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The Association Of Anxiety And Depressive Symptoms With Obesity Among Adolescent Females
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Book Synopsis The Association of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms with Obesity Among Adolescent Females by : Hillman Jennifer B.
Download or read book The Association of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms with Obesity Among Adolescent Females written by Hillman Jennifer B. and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: To evaluate the association between anxiety/depressive symptoms and obesity among adolescent females. Design and Methods: Cross sectional, 199 adolescent females (mean age 14.5 years). Trait anxiety was measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and depressive symptoms with the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Obesity was assessed with body mass index Z score (BMI-Z), percent body fat from dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and fat distribution (fat mass upper/lower body). Linear regression was used. Results: Anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with percent body fat, but not BMI-Z or fat distribution. A ten-point increase on the STAI and CDI was associated with 1.15 and 1.33 increase in percent body fat, respectively. Analysis by race and age revealed an association between depressive symptoms and percent body fat among whites and younger girls but not blacks or older girls. Conclusions: Anxiety/depressive symptoms are associated with body composition in adolescent females.
Download or read book Weight Bias written by Kelly D. Brownell and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2005-08-24 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discrimination based on body shape and size remains commonplace in today's society. This important volume explores the nature, causes, and consequences of weight bias and presents a range of approaches to combat it. Leading psychologists, health professionals, attorneys, and advocates cover such critical topics as the barriers facing obese adults and children in health care, work, and school settings; how to conceptualize and measure weight-related stigmatization; theories on how stigma develops; the impact on self-esteem and health, quite apart from the physiological effects of obesity; and strategies for reducing prejudice and bringing about systemic change.
Book Synopsis The Influence of Child and Parental Stress on Adolescent Weight and Mental Health by : Zachary Albert Weber
Download or read book The Influence of Child and Parental Stress on Adolescent Weight and Mental Health written by Zachary Albert Weber and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity is a burdensome chronic disease that affects a large proportion of adults and children in the United States. The underpinnings of adult obesity may be laid in childhood with children who are obese five times more likely than their non-obese peers to be chronically obese into adulthood. Due to this persistence throughout the lifespan, it is imperative to further understand how the origins of adult obesity are shaped in childhood. Recently, there has been an increased interest in studying how psychosocial stressors may influence weight status in children and adults. Yet, gaps exist in the literature on childhood stress that, if investigated, could lead to identification and intervention of children that are at higher risk of obesity. Prior work utilizing nationally representative surveys investigating stress and child health outcomes have not considered all stressful experiences when identifying children who have highly stressful lives and have not explored the distribution of stressors by race. By including many stressful experiences, a complete picture of childhood stress and its overall effect on child health can be observed. The first study of this dissertation used the nationally representative National Survey of Children’s Health to cross-sectionally explore associations between stress and health outcomes. Nineteen potentially stressful exposures from multiple domains of life were assessed. Children with complete data on all covariates were classified as low (0-3), elevated (4-5), or high (6+) stress based on the total number of stressful experiences. Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic children had increased prevalence of high stress (42.0% and 32.6%) compared to non-Hispanic other (26.9%) and non-Hispanic white (23.0%) children. Children with high stress had 2.03 times the prevalence of obesity (95% CI: 1.76-2.33) for non-Hispanic white, 1.47 (95% CI: 1.03-2.11) for non-Hispanic Black, 2.00 (95% CI: 1.43-2.80) for Hispanic, and 2.81 (95% CI: 2.01-3.94) for non-Hispanic other when compared to low stress children of the same race/ethnicity. High stress was associated with a 10.5 (95% CI: 8.78-12.6), 7.54 (95% CI: 3.69-15.4), 4.16 (95% CI: 1.36-12.7), and 10.2 (95% CI: 6.00-17.3) increase in prevalence of depression for non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic other children. This analysis used a nationally representative sample to generate evidence that non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic children aged 10-17 years old experience higher stress. For children, experiencing high stress was associated with obesity and history of depression and anxiety. Stress as an exposure for children has also been measured using parental stress and mental health. But the association between maternal depression and child obesity is inconclusive with few studies also considering paternal depression. While 1 in 6 mothers experience anxiety, little research has explored the influence of parental anxiety on adolescent weight and mental health. The second study of this dissertation used the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) to further this area of stress research. Within the SECCYD, depressive symptoms were measured 11 times for mothers and 6 times for fathers and anxiety symptoms were measured 5 times for both parents of children aged 1 month to 15 years. Patterns of parental depression and anxiety were classified as never, once, recurrent, or chronic and the association between parental patterns of mental health and adolescent obesity and mental health were estimated. Analyses included 859 children, of which 28.2% and 28.4% had mothers with chronic depressive and chronic anxiety symptoms, respectively. No differences were observed in obesity for children of parents with chronic symptoms of depression or anxiety. Children of parents that experienced both high depressive and anxiety symptoms had a 0.27 (95% CI: 0.02-0.53) and 0.30 (95% CI: 0.06-0.19) increased Children’s Depressive Inventory (CDI) z-score. Children of single mothers with high depressive and anxiety symptoms had a 0.30 (95% CI: 0.09-0.52) and 0.44 (95% CI: 0.19-0.68) increased CDI z-score. No association with CDI z-score was observed for children with at least one parent with no high depressive or anxiety symptoms. These results add to the mixed literature on the association between parental mental health and child obesity but further support studies showing a strong positive association between parental and child depressive symptoms. Interestingly, having one parent with positive mental health may be protective against negative outcomes for adolescents. Among studies of childhood stress and adolescent outcomes, or even adult outcomes, there is no differentiation between the types of stress a child experiences. Different stressful environments and situations generally get combined into a single stress exposure. Yet, these differing types of stress may influence a child differently. Therefore, the third study of this dissertation attempted to identify how sources of stress may affect a child’s health. Data from the SECCYD was again utilized to understand how stress from 7 sources: behavioral, emotional, social, parental, familial, economic, and neighborhood, can differentially influence child outcomes. Additionally, a total stress score was created by identifying children who had high stress from multiple sources. The analyses contained 923 children, of which 778 appeared in both 3rd and 5th grade models. Experiencing high stress in 4 or more of the stress groupings was associated with a 2.09 (95% CI: 1.01-4.35) and 4.48 (95% CI: 2.09-9.62) increased odds of obesity in adolescence in the 3rd and 5th grade models, respectively. Similar patterns were seen with adolescent depressive symptoms. Of the individual sources of stress, economic and neighborhood-based stressors were associated with higher likelihood of adolescent obesity while behavioral, emotional, social, and parental stress was associated with increased adolescent depressive symptoms. These results suggest that targeting different sources of stress may be beneficial for obesity and depression interventions. Obesity does not have a simple, singular solution due to its causes being multifactorial and complex. Obesity prevention should consider the multiple interacting levels that can contribute to changes in weight. This dissertation highlights how stress may be an influential exposure to study as stressors can be individually perceived, influence interactions with others, and be caused by the greater environment. By reducing the effects of childhood stress through proper interventions, the outcomes of obesity and mental health may be minimized and should be further studied, building upon the work of this dissertation.
