Testimonio

Download Testimonio PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816628407
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (284 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Testimonio by : John Beverley

Download or read book Testimonio written by John Beverley and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These four germinal essays by John Beverley sparked the widespread discussion and debate surrounding testimonio--the socially and politically charged Latin American narrative of witnessing--that culminated, with David Stoll's highly publicized attack on Rigoberta Menchu's celebrated testimonial text. Challenging Hardt and Negri's "Empire, Beverley's extensive new introduction examines the broader historical, political, and ethical issues that this literature raises, tracing the development of testimonio from its emergence in the Cold War era to the rise of a globalized economy and of U.S. political hegemony. Informed by postcolonial studies and the current debate over multiculturalism and identity politics, "Testimonio reaches across disciplinary boundaries to show how this particular literature at once represents and enacts new forms of agency on the part of previously repressed social subjects, as well as its potential as a new form of "alliance politics" between those subjects and artists, scientists, teachers, and intellectuals in a variety of local, national, and international contexts.

Testimonio

Download Testimonio PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Between the Lines
ISBN 13 : 1771135638
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (711 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Testimonio by : Catherine Nolin

Download or read book Testimonio written by Catherine Nolin and published by Between the Lines. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is land? A resource to be exploited? A commodity to be traded? A home to cherish? In Guatemala, a country still reeling from thirty-six years of US-backed state repression and genocides, dominant Canadian mining interests cash in on the transformation of land into “property,” while those responsible act with near-total impunity. Editors Catherine Nolin and Grahame Russell draw on over thirty years of community-based research and direct community support work in Guatemala to expose the ruthless state machinery that benefits the Canadian mining industry—a staggeringly profitable juggernaut of exploitation, sanctioned and supported every step of the way by the Canadian government. This edited collection calls on Canadians to hold our government and companies fully to account for their role in enabling and profiting from violence in Guatemala. The text stands apart in featuring a series of unflinching testimonios (testimonies) authored by Indigenous community leaders in Guatemala, as well as wide-ranging contributions from investigative journalists, scholars, Lawyers, activists, and documentarians on the ground. As resources are ripped from the earth and communities and environments ripped apart, the act of standing in solidarity and bearing witness—rather than extracting knowledge—becomes more radical than ever.

Testimonio

Download Testimonio PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Arte Publico Press
ISBN 13 : 9781611923025
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (23 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Testimonio by : Francisco Arturo Rosales

Download or read book Testimonio written by Francisco Arturo Rosales and published by Arte Publico Press. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with the early 1800s and extending to the modern era, Rosales collects illuminating documents that shed light on the Mexican-American quest for life, liberty, and justice. Documents include petitions, correspondence, government reports, political proclamations, newspaper items, congressional testimony, memoirs, and even international treaties.

Testimonios

Download Testimonios PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806153709
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Testimonios by :

Download or read book Testimonios written by and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2015-08-10 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When in the early 1870s historian Hubert Howe Bancroft sent interviewers out to gather oral histories from the pre-statehood gentry of California, he didn’t count on one thing: the women. When the men weren’t available, the interviewers collected the stories of the women of the household—sometimes almost as an afterthought. These interviews were eventually archived at the University of California, though many were all but forgotten. Testimonios presents thirteen women’s firsthand accounts from the days when California was part of Spain and Mexico. Having lived through the gold rush and seen their country change so drastically, these women understood the need to tell the full story of the people and the places that were their California.

Telling to Live

Download Telling to Live PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822383284
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Telling to Live by : Latina Feminist Group,

