The Assassination of American Diplomats in Beirut, Lebanon

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis The Assassination of American Diplomats in Beirut, Lebanon by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Special Subcommittee on Investigations

Download or read book The Assassination of American Diplomats in Beirut, Lebanon written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Special Subcommittee on Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Good Spy

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Publisher : Crown
ISBN 13 : 0307889777
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis The Good Spy by : Kai Bird

Download or read book The Good Spy written by Kai Bird and published by Crown. This book was released on 2014-05-20 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Good Spy is Pulitzer Prize-winning biographer Kai Bird’s compelling portrait of the remarkable life and death of one of the most important operatives in CIA history – a man who, had he lived, might have helped heal the rift between Arabs and the West. On April 18, 1983, a bomb exploded outside the American Embassy in Beirut, killing 63 people. The attack was a geopolitical turning point. It marked the beginning of Hezbollah as a political force, but even more important, it eliminated America’s most influential and effective intelligence officer in the Middle East – CIA operative Robert Ames. What set Ames apart from his peers was his extraordinary ability to form deep, meaningful connections with key Arab intelligence figures. Some operatives relied on threats and subterfuge, but Ames worked by building friendships and emphasizing shared values – never more notably than with Yasir Arafat’s charismatic intelligence chief and heir apparent Ali Hassan Salameh (aka “The Red Prince”). Ames’ deepening relationship with Salameh held the potential for a lasting peace. Within a few years, though, both men were killed by assassins, and America’s relations with the Arab world began heading down a path that culminated in 9/11, the War on Terror, and the current fog of mistrust. Bird, who as a child lived in the Beirut Embassy and knew Ames as a neighbor when he was twelve years old, spent years researching The Good Spy. Not only does the book draw on hours of interviews with Ames’ widow, and quotes from hundreds of Ames’ private letters, it’s woven from interviews with scores of current and former American, Israeli, and Palestinian intelligence officers as well as other players in the Middle East “Great Game.” What emerges is a masterpiece-level narrative of the making of a CIA officer, a uniquely insightful history of twentieth-century conflict in the Middle East, and an absorbing hour-by-hour account of the Beirut Embassy bombing. Even more impressive, Bird draws on his reporter’s skills to deliver a full dossier on the bombers and expose the shocking truth of where the attack’s mastermind resides today.

Beirut 1958

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Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815737351
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Beirut 1958 by : Bruce Riedel

Download or read book Beirut 1958 written by Bruce Riedel and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2019-10-19 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Find out about the 1958 U.S. intervention that succeeded and apply those lessons to today's conflicts in the Middle East In July 1958, U.S. Marines stormed the beach in Beirut, Lebanon, ready for combat. They were greeted by vendors and sunbathers. Fortunately, the rest of their mission—helping to end Lebanon's first civil war—went nearly as smoothly and successfully, thanks in large part to the skillful work of American diplomats who helped arrange a compromise solution. Future American interventions in the region would not work out quite as well. Bruce Riedel's new book tells the now-forgotten story (forgotten, that is, in the United States) of the first U.S. combat operation in the Middle East. President Eisenhower sent the Marines in the wake of a bloody coup in Iraq, a seismic event that altered politics not only of that country but eventually of the entire region. Eisenhower feared that the coup, along with other conspiracies and events that seemed mysterious back in Washington, threatened American interests in the Middle East. His action, and those of others, were driven in large part by a cast of fascinating characters whose espionage and covert actions could be grist for a movie. Although Eisenhower's intervention in Lebanon was unique, certainly in its relatively benign outcome, it does hold important lessons for today's policymakers as they seek to deal with the always unexpected challenges in the Middle East. Veteran analyst Bruce Reidel describes the scene as it emerged six decades ago, and he suggests that some of the lessons learned then are still valid today. A key lesson? Not to rush to judgment when surprised by the unexpected. And don't assume the worst.

Beirut Rules

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Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101987480
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Beirut Rules by : Fred Burton

Download or read book Beirut Rules written by Fred Burton and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the New York Times bestselling coauthors of Under Fire--the riveting story of the kidnapping and murder of CIA Station Chief William Buckley. After a deadly terrorist bombing at the American embassy in Lebanon in 1983, only one man inside the CIA possessed the courage and skills to rebuild the networks destroyed in the blast: William Buckley. But the new Beirut station chief quickly became the target of a young terrorist named Imad Mughniyeh. Beirut Rules is the pulse-by-pulse account of Buckley's abduction, torture, and murder at the hands of Hezbollah terrorists. Drawing on never-before-seen government documents as well as interviews with Buckley's co-workers, friends and family, Burton and Katz reveal how the relentless search for Buckley in the wake of his kidnapping ignited a war against terror that continues to shape the Middle East to this day.

Dilemmas of Weak States

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351159909
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Dilemmas of Weak States by : Tatah Mentan

Download or read book Dilemmas of Weak States written by Tatah Mentan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the dramatic changes that have taken place in global politics in recent years (especially following September 11, 2001), it is time to examine a series of critical issues confronting the global political economy. One of the most important of these issues is terrorism and its relationship with weak states. This book examines the weak state-terrorism nexus with particular emphasis on Africa. Specifically, it provides an in-depth analysis of state weakness, poverty, and the opportunities offered by the latter for the breeding of terrorism and terrorists. It also looks at the part played by radical Islam in transnational terrorism in Africa. Emerging from this study is recognition of a need for the international system to analyze a wide range of issues that contribute to the weakening of African states.

Destiny and Power

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Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 0812998200
Total Pages : 897 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Destiny and Power by : Jon Meacham

Download or read book Destiny and Power written by Jon Meacham and published by Random House. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 897 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • In this brilliant biography, Pulitzer Prize–winning author Jon Meacham chronicles the life of George Herbert Walker Bush. NAMED ONE OF THE TEN BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY THE WASHINGTON POST AND ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The New York Times Book Review • Time • NPR • St. Louis Post-Dispatch Drawing on President Bush’s personal diaries, on the diaries of his wife, Barbara, and on extraordinary access to the forty-first president and his family, Meacham paints an intimate and surprising portrait of an intensely private man who led the nation through tumultuous times. From the Oval Office to Camp David, from his study in the private quarters of the White House to Air Force One, from the fall of the Berlin Wall to the first Gulf War to the end of Communism, Destiny and Power charts the thoughts, decisions, and emotions of a modern president who may have been the last of his kind. This is the human story of a man who was, like the nation he led, at once noble and flawed. His was one of the great American lives. Born into a loving, privileged, and competitive family, Bush joined the navy on his eighteenth birthday and at age twenty was shot down on a combat mission over the Pacific. He married young, started a family, and resisted pressure to go to Wall Street, striking out for the adventurous world of Texas oil. Over the course of three decades, Bush would rise from the chairmanship of his county Republican Party to serve as congressman, ambassador to the United Nations, head of the Republican National Committee, envoy to China, director of Central Intelligence, vice president under Ronald Reagan, and, finally, president of the United States. In retirement he became the first president since John Adams to see his son win the ultimate prize in American politics. With access not only to the Bush diaries but, through extensive interviews, to the former president himself, Meacham presents Bush’s candid assessments of many of the critical figures of the age, ranging from Richard Nixon to Nancy Reagan; Mao to Mikhail Gorbachev; Dick Cheney to Donald Rumsfeld; Henry Kissinger to Bill Clinton. Here is high politics as it really is but as we rarely see it. From the Pacific to the presidency, Destiny and Power charts the vicissitudes of the life of this quietly compelling American original. Meacham sheds new light on the rise of the right wing in the Republican Party, a shift that signaled the beginning of the end of the center in American politics. Destiny and Power is an affecting portrait of a man who, driven by destiny and by duty, forever sought, ultimately, to put the country first. Praise for Destiny and Power “Should be required reading—if not for every presidential candidate, then for every president-elect.”—The Washington Post “Reflects the qualities of both subject and biographer: judicious, balanced, deliberative, with a deep appreciation of history and the personalities who shape it.”—The New York Times Book Review “A fascinating biography of the forty-first president.”—The Dallas Morning News

Air Force Magazine

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 636 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Force Magazine by :

Download or read book Air Force Magazine written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Killing Mr Lebanon

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857714058
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Killing Mr Lebanon by : Nicholas Blanford

Download or read book Killing Mr Lebanon written by Nicholas Blanford and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2006-08-25 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Valentine's Day 2005 former Lebanese PM Rafik Hariri, nicknamed 'Mr Lebanon' for his local power and patronage, was killed by a massive explosion as he drove along the Beirut seafront. Ten weeks later, Syrian troops had withdrawn from Lebanon after an occupation of nearly thirty years. In this compelling book, Nicholas Blanford looks at how the murder of a businessman provoked such a seismic shift in Middle Eastern politics. He examines Hariri's past, inextricably linked with that of Lebanon, and uncovers a murky world of shifting alliances between businesses, security services, politicians and diplomats. Based on exclusive interviews with the key players in the Syrian, Lebanese and international arenas, Blanford traces the last weeks of Hariri's life, and reveals who and what stood to gain from his death. Gaining access to material never before made public, Blanford shows how right up until the morning of his assassination, Hariri was building up a unique political movement which would have upset the balance of power in Middle Eastern politics. Larger than life figures emerge in this Shakespearean political drama: the wily Druze leader, Walid Jumblatt, the much-feared head of Syrian military intelligence in Lebanon, Rustom Ghazaleh and the young Syrian leader eager to stamp his authority, Bashar al-Assad. With Lebanon reeling from the explosion of regional tensions in the summer of 2006, Blanford traces the impact of the Hariri assassination on Hizbullah, Syria and Israel. Full of intrigue, shady characters and suspense, Killing Mr Lebanon is the definitive account of how Beirut became once again the flashpoint of the Middle East.

American Foreign Policy Since World War II

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Publisher : CQ Press
ISBN 13 : 1506385621
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis American Foreign Policy Since World War II by : Steven W. Hook

Download or read book American Foreign Policy Since World War II written by Steven W. Hook and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gold Standard for Textbooks on American Foreign Policy American Foreign Policy Since World War II provides you with an understanding of America’s current challenges by exploring its historical experience as the world’s predominant power since World War II. Through this process of historical reflection and insight, you become better equipped to place the current problems of the nation’s foreign policy agenda into modern policy context. With each new edition, authors Steven W. Hook and John Spanier find that new developments in foreign policy conform to their overarching theme—there is an American “style” of foreign policy imbued with a distinct sense of national exceptionalism. This Twenty-First Edition continues to explore America’s unique national style with chapters that address the aftershocks of the Arab Spring and the revival of power politics. Additionally, an entirely new chapter devoted to the current administration discusses the implications of a changing American policy under the Trump presidency.

Surprise, Kill, Vanish

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Publisher : Little, Brown
ISBN 13 : 0316441406
Total Pages : 586 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (164 download)

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Book Synopsis Surprise, Kill, Vanish by : Annie Jacobsen

Download or read book Surprise, Kill, Vanish written by Annie Jacobsen and published by Little, Brown. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Pulitzer Prize finalist Annie Jacobsen, the untold USA Today bestselling story of the CIA's secret paramilitary units. Surprise . . . your target. Kill . . . your enemy. Vanish . . . without a trace. When diplomacy fails, and war is unwise, the president calls on the CIA's Special Activities Division, a highly-classified branch of the CIA and the most effective, black operations force in the world. Originally known as the president's guerrilla warfare corps, SAD conducts risky and ruthless operations that have evolved over time to defend America from its enemies. Almost every American president since World War II has asked the CIA to conduct sabotage, subversion and, yes, assassination. With unprecedented access to forty-two men and women who proudly and secretly worked on CIA covert operations from the dawn of the Cold War to the present day, along with declassified documents and deep historical research, Pulitzer Prize finalist Annie Jacobsen unveils -- like never before -- a complex world of individuals working in treacherous environments populated with killers, connivers, and saboteurs. Despite Hollywood notions of off-book operations and external secret hires, covert action is actually one piece in a colossal foreign policy machine. Written with the pacing of a thriller, Surprise, Kill, Vanish brings to vivid life the sheer pandemonium and chaos, as well as the unforgettable human will to survive and the intellectual challenge of not giving up hope that define paramilitary and intelligence work. Jacobsen's exclusive interviews -- with members of the CIA's Senior Intelligence Service (equivalent to the Pentagon's generals), its counterterrorism chiefs, targeting officers, and Special Activities Division's Ground Branch operators who conduct today's close-quarters killing operations around the world -- reveal, for the first time, the enormity of this shocking, controversial, and morally complex terrain. Is the CIA's paramilitary army America's weaponized strength, or a liability to its principled standing in the world? Every operation reported in this book, however unsettling, is legal.

