate intake manifolds. Also, the related measurement technology is explained in this work.

Knock Mitigation on Boosted Controlled Auto-Ignition Engines with Fuel Stratification and Exhaust Gas Recycling

Author : Wen Sang (Ph. D.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Knock Mitigation on Boosted Controlled Auto-Ignition Engines with Fuel Stratification and Exhaust Gas Recycling by : Wen Sang (Ph. D.)

Download or read book Knock Mitigation on Boosted Controlled Auto-Ignition Engines with Fuel Stratification and Exhaust Gas Recycling written by Wen Sang (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research is carried out to understand the mechanism of using fuel stratification and Exhaust Gas Recycling (EGR) for knock mitigation on boosted Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAl) engines. Experiments were first conducted on Rapid Compression Machine (RCM) to profile the ignition characteristic of the specific fuel used, and to explain the dilution effects of air and inert gas. Then the effect of fuel stratification and EGR were systematically examined on a production engine (modified 1.9 L Renault F9Q B800 common rail diesel engine) based test bench. The engine performance was interpreted with the auto-ignition fundamentals to sort out the intrinsic links among CAI engine knock propensity, engine operational parameters, and fuel stratification as well as EGR dilution extent. The nature of CAI engine knock, the metric of the phenomenon, and the theoretical rationales behind using fuel stratification and EGR for heat release control are reviewed before the experiment results are reported. RCM tests show that the sensitivity of fuel ignition delay to equivalence ratio varies with the ignition temperature, and higher sensitivity in the NTC region is preferred to make fuel stratification useful. With fixed fuel concentration, air dilution slightly reduces the ignition delay, while inert gas dilution could increase the ignition delay by a factor of 5. Inert gas dilution was found slowing down the fast heat release effectively for ignition temperature around NTC region. This indicates strong effect of EGR for CAI combustion knock mitigation. Engine tests demonstrates that fuel stratification has high potential for CAI knock mitigation, but its effect heavily depends on the extent of fuel stratification, engine configuration, and in-cylinder conditions. While 80% improvement on knock performance can be achieved with mid-compression stroke direct injection (DI), 400% higher knock intensity could also occur for late Dl. EGR was found effective in retarding combustion phasing and reducing knock intensity, attribute to its effect on both in-cylinder temperature control and heat release curbing, yet misfire could happen with too much EGR. With dual injections, the ratio of premixed fuel to directly injected fuel decreases the effect of fuel stratification in all aspects. Higher intake temperature deteriorates the knock performance. Higher engine speed retards the combustion phasing and enhances the fuel stratification extent and effect. Analysis shows that CAI knock tendency is largely determined by the in-cylinder temperature governed by combustion phasing, and many factors directly or indirectly influences the results. The primary effect of fuel stratification is on combustion phasing, although the heat release rate is also affected at the same combustion phasing. To better take advantage of fuel stratification and EGR for CAI knock mitigation, the engine operating parameters have to be in the right range. This research work could serve as a reference for future development of CAI engines with capability of knock free high load operations.

SI Combustion

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780768011661
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis SI Combustion by :

Download or read book SI Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Turbocharging Performance Handbook

Author : Jeff Hartman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781610592314
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (923 download)

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Book Synopsis Turbocharging Performance Handbook by : Jeff Hartman

Download or read book Turbocharging Performance Handbook written by Jeff Hartman and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Knocking in Gasoline Engines

Author : Michael Günther
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319697609
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Knocking in Gasoline Engines by : Michael Günther

Download or read book Knocking in Gasoline Engines written by Michael Günther and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book includes the papers presented at the conference discussing approaches to prevent or reliably control knocking and other irregular combustion events. The majority of today’s highly efficient gasoline engines utilize downsizing. High mean pressures produce increased knocking, which frequently results in a reduction in the compression ratio at high specific powers. Beyond this, the phenomenon of pre-ignition has been linked to the rise in specific power in gasoline engines for many years. Charge-diluted concepts with high compression cause extreme knocking, potentially leading to catastrophic failure. The introduction of RDE legislation this year will further grow the requirements for combustion process development, as residual gas scavenging and enrichment to improve the knock limit will be legally restricted despite no relaxation of the need to reach the main center of heat release as early as possible. New solutions in thermodynamics and control engineering are urgently needed to further increase the efficiency of gasoline engines.

Natural Gas Engines

Author : Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811333076
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Gas Engines by : Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan

Download or read book Natural Gas Engines written by Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-03 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the various advanced reciprocating combustion engine technologies that utilize natural gas and alternative fuels for transportation and power generation applications. It is divided into three major sections consisting of both fundamental and applied technologies to identify (but not limited to) clean, high-efficiency opportunities with natural gas fueling that have been developed through experimental protocols, numerical and high-performance computational simulations, and zero-dimensional, multizone combustion simulations. Particular emphasis is placed on statutes to monitor fine particulate emissions from tailpipe of engines operating on natural gas and alternative fuels.

The Performance and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of a Spark Ignition Engine Under Very Low Ambient Temperature Conditions

Author : K. Mohan
Publisher : 1979.
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Performance and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of a Spark Ignition Engine Under Very Low Ambient Temperature Conditions by : K. Mohan

Download or read book The Performance and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of a Spark Ignition Engine Under Very Low Ambient Temperature Conditions written by K. Mohan and published by 1979.. This book was released on 1979 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: