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Temporal And Spatial Variability In The Quality Of Dissolved Organic Matter In Ocean Systems
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Book Synopsis Temporal and Spatial Variability in the Quality of Dissolved Organic Matter in Ocean Systems by : Stuart Jerome Goldberg
Download or read book Temporal and Spatial Variability in the Quality of Dissolved Organic Matter in Ocean Systems written by Stuart Jerome Goldberg and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2008 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceanic DOM is an important substrate that fuels heterotrophic bacterial activity, however, there is a paucity of data regarding the composition and quality of DOM in ocean systems. I analyzed the total carbohydrate (TCHO) and dissolved combined neutral sugar (DCNS) fractions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and mainly used TCHO and DCNS yields (% of DOC) to assess DOM quality over large temporal and spatial scales throughout the ocean.
Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter by : Dennis A. Hansell
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of molecules found throughout the world's oceans. It plays a key role in the export, distribution, and sequestration of carbon in the oceanic water column, posited to be a source of atmospheric climate regulation. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, focuses on the chemical constituents of DOM and its biogeochemical, biological, and ecological significance in the global ocean, and provides a single, unique source for the references, information, and informed judgments of the community of marine biogeochemists. Presented by some of the world's leading scientists, this revised edition reports on the major advances in this area and includes new chapters covering the role of DOM in ancient ocean carbon cycles, the long term stability of marine DOM, the biophysical dynamics of DOM, fluvial DOM qualities and fate, and the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, is an extremely useful resource that helps people interested in the largest pool of active carbon on the planet (DOC) get a firm grounding on the general paradigms and many of the relevant references on this topic. Features up-to-date knowledge of DOM, including five new chapters The only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea Includes chapters that address inputs from freshwater terrestrial DOM
Book Synopsis Rad/Schiene-Kontaktgeräusch-Untersuchungen zur Anwendbarkeit eines Prüfstandes im Maßstab 1:8 für Rad/Schiene-Rauhigkeiten by :
Download or read book Rad/Schiene-Kontaktgeräusch-Untersuchungen zur Anwendbarkeit eines Prüfstandes im Maßstab 1:8 für Rad/Schiene-Rauhigkeiten written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Resolving Spatial and Temporal Variability in Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics Within Combined Agricultural and Stormwater Conveyances by : Bryce A. Mihalevich
Download or read book Resolving Spatial and Temporal Variability in Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics Within Combined Agricultural and Stormwater Conveyances written by Bryce A. Mihalevich and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many urban areas, stormwater runoff can threaten the ecological health of streams and downstream water bodies. Due to the increased impervious nature of urban landscapes, runoff is more 0́−flashy0́+ and as a result, high concentrations of pollutants can be transported in shorter periods of time than in more natural environments. One pollutant of concern is dissolved organic matter (DOM). DOM is important within aquatic ecosystems, but excess amounts can cause depletion in dissolved oxygen concentrations and can negatively affect aquatic organisms. This study investigated changes in DOM quantity and sources within the Northwest Field Canal (NWFC), an urban water conveyance located in Logan, Utah, USA that receives runoff during storm events. DOM was monitored at upstream and downstream locations within the canal and at selected stormwater outfalls within the study reach. During storm events, DOM concentrations were rapidly elevated to values orders of magnitude greater than in baseflow measurements, and were greater at the downstream site than at the upstream site, triggered by contributions from outfalls discharging into the canal. Changes in DOM composition during storm events confirmed that DOM is more terrestrially derived, whereas it is normally more microbially derived during baseflow conditions in the canal. These results provide better understanding of the composition of DOM in the canal system and may provide crucial information for future management of stormwater runoff that can potentially lead to the improvements of water quality in downstream water bodies.
Book Synopsis Microbial Utilization and Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter in Aquatic Environments - from Streams to the Deep Ocean by : Johanna Sjöstedt
Download or read book Microbial Utilization and Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter in Aquatic Environments - from Streams to the Deep Ocean written by Johanna Sjöstedt and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence by : Paula G. Coble
Download or read book Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence written by Paula G. Coble and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Spatiotemporal Variability in Dissolved Organic Matter Composition and Its Relationship to Photochemical Reactivity by : Stephanie Berg (Ph.D.)
Download or read book Spatiotemporal Variability in Dissolved Organic Matter Composition and Its Relationship to Photochemical Reactivity written by Stephanie Berg (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a ubiquitous group of biologically derived organic molecules found in all natural waters. DOM makes up a substantial amount of the carbon stored in surface waters, and its original sources include allochthonous, or terrestrial, inputs as well as autochthonous, or aquatic, inputs. It is primarily made of up small (i.e.,
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter : Ocean Metabolism and Climate Transitions by : Patricia De la Fuente Gamero
Download or read book Dynamics of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter : Ocean Metabolism and Climate Transitions written by Patricia De la Fuente Gamero and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Ocean is the largest Earth compartment holding carbon and nutrients that reaches the upper-ocean at temporal scales ranging from months to 10 kyr. The availability of these nutrients is fundamental to sustain primary production and the concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in surface waters controls the glacial-interglacial changes in atmospheric CO2. One process that influences both nutrients and carbon availability is the Microbial Carbon Pump (MCP), which refers to the production of refractory dissolved organic carbon (RDOC) compounds via heterotrophic microbial activity. Variations in the RDOC pool affect long-term carbon storage in the ocean, hence influencing the carbon cycle and climate. The general objective of this thesis is to expand our understanding of the connections between RDOC production by MCP and the ocean metabolism (understood as the upper-ocean net autotrophic community production), paying special attention to the role of the marine microbial processes in the glacial-interglacial transitions of the Earth system. The RDOC production by MCP is inferred through the lineal dependence of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) and nutrients. This relationship, however, depends on the preformed content in the water masses. In this thesis, a valuable dataset, obtained from a high-resolution spatial sampling along 7.5oN in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, is used to distinguish the variability of FDOM distribution associated with in situ production from that related to the water properties at origin. A simple objective nonlinear-global methodology for resolving the non-conservative fraction of biogeochemical variables distribution is presented. The approach focuses on fitting high-order polynomial models over the entire temperature-salinity space. The differences between the modelled values and the observations are identified as biogeochemical anomalies. The goodness of the method is compared, for each water stratum, with the traditional approach, which is based on the local linear mixing of a maximum of three source water masses. The new methodology has good skill at distinguishing between the conservative and non-conservative contributions to biogeochemical variables, lending information about biogeochemical processes, stoichiometric ratios and patterns of connectivity within a certain region. For the first time, a general relationship between humic-like FDOM and AOU in the dark equatorial Atlantic Ocean is formulated, irrespective of the water masses. The results endorse the idea that FDOM is mostly produced in situ in the dark ocean. In the second part of the thesis, the role of RDOC pool in quaternary climate transitions is explored. The glacial-interglacial transitions are considered as functional states of the complex Earth system, with different energetic conditions in terms of solar energy conversion through marine photosynthesis. The oceanic system capacity to capture and transform the incident solar radiation depends on the availability of DIC and nutrients to the productive upper ocean. The supply of DIC and nutrients by the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) and the DOM pool are evaluated through a simple two-box and two-state relaxation-type model for the DIC and nutrients in the upper ocean. The model, inspired on physiological concepts, considers the upper ocean to switch between basal (glacial) and enhanced (interglacial) metabolic states. The model reproduces well the atmospheric CO2 time series for the last 420 kyr, providing a solution for the size and temporal dependence of the MOC and setting global constraints on primary production and remineralization in the upper ocean. The RDOC accumulates during the glacial period and its availability at the end of this cycle sets the metabolic intensity of the subsequent interglacial, in what constitutes a central component of the Earth's pulsating homeostatic organization.
Book Synopsis Spatial and Temporal Variation of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Absorption in the Caribbean by : María M. Méndez Silvagnoli
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Variation of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Absorption in the Caribbean written by María M. Méndez Silvagnoli and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aquatic Ecosystems: Interactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter by : Stuart Findlay
Download or read book Aquatic Ecosystems: Interactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Stuart Findlay and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overviews of the source, supply and variability of DOM, surveys of the processes that mediate inputs to microbial food webs, and syntheses consolidating research findings provide a comprehensive review of what is known of DOM in freshwater. This book will be important to anyone interested in understanding the fundamental factors associated with DOM that control aquatic ecosystems."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Advances in the Physicochemical Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter by : Fernando Rosario-Ortiz
Download or read book Advances in the Physicochemical Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Fernando Rosario-Ortiz and published by ACS Symposium. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has fascinated scientists and engineers for at least 60 years - from the initial efforts focused on measuring the concentrations of carbon in marine and aquatic systems, to the discovery of the role of DOM in the formation of disinfection byproducts, all the way to the new emphasis on the detailed understanding of the different functional groups and basic structural features which are the basis for the physicochemical properties of the material. After 50 years of work in the area, there are still many questions regarding DOM. The study of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has fascinated researchers in different fields of science and engineering for many decades. The impact that DOM has on a wide array of environmental processes has resulted in the development of a multidisciplinary community of researchers all focusing on using different analytical techniques and experimental design to better understand DOM. This book offers select case studies focusing on the advanced characterization of DOM in different environments and with respect to different processes. It results from the conclusion of a symposium that E. M. Thurman and I had organized for the 245th meeting of the American Chemical Society, which was held on April 7-11, 2013 in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science by : Robert Michener
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science written by Robert Michener and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights new and emerging uses of stable isotope analysis in a variety of ecological disciplines. While the use of natural abundance isotopes in ecological research is now relatively standard, new techniques and ways of interpreting patterns are developing rapidly. The second edition of this book provides a thorough, up-to-date examination of these methods of research. As part of the Ecological Methods and Concepts series which provides the latest information on experimental techniques in ecology, this book looks at a wide range of techniques that use natural abundance isotopes to: follow whole ecosystem element cycling understand processes of soil organic matter formation follow the movement of water in whole watersheds understand the effects of pollution in both terrestrial and aquatic environments study extreme systems such as hydrothermal vents follow migrating organisms In each case, the book explains the background to the methodology, looks at the underlying principles and assumptions, and outlines the potential limitations and pitfalls. Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science is an ideal resource for both ecologists who are new to isotopic analysis, and more experienced isotope ecologists interested in innovative techniques and pioneering new uses.
Book Synopsis Temporal and Spatial Patterns in Optical Properties of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter on Florida's Gulf Coast by : Robyn Nicole Conmy
Download or read book Temporal and Spatial Patterns in Optical Properties of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter on Florida's Gulf Coast written by Robyn Nicole Conmy and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Characterization of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) in surface and ground waters in South Florida was conducted using fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy. Waters of the West Florida Shelf are heavily influenced by many river systems on Florida's Gulf Coast that, to the first order control CDOM distributions on the shelf. Seasonal surveys revealed that changes in the underwater light field as a result of major hurricanes and resuspension events are linked closely with a number of factors prior to a storm's passing such as the presence of persistant blooms, rainfall and discharge. Additionally, storm track and wind direction were found to play a significant role in CDOM signatures. A study of ten riversheds located between the Mississippi / Atchafalya River system and the Shark River in the Everglades revealed a wide range in CDOM seasonality. A regional dependence of CDOM was also found, where highest aromaticity and concentration of organic material was found for the southernmost watersheds. Basin characteristics, vegetation differences, land use and climatic patterns are implicated in the cause for regional differences. In addition to surface flow, organic material in groundwater was measured in deep and shallow aquifers surrounding the Tampa Bay Estuary. As a result of strong hydrologic links between shallow aquifers and the overlying surface waters, CDOM in both reservoirs were found to be quite similar. Deep aquifers (> 150 ft) however are less concentrated and have CDOM signatures more similar to marine waters. This suggests similar biogeochemical pathways of the material, including the influence of the aquatic microbial community. Furthermore, multi-spectral CDOM fluorescence measurements were shown to be a potential indicator of groundwater presence in Tampa Bay during times of low surficial discharge to the bay, and when some rivers are almost entirely spring-fed. Investigating CDOM distribution and signatures is vital to carbon budget and cycling questions. The amount and quality of organic material has significant implications for ecosystems, thereby affecting organisms that use CDOM as a food source, light availability for photosynthesis, UV shading provided to biota, satellite estimates of chlorophyll a, metal binding, materials transport and overall water quality.
Book Synopsis Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Continental Margins by : Kon-Kee Liu
Download or read book Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Continental Margins written by Kon-Kee Liu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-11 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a product of the joint JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study)/LOICZ (Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone) Continental Margins Task Team which was established to facilitate continental margins research in the two projects. It contains signi cant information on the physical, biogeochemical, and ecosystems of continental margins nationally and regionally and provides a very valuable synthesis of this information and the physical, biogeochemical and ecosystem processes which occur on continental margins. The publication of this book is timely as it provides a very strong foundation for the development of the joint IMBER (Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystems Research)/LOICZ Science Plan and Implemen- tion Strategy for biogeochemical and ecosystems research in the continental margins and the impacts of global change on these systems. This initiative will move forward integrated biogeochemical and ecosystems research in the continental margins. We thank all the contributors to this volume and especially Kon-Kee Liu who has dedicated a great deal of time to ensuring a high-quality book is published. IMBER Scienti c Steering Committee Julie Hall LOICZ Scienti c Steering Committee Jozef Pacyna v 1 Preface In general, interfaces between the Earth’s larger material reservoirs (i. e. , the land, atmosphere, ocean, and sediments) are important in the control of the biogeoche- cal dynamics and cycling of the major bio-essential elements, including carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and silicon (Si), found in organic matter and the inorganic skeletons, shells, and tests of benthic and marine organisms.
Book Synopsis Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science by :
Download or read book Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-03-06 with total page 4604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of estuaries and coasts has seen enormous growth in recent years, since changes in these areas have a large effect on the food chain, as well as on the physics and chemistry of the ocean. As the coasts and river banks around the world become more densely populated, the pressure on these ecosystems intensifies, putting a new focus on environmental, socio-economic and policy issues. Written by a team of international expert scientists, under the guidance of Chief Editors Eric Wolanski and Donald McClusky, the Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science, Ten Volume Set examines topics in depth, and aims to provide a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Most up-to-date reference for system-based coastal and estuarine science and management, from the inland watershed to the ocean shelf Chief editors have assembled a world-class team of volume editors and contributing authors Approach focuses on the physical, biological, chemistry, ecosystem, human, ecological and economics processes, to show how to best use multidisciplinary science to ensure earth's sustainability Provides a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Features up-to-date chapters covering a full range of topics
Book Synopsis Linking Optical and Chemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter in Natural Waters by : Christopher L. Osburn
Download or read book Linking Optical and Chemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter in Natural Waters written by Christopher L. Osburn and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial increase in the number of studies using the optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a proxy for its chemical properties in estuaries and the coastal and open ocean has occurred during the last decade. We are making progress on finding the actual chemical compounds or phenomena responsible for DOM’s optical properties. Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, in particular, has made important progress in making the key connections between optics and chemistry. But serious questions remain and the last major special issue on DOM optics and chemistry occurred nearly 10 years ago. Controversies remain from the non-specific optical properties of DOM that are not linked to discrete sources, and sometimes provide conflicting information. The use of optics, which is relatively easier to employ in synoptic and high resolution sampling to determine chemistry, is a critical connection to make and can lead to major advances in our understanding of organic matter cycling in all aquatic ecosystems. The contentions and controversies raised by our poor understanding of the linkages between optics and chemistry of DOM are bottlenecks that need to be addressed and overcome.
Book Synopsis Ocean Acidification by : National Research Council
Download or read book Ocean Acidification written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.