Download or read book Telling to Live written by Latina Feminist Group, and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2001-09-18 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Telling to Live embodies the vision that compelled Latina feminists to engage their differences and find common ground. Its contributors reflect varied class, religious, ethnic, racial, linguistic, sexual, and national backgrounds. Yet in one way or another they are all professional producers of testimonios—or life stories—whether as poets, oral historians, literary scholars, ethnographers, or psychologists. Through coalitional politics, these women have forged feminist political stances about generating knowledge through experience. Reclaiming testimonio as a tool for understanding the complexities of Latina identity, they compare how each made the journey to become credentialed creative thinkers and writers. Telling to Live unleashes the clarifying power of sharing these stories. The complex and rich tapestry of narratives that comprises this book introduces us to an intergenerational group of Latina women who negotiate their place in U.S. society at the cusp of the twenty-first century. These are the stories of women who struggled to reach the echelons of higher education, often against great odds, and constructed relationships of sustenance and creativity along the way. The stories, poetry, memoirs, and reflections of this diverse group of Puerto Rican, Chicana, Native American, Mexican, Cuban, Dominican, Sephardic, mixed-heritage, and Central American women provide new perspectives on feminist theorizing, perspectives located in the borderlands of Latino cultures. This often heart wrenching, sometimes playful, yet always insightful collection will interest those who wish to understand the challenges U.S. society poses for women of complex cultural heritages who strive to carve out their own spaces in the ivory tower. Contributors. Luz del Alba Acevedo, Norma Alarcón, Celia Alvarez, Ruth Behar, Rina Benmayor, Norma E. Cantú, Daisy Cocco De Filippis, Gloria Holguín Cuádraz, Liza Fiol-Matta, Yvette Flores-Ortiz, Inés Hernández-Avila, Aurora Levins Morales, Clara Lomas, Iris Ofelia López, Mirtha N. Quintanales, Eliana Rivero, Caridad Souza, Patricia Zavella

The Little School

Download The Little School PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cleis Press
ISBN 13 : 157344488X
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (734 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Little School by : Alicia Partnoy

Download or read book The Little School written by Alicia Partnoy and published by Cleis Press. This book was released on 1998-09-01 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Argentina's 30,000 "disappeared," Alicia Partnoy was abducted from her home by secret police and taken to a concentration camp where she was tortured, and where most of the other prisoners were killed. Her writings were smuggled out of prison and published anonymously in human rights journals. The Little School is Alicia Partnoy's memoir of her disappearance and imprisonment in Argentina in the 1970s. Told in a series of tales that resound in memory like parables, The Little School is proof of the resilience of the human spirit and the healing powers of art. This second edition features a revised introduction by the author and a preface by Julia Alvarez.

Testimonio

Download Testimonio PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816628414
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (284 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Testimonio by : John Beverley

Download or read book Testimonio written by John Beverley and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These four germinal essays by John Beverley sparked the widespread discussion and debate surrounding testimonio--the socially and politically charged Latin American narrative of witnessing--that culminated, with David Stoll's highly publicized attack on Rigoberta Menchu's celebrated testimonial text. Challenging Hardt and Negri's "Empire, Beverley's extensive new introduction examines the broader historical, political, and ethical issues that this literature raises, tracing the development of testimonio from its emergence in the Cold War era to the rise of a globalized economy and of U.S. political hegemony. Informed by postcolonial studies and the current debate over multiculturalism and identity politics, "Testimonio reaches across disciplinary boundaries to show how this particular literature at once represents and enacts new forms of agency on the part of previously repressed social subjects, as well as its potential as a new form of "alliance politics" between those subjects and artists, scientists, teachers, and intellectuals in a variety of local, national, and international contexts.

Yolqui, a Warrior Summoned from the Spirit World

Download Yolqui, a Warrior Summoned from the Spirit World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 081653859X
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Yolqui, a Warrior Summoned from the Spirit World by : Roberto Cintli Rodríguez

Download or read book Yolqui, a Warrior Summoned from the Spirit World written by Roberto Cintli Rodríguez and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Nahuatl yolqui is the idea of a warrior brought back from the dead. For author and activist Roberto Cintli Rodríquez, it describes his own experience one night in March 1979 after a brutal beating at the hands of L.A. sheriffs. Framed by Rodríguez’s personal testimony of police violence, this book offers a historia profunda of the culture of extralegal violence against Red-Black-Brown communities in the United States. In addition to Rodríguez’s story, this book includes several short essays from victims and survivors that bring together personal accounts of police brutality and state-sponsored violence. This wide-ranging work touches on historical and current events, including the Watts rebellion, the Zoot Suit Riots, Operation Streamline, Standing Rock, and much more. From the eyewitness accounts of Bartolomé de las Casas to the protestors and allies at Standing Rock, this book makes evident the links between colonial violence against Red-Black-Brown bodies to police violence in our communities today. Grounded in the stories of the lives of victims and survivors of police violence, Yolqui, a Warrior Summoned from the Spirit World illuminates the physical, spiritual, and epistemic depths and consequences of racialized dehumanization. Rodríguez offers us an urgent, poignant, and personal call to end violence and the philosophies that permit such violence to flourish. Like the Nahuatl yolqui, this book is intended as a means of healing, offering a footprint going back to the origins of violence, and, more important, a way forward. With contributions by Raúl Alcaraz-Ochoa, Citalli Álvarez, Tanya Alvarez, Rebekah Barber, Juvenal Caporale, David Cid, Arianna Martinez Reyna, Carlos Montes, Travis Morales, Simon Moya Smith, Cesar Noriega, Kimberly Phillips, Christian Ramirez, Michelle Rascon Canales, Carolyn Torres, Jerry Tello, Tara Trudell, and Laurie Valdez.

Queer Latino Testimonio, Keith Haring, and Juanito Xtravaganza

Download Queer Latino Testimonio, Keith Haring, and Juanito Xtravaganza PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230607020
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (36 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Queer Latino Testimonio, Keith Haring, and Juanito Xtravaganza by : A. Cruz-Malavé

Download or read book Queer Latino Testimonio, Keith Haring, and Juanito Xtravaganza written by A. Cruz-Malavé and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-10-02 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the tradition of the Latin American testimonio, this is the story of Juan Rivera, a.k.a. Juanito Xtravaganza, a Latino runaway youth who ends up homeless in the streets of New York in the late 70s and becomes partner of the internationally famous 1980s Pop artist Keith Haring during some of the most frenetically productive years of his brief life, as told to the author and retold by him. A hybrid text - part testimonio, part linguistic and cultural analysis, and part art criticism - this is also a history of New York Latino neighborhoods during this period of devastating disinvestment and gentrification, as well as a personal, heart-felt meditation on the art of listening and the ethical limits of representing queer Latino lives.

The Chicano Generation

Download The Chicano Generation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520961366
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Chicano Generation by : Mario T. García

Download or read book The Chicano Generation written by Mario T. García and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Chicano Generation, veteran Chicano civil rights scholar Mario T. García provides a rare look inside the struggles of the 1960s and 1970s as they unfolded in Los Angeles. Based on in-depth interviews conducted with three key activists, this book illuminates the lives of Raul Ruiz, Gloria Arellanes, and Rosalio Muñoz—their family histories and widely divergent backgrounds; the events surrounding their growing consciousness as Chicanos; the sexism encountered by Arellanes; and the aftermath of their political histories. In his substantial introduction, García situates the Chicano movement in Los Angeles and contextualizes activism within the largest civil rights and empowerment struggle by Mexican Americans in US history—a struggle that featured César Chávez and the farm workers, the student movement highlighted by the 1968 LA school blowouts, the Chicano antiwar movement, the organization of La Raza Unida Party, the Chicana feminist movement, the organizing of undocumented workers, and the Chicano Renaissance. Weaving this revolution against a backdrop of historic Mexican American activism from the 1930s to the 1960s and the contemporary black power and black civil rights movements, García gives readers the best representations of the Chicano generation in Los Angeles.

Transnational Testimonios

Download Transnational Testimonios PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Washington Press
ISBN 13 : 0295743921
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (957 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Transnational Testimonios by : Patricia DeRocher

Download or read book Transnational Testimonios written by Patricia DeRocher and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The activist storytelling practice of testimonio, long associated with Latin American struggles for justice, forges coalitions across social differences for the purpose of social change. Beyond Central and South America, Patricia DeRocher examines testimonios from a wide range of geopolitical sites, including Argentina, Egypt, Haiti, India, Jamaica, and Trinidad, as well as the United States, and suggests that feminist testimonios offer a model for cross-border feminist alliance building. Transnational Testimonios focuses on the questions of translation, knowledge, and power that characterize the creation and reception of these life writings. DeRocher demonstrates how these stories can mobilize social activism and intervene in epistemological impasses between the Global North and South, offering vital tools for reimagining transnational feminist politics.

Chicana/Latina Testimonios as Pedagogical, Methodological, and Activist Approaches to Social Justice

Download Chicana/Latina Testimonios as Pedagogical, Methodological, and Activist Approaches to Social Justice PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317332903
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Chicana/Latina Testimonios as Pedagogical, Methodological, and Activist Approaches to Social Justice by : Dolores Delgado Bernal

Download or read book Chicana/Latina Testimonios as Pedagogical, Methodological, and Activist Approaches to Social Justice written by Dolores Delgado Bernal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the genre of testimonio has deep roots in oral cultures and in Latin American human rights struggles, the publication and subsequent adoption of This Bridge Called My Back (Moraga & Anzaldúa, 1983) and, more recently, Telling to Live: Latina Feminist Testimonios (Latina Feminist Group, 2001), have demonstrated the power of testimonio as a genre that exposes brutality, disrupts silencing, and builds solidarity among women of colour. Within the field of education, scholars are increasingly taking up testimonio as a pedagogical, methodological, and activist approach to social justice, which transgresses traditional paradigms in academia. Unlike the more usual approach of researchers producing unbiased knowledge, the testimonio challenges objectivity by situating the individual in communion with a collective experience marked by marginalization, oppression, or resistance. This approach has resulted in new understandings about how marginalized communities build solidarity, and respond to and resist dominant culture, laws, and policies that perpetuate inequity. This book contributes to our understanding of testimonio as it relates to methodology, pedagogy, research, and reflection in pursuit of social justice. A common thread among the chapters is a sense of political urgency to address inequities within Chicana/o and Latina/o communities. This book was originally published as a special issue of Equity & Excellence in Education.

Testimonios: Stories of Latinx and Hispanic Mathematicians

Download Testimonios: Stories of Latinx and Hispanic Mathematicians PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN 13 : 1470466570
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Testimonios: Stories of Latinx and Hispanic Mathematicians by : Pamela E. Harris

Download or read book Testimonios: Stories of Latinx and Hispanic Mathematicians written by Pamela E. Harris and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2021-08-16 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Testimonios brings together first-person narratives from the vibrant, diverse, and complex Latinx and Hispanic mathematical community. Starting with childhood and family, the authors recount their own individual stories, highlighting their upbringing, education, and career paths. Their particular stories, told in their own voices, from their own perspectives, give visibility to some of the experiences of Latinx/Hispanic mathematicians. Testimonios seeks to inspire the next generation of Latinx and Hispanic mathematicians by featuring the stories of people like them, holding a mirror up to our own community. It also aims to provide a window for mathematicians (and aspiring mathematicians) from all ethnicities, with the hope of inspiring a better understanding of the diversity of the mathematical community.

Can Literature Promote Justice?

Download Can Literature Promote Justice? PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Vanderbilt University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780826515247
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (152 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Can Literature Promote Justice? by : Kimberly A. Nance

Download or read book Can Literature Promote Justice? written by Kimberly A. Nance and published by Vanderbilt University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As if in direct response to The New Yorker's question of "The Power of the Pen: Does Literature Change Anything?" Kimberly Nance takes up the relationship between ethics and literature. With the 40th anniversary of the testimonio occurring in 2006, there has never been a better time to reconsider its role in achieving social justice. The advent of the testimonio--loosely, a political autobiography of a Latin American activist who hopes, through the telling of her life story, to bring about change--was met with a great deal of excitement by scholars who posited it as a radical new form of literature. Those accolades were almost immediately followed by a series of critical problems. In what sense were testimonios "true"? What right did privileged scholars in the U.S. have to engage accounts of suffering with traditional modes of criticism? Were questions of veracity or aesthetics more important? Were these texts autobiography or political screeds? It seemed critics didn't know quite what to make of the testimonio and so, after a brief bout of engagement, disregarded it. Nance, however, argues that any form as prolific as the testimonio is well worth examining and that these questions, rather than being insurmountable, are exactly the questions with which scholars ought to be wrestling. If, as critics claim, that the testimonio is one of the most pervasive contemporary Latin American cultural genres, then it is high time for a comprehensive study of the genre such as Nance's.