American Diplomats

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Publisher : iUniverse
ISBN 13 : 0595329748
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis American Diplomats by : William D. Morgan

Download or read book American Diplomats written by William D. Morgan and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2004 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do the men and women of America's diplomatic corps do? William D. Morgan and Charles Stuart Kennedy, themselves career diplomats, culled over 1400 oral interviews with their Foreign Service peers to present forty excerpts covering events from the 1920s to the 1990s. Insiders recount what happens when a consul spies on Nazi Germany, Mao Tse-Tung drops by for a chat, the Cold War begins with the Berlin blockade, the Marshall Plan rescues Europe, Sukarno moves Indonesia into the communist camp, Khrushchev calls President Kennedy an SOB, and our ambassador is murdered in Kabul. "You are there" accounts deepen readers' understanding, as diplomatic and consular officers talk about the beginnings of Kremlinology, predicting a coup in Ecuador, Hemingway and the embassy in Havana, the secret formulation of the NATO treaty, Jerusalem after the British and the US recognition of Israel, fighting in the Congo over Katangan secession, dealing with an alcoholic foreign president, human rights work in Paraguay, the U.S. Embassy takeover in Tehran, the bombing of the U.S. Embassy in Beirut, helping families of the Pan Am 103 victims, Greece and Turkey at odds over a tiny island, embassy roles in Riyadh and Tel Aviv during Desert Storm, and many more.

Beyond the Wild Blue

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Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 1429901802
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond the Wild Blue by : Walter J. Boyne

Download or read book Beyond the Wild Blue written by Walter J. Boyne and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2007-06-26 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the most important leaders and the most courageous victories to the earliest machines of flight and the most advanced Stealth technology, Walter J. Boyne's Beyond the Wild Blue presents a fascinating look at 50 turbulent years of Air Force history. From the prop-driven armada of World War II to the most advanced Stealth weaponry, from pioneers like General Henry "Hap" Arnold to glorious conquests in the Gulf War, Beyond the Wild Blue is a high-flying study of the triumphs (and failures) of leadership and technology. In three new chapters, Walter Boyne covers an eventful ten years, including 9/11, the invasion of Afghanistan, and the second Gulf War, describing in detail the technological advancements that led to highly efficient airstrikes in Iraq. He also takes stock of the Air Force's doctrine and mission statements as this unique sector of the military grapples with an ever-changing world.

Killing Mr Lebanon

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Publisher : I.B. Tauris
ISBN 13 : 9781845118549
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Killing Mr Lebanon by : Nicholas Blanford

Download or read book Killing Mr Lebanon written by Nicholas Blanford and published by I.B. Tauris. This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri, known as "Mr. Lebanon," was killed by a massive explosion as he drove along the Beirut seafront on February 14, 2005. A business entrepreneur, who rose from nothing to become one of the most powerful men in Lebanese politics, Hariri's assassination has incited outrage and suspicion. Nicholas Blanford investigates Hariri's past, inextricably linked with that of Lebanon, and uncovers a murky world of shifting alliances between businesses, the military, politicians and diplomats. Based on exclusive interviews with key players, he traces the last weeks of Hariri’s life, and reveals who stood to gain from his death. He assesses its impact on Lebanese politics including the withdrawal of Syrian troops, Hezbollah and the peace process. Full of intrigue, shady characters, and suspense, Killing Mr Lebanon brings to light what the Lebanese people have clamored for since Valentine's Day 2005: "Al Haqiqa"--the truth.

Anti-american Terrorism: From Eisenhower To Trump - A Chronicle Of The Threat And Response: Volume I: The Eisenhower Through Carter Administrations

Download Anti-american Terrorism: From Eisenhower To Trump - A Chronicle Of The Threat And Response: Volume I: The Eisenhower Through Carter Administrations PDF Online Free

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Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1783268743
Total Pages : 718 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Anti-american Terrorism: From Eisenhower To Trump - A Chronicle Of The Threat And Response: Volume I: The Eisenhower Through Carter Administrations by : Dennis A Pluchinsky