Book Synopsis Obese Adolescents by : Christie Mariam Kavossi
Download or read book Obese Adolescents written by Christie Mariam Kavossi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research shows that the association between depression and obesity may be strongest among the most obese individuals. Appearance is a central evaluative dimension for females in Western culture, therefore body dissatisfaction can contribute directly to depression. Adolescents and females are at greater risk for self-esteem problems because body image is an important component of their self-esteem. The present study will add to the existing literature on adolescent obesity by examining the associations between family functioning, self-esteem levels, and depression in a self-selected sample of female adolescents who attended a weight-loss program. More specifically, this study will investigate how high and low levels of self-esteem and family functioning affect depression levels. Reasons for such an investigation are to increase the awareness of the effects and causes of depression levels among obese children and adolescents. A total of 45 obese adolescents with a mean age of 13.32 years participated in the initial evaluations (baseline measures). Fifty-three percent of the participants were Caucasian, 22% were Hispanic, 20% were African American, and 4% were multi-racial. The mean BMI was 34.04 kg, and ranged from 25.80 to 56.17. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine a relationship between body image and depressive symptoms and between self-esteem and depressive symptoms. The analysis produced a significant relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms, t(39) = -7.20, p .001 and between body image and depressive symptoms, t(39) = 2.52, p
Book Synopsis Latent Curve Models by : Kenneth A. Bollen
Download or read book Latent Curve Models written by Kenneth A. Bollen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-12-23 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An effective technique for data analysis in the social sciences The recent explosion in longitudinal data in the social sciences highlights the need for this timely publication. Latent Curve Models: A Structural Equation Perspective provides an effective technique to analyze latent curve models (LCMs). This type of data features random intercepts and slopes that permit each case in a sample to have a different trajectory over time. Furthermore, researchers can include variables to predict the parameters governing these trajectories. The authors synthesize a vast amount of research and findings and, at the same time, provide original results. The book analyzes LCMs from the perspective of structural equation models (SEMs) with latent variables. While the authors discuss simple regression-based procedures that are useful in the early stages of LCMs, most of the presentation uses SEMs as a driving tool. This cutting-edge work includes some of the authors' recent work on the autoregressive latent trajectory model, suggests new models for method factors in multiple indicators, discusses repeated latent variable models, and establishes the identification of a variety of LCMs. This text has been thoroughly class-tested and makes extensive use of pedagogical tools to aid readers in mastering and applying LCMs quickly and easily to their own data sets. Key features include: Chapter introductions and summaries that provide a quick overview of highlights Empirical examples provided throughout that allow readers to test their newly found knowledge and discover practical applications Conclusions at the end of each chapter that stress the essential points that readers need to understand for advancement to more sophisticated topics Extensive footnoting that points the way to the primary literature for more information on particular topics With its emphasis on modeling and the use of numerous examples, this is an excellent book for graduate courses in latent trajectory models as well as a supplemental text for courses in structural modeling. This book is an excellent aid and reference for researchers in quantitative social and behavioral sciences who need to analyze longitudinal data.
Book Synopsis Link Between Overweight and Depression in Adolescence by : Dominika Julia Swistun
Download or read book Link Between Overweight and Depression in Adolescence written by Dominika Julia Swistun and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior research indicates that depressive symptoms surge during adolescence, and alarming health reports show that rates of overweight and obesity among teens are on the rise. Harsh environmental, economic and social factors associated with inner-city living, may further undermine adolescents' psychological and physical wellbeing. Despite multiple reports associating overweight with depression among adolescents, the nature of this relationship is not yet fully understood. Existing accounts emphasize low self-esteem, peer harassment, and poor body image as critical factors mediating the relationship between overweight and depression among teens, but the precise mechanisms and behavioral pathways linking body weight with depression remain elusive. The current study sought to investigate the link between overweight and depressive symptoms in an adolescent urban sample by testing two mediational models. In the first model, a negative body self-image was investigated to examine whether it mediated the effect of overweight on depressive symptoms. In the second model, pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, CRP, TNF-a) were examined as mediators of the relationship between overweight and depressive symptoms in overweight adolescents, beyond body dissatisfaction. Our results indicated that adolescent girls exhibited higher BMI, more depressive symptoms and lower body satisfaction than boys. While African-American adolescents were more likely to have higher BMI, it was Caucasian participants who were more dissatisfied with their bodies. However, we did not find a link between BMI and depressive symptoms. Additionally, despite significant association of higher BMI with inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, CRP) and association of C-reactive protein with lower body-esteem, increased inflammation was not related to depressive symptoms in our sample of early to middle adolescence. This study addresses important issues related to health disparities among racially diverse, vulnerable adolescent populations, demonstrating gender and racial gaps in mental and physical health areas. It also highlights the importance of considering physical and psychological consequences when treating both depression and overweight.