The Real Thing

Download The Real Thing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780822318446
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (184 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Real Thing by : Georg M. Gugelberger

Download or read book The Real Thing written by Georg M. Gugelberger and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presented as the authentic testimony of the disenfranchised, the colonized, and the oppressed, testimonio has in the last two decades emerged as one of the most significant genres of Latin America's post-boom literature. In the political battles that have taken place around the formation of the canon, the testimonio holds a special place: no other single genre of literature has taken up such a large part of current debate. Initially hailed in the 1970s as a genuine form of resistance literature, testimonio has since undergone a significant change in its critical reception. The essays in The Real Thing analyze the testimonio, its history, and its place in contemporary consciousness. Although the literature of testimony arose on the margins of institutional power and its ends were in large part political change, the canonization of testimonio by the academic Left has moved it from margin to center, ironically bringing about the institutionalization of its transgressive and counter-hegemonic qualities. Discussing Latin American works ranging from Salvadorian writer Roque Dalton's Miguel Marmol to I . . . Rigoberta Menchu, a work that earned its author a Nobel Prize, this collection explores how critical writing about testimonio has turned into discourse about the institution of academia, the canon, postmodernism and postcolonialism, and the status of Latin American studies generally. Contributors. John Beverley, Santiago Colás, Georg M. Gugelberger, Barbara Harlow, Fredric Jameson, Alberto Moreiras, Margaret Randall, Javier Sanjines, Elzbieta Sklodowska, Doris Sommer, Gareth Williams, George Yúdice, Marc Zimmerman

Critical Terms in Caribbean and Latin American Thought

Download Critical Terms in Caribbean and Latin American Thought PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137547901
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Critical Terms in Caribbean and Latin American Thought by : Yolanda Martínez-San Miguel

Download or read book Critical Terms in Caribbean and Latin American Thought written by Yolanda Martínez-San Miguel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through a collection of critical essays, this work explores twelve keywords central in Latin American and Caribbean Studies: indigenismo, Americanism, colonialism, criollismo, race, transculturation, modernity, nation, gender, sexuality, testimonio, and popular culture. The central question motivating this work is how to think—epistemologically and pedagogically—about Latin American and Caribbean Studies as fields that have had different historical and institutional trajectories across the Caribbean, Latin America, and the United States.

Soldiers of the Virgin

Download Soldiers of the Virgin PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816512930
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Soldiers of the Virgin by : Kevin Gosner

Download or read book Soldiers of the Virgin written by Kevin Gosner and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 1992-07 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early summer of 1712, a young Maya woman from the village of Cancuc in southern Mexico encountered an apparition of the Virgin Mary while walking in the forest. The miracle soon attracted Indian pilgrims from pueblos throughout the highlands of Chiapas. When alarmed Spanish authorities stepped in to put a stop to the burgeoning cult, they ignited a full-scale rebellion. Declaring "Now there is no God or King," rebel leaders raised an army of some five thousand "soldiers of the Virgin" to defend their new faith and cast off colonial rule.Using the trial records of Mayas imprisoned after the rebellion, as well as the letters of Dominican priests, the local bishop, and Spaniards who led the army of pacification, Kevin Gosner reconstructs the history of the Tzeltal Revolt and examines its causes. He characterizes the rebellion as a defense of the Maya moral economy, and shows how administrative reforms and new economic demands imposed by colonial authorities at the end of the seventeenth century challenged Maya norms about the ritual obligations of community leaders, the need for reciprocity in political affairs, and the supernatural origins of power.The first book-length study of the Tzeltal Revolt, Soldiers of the Virgin goes beyond the conventions of the regional monograph to offer an expansive view of Maya social and cultural history. With an eye to the contributions of archaeologists and ethnographers, Gosner explores many issues that are central to Maya studies, including the origins of the civil-religious hierarchy, the role of shamanism in political culture, the social dynamics of peasant corporate communities, and the fate of the native nobility after the Spanish conquest.