Download or read book Anti-american Terrorism: From Eisenhower To Trump - A Chronicle Of The Threat And Response: Volume I: The Eisenhower Through Carter Administrations written by Dennis A Pluchinsky and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-03-23 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Pluchinsky's first volume focusing on anti-American terrorism is a densely packed and comprehensive look at one of the most complex US national security challenges our nation faces. It reflects the evolving nature of terrorism that has changed with the politics, technology, and media during this tumultuous period in US history. The book is also a thorough accounting of how US policymakers attempt to find solutions to address this dynamic issue. A broad spectrum of terrorism experts, policymakers, and casual reads will undoubtedly find noteworthy facts about terrorist attacks that targeted US interest abroad and at home in this volume. Pluchinsky's level of detail and strong qualitative methodology makes this work an essential desk reference for any serious terrorism scholar.'Studies in Intelligence 'This is a truly magisterial work of scholarship. By pulling all this material together in one place, and by organizing it so accessibly, Pluchinsky has performed an invaluable service for researchers and counter-terrorism practitioners alike … the real selling point is the factual content. Pluchinsky has written the definitive contextual history of US counter-terrorism policy and these volumes, and I confidently expect the two companion volumes still to come, deserve a place in every serious library of terrorism.'Critical Studies on TerrorismOne of the major international security concerns that surfaced in the post-World War II period was the emergence and evolution of international terrorism. The dominant theme in the evolution of this threat has been anti-American terrorism. No other country in the world has had its overseas interests subjected to the level, lethality, diversity, and geographic scope of international terrorist activity than the United States. This four-volume work recounts the development of this threat through 12 US presidential administrations over a 70-year period. It assesses the terrorist threat in the US and overseas and how the government has responded with counter-terrorism policies, strategies, programs, organizations, legislation, international conventions, executive orders, special operations units, and actions. The evolution of the field of terrorism in academia, think tanks, institutes, and the private sector over these 12 administrations is also chronicled.

Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2003: Secretary of State ... Public Diplomacy

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2003: Secretary of State ... Public Diplomacy by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies

Download or read book Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2003: Secretary of State ... Public Diplomacy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Anti-American Terrorism and the Middle East

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195176596
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Anti-American Terrorism and the Middle East by : Barry Rubin

Download or read book Anti-American Terrorism and the Middle East written by Barry Rubin and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2002 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, a stunned public asked: How could this happen? Why did the attackers do what they did? What did they hope to accomplish? This wasn't the first battle in a conflict that has included bombings of U.S. embassies and planes, the Iran hostage crisis, and kidnappings or shootings of American citizens. This unique volume sets out to answer these questions using the unfiltered words of the terrorists themselves. Over many decades, radical forces in the Middle East have changed and evolved, yet their basic outlook and anti-Western views have remained remarkably consistent. Barry Rubin and Judith Colp Rubin have assembled nearly one hundred key documents, charting the evolution of radical Middle East movements, their anti-Americanism, and Western policy response. The buildup to the battle between a world superpower and Middle East revolutionaries is brought dramatically to life. Among the documents included are the charters of such organizations as Hizballah, Hamas, and World Islamic Front; speeches by Syrian president Hafiz al-Asad and former Iraqi president Saddam Hussein; al-Qa'ida recruitment materials; and terrorist training manuals. The book also shows and analyzes the often conflicting and deeply conflicted responses to September 11 by journalists, clerics, and activists in the Arab world. Supplemented by an annotated chronology, a glossary of terms, and sections that put each selection in context, this comprehensive reference serves not only as essential historical background to the ongoing aftermath of the September 11 attacks, but more generally as an invaluable framework for understanding a long-term, continuing conflict that has caused many crises for the United States.

The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967–1976

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0755618165
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (556 download)

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Book Synopsis The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967–1976 by : Farid El Khazen

Download or read book The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967–1976 written by Farid El Khazen and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did the Lebanese state, the most open and democratic political system in the Middle East, break down between 1967 and 1976? In this major contribution to the debate, Fazel el-Khazen rejects the standard explanations of the Lebanese Civil War and argues instead that the causes were due to the official state ideology, which recognized diversity, dissent and a highly pluralistic population, and then specific external factors: pressures from the Arab-Israeli Conflict, inter-Arab rivalries, and the Palestine Liberation Organization's close connection to Lebanese politics. Using an historical analysis, el-Khazen sheds light on the political situation of the country in the lead up to the conflict and the major role Lebanon's neighbours had in the events. The detailed and comprehensive account uses interviews with the key protagonists in the civil war and analysis of unpublished sources to reveal how and why the breakdown took place.