Book Synopsis The Association Between Depression and Overweight/obesity Among Ethnic Minority Youth by : Marissa Corona
Download or read book The Association Between Depression and Overweight/obesity Among Ethnic Minority Youth written by Marissa Corona and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depression and obesity are two conditions that influence many of today's children and adolescents. Individually, each condition can have adverse developmental and functional consequences. There is growing interest in examination of the two together and recent research has established a link between them. This dissertation study reviews the current knowledge about the association between depression and overweight/obesity in youth, as well as risk factors for overweight/obesity. It adds new directions to the recent research by exploring the association among ethnic minority youth in order to address the shortcomings of previous studies. Two separate study samples were examined in this dissertation. Study 1 consisted of 1,106 ethnically diverse middle school students from Seattle, WA. An examination of race/ethnicity and gender differences in the association between depression and overweight/obesity was conducted using a cross-sectional design. Results suggested that a positive association existed for White adolescents, but not for the other groups. In addition, Latino adolescents had higher weight status compared to their peers who were White. Further, a three-way interaction emerged whereby Latino males with higher levels of depressive symptoms had lower weight status as well as decreased odds of being classified overweight/obese. Study 2 consisted of two examinations with a sample of 674 Mexican American youth from Northern California. The first was a longitudinal examination of the depression-overweight/obesity association as Mexican American children transitioned from 5th -7th grade. While no association was found from 5th to 6th grade, a negative association emerged whereby higher weight status in 6th grade was associated with lower depressive symptoms in 7th grade. The second examination tested a hypothesized model of the development of overweight/obesity among Mexican American adolescents. The model found that sleep influences physical exercise and depression among Mexican American youth, but risk factors and predictors for overweight/obesity were not found and remain unclear. Together, results from both Study 1 and Study 2 provide complex support for the association among Latino youth and suggest that the two conditions may not be positively associated among this ethnic group.
Book Synopsis Obesity and Mental Disorders by : Susan L. McElroy
Download or read book Obesity and Mental Disorders written by Susan L. McElroy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-01-13 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, there are a limited amount of guidelines to help clinicians manage patients with obesity and comorbid mental disorders. This expertly written source fills the gap in the literature by providing a clear overview of obesity and its relationship to mental illness while reviewing the most recent methods to manage and control the condition wi
Book Synopsis Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Adolescents by :
Download or read book Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Adolescents written by and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-01-24 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded in extensive research and clinical experience, this manual provides a complete guide to interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents (IPT-A). IPT-A is an evidence-based brief intervention designed to meet the specific developmental needs of teenagers. Clinicians learn how to educate adolescents and their families about depression, work with associated relationship difficulties, and help clients manage their symptoms while developing more effective communication and interpersonal problem-solving skills. The book includes illustrative clinical vignettes, an extended case example, and information on the model's conceptual and empirical underpinnings. Helpful session checklists and sample assessment tools are featured in the appendices.
Book Synopsis Depressive Symptoms in Adolescent Girls Who Are Overweight Or Obese by : Marco-Antonio S. Hartmann
Download or read book Depressive Symptoms in Adolescent Girls Who Are Overweight Or Obese written by Marco-Antonio S. Hartmann and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Obesity Epidemiology written by Frank Hu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-03-21 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past twenty years there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. An estimated thirty percent of adults in the US are obese; in 1980, only fifteen percent were. The issue is gaining greater attention with the CDC and with the public health world in general. This book will offer practical information about the methodology of epidemiologic studies of obesity, suitable for graduate students and researchers in epidemiology, and public health practitioners with an interest in the issue. The book will be structured in four main sections, with the majority of chapters authored by Dr. Hu, and some authored by specialists in specific areas. The first section will consider issues surrounding the definition of obesity, measurement techniques, and the designs of epidemiologic studies. The second section will address the consequences of obesity, looking at epidemiologic studies that focus on cardio-vascular disease, diabetes, and cancer The third section will look at determinants obesity, reviewing a wide range of risk factors for obesity including diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviors, sleep disorders, psychosocial factors, physical environment, biochemical and genetic predictors, and intrauterine exposures. In the final section, the author will discuss the analytical issues and challenges for epidemiologic studies of obesity.
Book Synopsis Depression in Parents, Parenting, and Children by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Depression in Parents, Parenting, and Children written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-10-28 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depression is a widespread condition affecting approximately 7.5 million parents in the U.S. each year and may be putting at least 15 million children at risk for adverse health outcomes. Based on evidentiary studies, major depression in either parent can interfere with parenting quality and increase the risk of children developing mental, behavioral and social problems. Depression in Parents, Parenting, and Children highlights disparities in the prevalence, identification, treatment, and prevention of parental depression among different sociodemographic populations. It also outlines strategies for effective intervention and identifies the need for a more interdisciplinary approach that takes biological, psychological, behavioral, interpersonal, and social contexts into consideration. A major challenge to the effective management of parental depression is developing a treatment and prevention strategy that can be introduced within a two-generation framework, conducive for parents and their children. Thus far, both the federal and state response to the problem has been fragmented, poorly funded, and lacking proper oversight. This study examines options for widespread implementation of best practices as well as strategies that can be effective in diverse service settings for diverse populations of children and their families. The delivery of adequate screening and successful detection and treatment of a depressive illness and prevention of its effects on parenting and the health of children is a formidable challenge to modern health care systems. This study offers seven solid recommendations designed to increase awareness about and remove barriers to care for both the depressed adult and prevention of effects in the child. The report will be of particular interest to federal health officers, mental and behavioral health providers in diverse parts of health care delivery systems, health policy staff, state legislators, and the general public.
Book Synopsis Hospitals and Medical Centers: 2011 Edition by :
Download or read book Hospitals and Medical Centers: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hospitals and Medical Centers / 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Hospitals and Medical Centers. The editors have built Hospitals and Medical Centers: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Hospitals and Medical Centers in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Hospitals and Medical Centers: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis Obesity in Youth by : Leslie J. Heinberg
Download or read book Obesity in Youth written by Leslie J. Heinberg and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2009 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thorough and incisive book, the editors have employed a group of researchers to describe trends and discuss their implications for the assessment, treatment, and prevention of obesity in youth.
Book Synopsis Bariatric Surgical Practice Guide by : Saravana Kumar
Download or read book Bariatric Surgical Practice Guide written by Saravana Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive review of literature of various aspects of bariatric surgery arriving at practical recommendations for simplifying day to day practice. This book is divided into 10 sections covering selection of patient, preoperative predictors of outcome, technical considerations, specific situations, post-operative pathways, management of complications, revisional surgery, and perioperative nutritional aspects. It covers specific situations in bariatric surgery such as GERD, hernia repair, gallstone disease, PCOD, NAFLD and end-organ disease. Bariatric Surgical Practice Guide is a quick resource for practicing bariatric surgeons, young and experienced, to understand all practical aspects of this surgery which is gaining importance worldwide at a rapid pace. Recommendations are based on existing literature as well as opinions of the authors who work at state-of-the-art clinical facilities.
Book Synopsis Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology by : Michael F. Leitzmann
Download or read book Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology written by Michael F. Leitzmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the origins, determinants and magnitude of the global problem of sedentary behaviour, along with concise yet in-depth solutions for tackling it. As a consequence of major technological advances in modern society, many people find themselves in environments characterized by prolonged sedentary behaviour. Although inadequate exercise has long been known to cause adverse health consequences, sedentary behaviour has recently emerged as a risk factor for the development of numerous chronic diseases and health conditions. Building on the contributions of leading experts in the field, this book presents current knowledge about sedentary behaviour, its medical and public health significance, its correlates and determinants, measurement techniques, and recommendations for addressing this behaviour at the individual, community, environmental, and policy level. Applying a cross-disciplinary methodology, the book avoids considering physical activity and sedentary behavior as a single continuum, which potentially hampers progress in confronting widespread levels of sedentariness. Rather, the book helps readers better understand how sedentary and physically active behavior co-occur and how the two behaviours have distinct contributing factors. Building on the contributions of distinguished international experts in the field, this thorough resource is a valuable asset and challenges professionals, researchers, students, and practitioners alike to adopt new strategies and expand their reach.
Book Synopsis Exploration of major depressive disorder among children and adolescents: From pathogenesis to intervention by : Daniel Shuen Sheng Fung
Download or read book Exploration of major depressive disorder among children and adolescents: From pathogenesis to intervention written by Daniel Shuen Sheng Fung and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-19 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
