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Taxes And The User Cost Of Capital For Owner Occupied Housing
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Book Synopsis Taxes and the User Cost of Capital for Owner-occupied Housing by : Patric H. Hendershott
Download or read book Taxes and the User Cost of Capital for Owner-occupied Housing written by Patric H. Hendershott and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Owner-occupied housing is said to be favored in the tax code because mortgage interest and property taxes can be deducted in the computation of one's income tax base in spite of the fact that the returns from owner- occupied housing = not taxed. The special tax treatment reduces the user cost of capital for owner-occupied homing. The issue treated in this paper is the measurement of the tax rate to be employed in the user cost calculations. It is argued that different tax rates am appropriate for the tenure choice and quantity-demanded decisions, and that these values depend on the detailed tax position of the household and the method of finance. Average 1977 tax rates for households in different income ranges are calculated using the NBER TAXSIM microeconomic data file on individual tax returns.
Book Synopsis Taxation and the Owner Occupied Housing Market by : Michael Ball
Download or read book Taxation and the Owner Occupied Housing Market written by Michael Ball and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Cost of Capital, Tax Reform and the Future of the Rental Housing Market by : Denise DiPasquale
Download or read book The Cost of Capital, Tax Reform and the Future of the Rental Housing Market written by Denise DiPasquale and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Impact of the Federal Income Tax on Investment in Housing by : Frank De Leeuw
Download or read book The Impact of the Federal Income Tax on Investment in Housing written by Frank De Leeuw and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Income Tax Provisions Affecting Owner-occupied Housing by : James M. Poterba
Download or read book Income Tax Provisions Affecting Owner-occupied Housing written by James M. Poterba and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mortgage interest deduction, the property tax deduction, the unique treatment of capital gains on owner-occupied homes, and the absence of taxation on imputed rent from owner-occupied homes all influence the effective cost of housing services. They also affect federal income tax revenues and the distribution of income tax liabilities. We draw on household-level data from the 2004 Survey of Consumer Finances to analyze how several potential reforms would affect incentives for housing consumption as well as the distribution of income tax burdens. Our analysis recognizes that changing the mortgage interest deduction would induce changes in household financial behavior. We estimate that repealing the mortgage interest deduction in 2003 would have raised income tax revenues by $72.4 billion in the absence of any portfolio adjustments, but by only $61.9 billion if homeowners responded by drawing down a limited set of financial assets to partially replace their mortgage debt. The revenue effects of changing the property tax deduction similarly depend on how state and local governments alter their mix of revenue instruments in response to federal tax reform. Our results underscore the importance of recognizing behavioral responses when calculating the revenue costs of income tax provisions relating to owner-occupied housing.
Book Synopsis Investment in Housing in the United States by : Krister Andersson
Download or read book Investment in Housing in the United States written by Krister Andersson and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1990-10-01 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well known that the preferential tax treatment of housing induces an inefficient allocation of saving and investment. This paper analyzes, in a portfolio framework, how eliminating the deductibility of mortgage interest payments for federal income tax purposes might affect investment in housing. Expected rate of return and risk is estimated for three assets, bonds, housing, and stocks. The possibility that assets are imperfect substitutes is explicitly recognized in one section of the paper. The model suggests that the share of housing is likely to decrease by 4 to 9 percentage points if mortgage interest payments are not deductible. This may call for careful phasing of the change in policy.
Book Synopsis Taxation, Housing Markets, and the Markets for Building Land by : Bernd Gutting
Download or read book Taxation, Housing Markets, and the Markets for Building Land written by Bernd Gutting and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost everywhere in the world housing policies play an important role in government programs. Especially in the industrialized Western economies housing policy issues are triggered mainly by two developments: growing population density and increasing environmental pollution enforce a systematic planning of regional and urban development; all social groups want to participate in the increasing welfare of the domestic economies; until today housing policy is considered an appropriate tool for redistribution and social policy. Taxation serves as an important instrument for the realization of the political objectives mentioned above. Surprisingly, there exists wide-spread consent (even on the academic side) on the effectivity of this instrument. However, strictly speaking this consent concerns only the short run. Long-term effects are usually ignored. Therefore, there is always the inherent risk in these policies that (supposed) market inefficiencies will not be cured, but merely carried forward, and possibly amplified. Moreover, it is characteristic for the political discussion that there is no consistent notion of what efficient housing and land markets ought to look like. Generally accepted for example, is the position that land speculation should be fought whereever possible. Hardly anyone asks the question whether the holding of building land will be beneficial to the economy as a whole, and not only to the speculant.
Book Synopsis Government Policies and the Allocation of Capital Between Residential and Industrial Uses by : Patric H. Hendershott
Download or read book Government Policies and the Allocation of Capital Between Residential and Industrial Uses written by Patric H. Hendershott and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper contains three parts: a discussion of the tax advantages of household capital (owner-occupied housing and consumer durables) relative to business capital (structures and producers durables) ,an analysis of alternative mechanisms for reducing these advantages (including the use of the mechanisms since 1965) ,and a brief enumeration of various attempts to lower the residential mortgage rate relative to other debt yields that have been employed during the past two decades or are currently being advocated.
Book Synopsis Tax Reform and the Cost of Capital by : Dale Weldeau Jorgenson
Download or read book Tax Reform and the Cost of Capital written by Dale Weldeau Jorgenson and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tax reform movement that swept the U.S., Great Britain, and most other industrialized nations during the last decade has focused attention on international comparisons of the cost of capital. More recently, international comparability has become a critical issue of tax harmonization. This is a vital concern in the European Community, as well as between Canada and the United States. This volume provides international comparisons of the cost of different types of capital for nine major industrialized countries -- Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States -- for the period 1980-1990. In the early 1980s the introduction of tax incentives for saving and investment gradually shifted the tax base from income toward consumption. By 1990 most of these special tax provisions had been reduced or repealed in order to lower tax rates and equalize the tax treatment of different forms of capital income. Income was firmly reestablished as the most appropriate basis for taxation. Separate chapters for each of the nine countries, written by leading experts in public economics, provide detailed accounts of tax policy changes over the decade. Each chapter contains a quantitative description of these tax policies and summarizes this information in the form of effective tax rates. The book thus serves as an indispensable reference for comparing capital income taxation in industrialized countries during a period of rapid policy change.
Book Synopsis The Taxation of Income from Capital by : Arnold C. Harberger
Download or read book The Taxation of Income from Capital written by Arnold C. Harberger and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compilation of papers on problems of income taxation and the effects thereof on capital gains in the USA - covers economic implications, legal aspects of the tax system, fiscal policy, long term pattern of financing of enterprises, the effects of income taxation on labour force supply, etc., and includes statistical tables and information on personal income and investment. References.
Book Synopsis The Impacts on Capital Allocation of Some Aspects of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 by : Patric H. Hendershott
Download or read book The Impacts on Capital Allocation of Some Aspects of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 written by Patric H. Hendershott and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops and employs a five-asset, four-household and single-business sector simulation model to measure the long-run impacts of the major provisions of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 on the allocation of a fixed capital stock among owner-occupied housing, rental housing, and nonresidential capital. The specific provisions analyzed are the increases in tax depreciation for nonresidential capital and rental housing and the reduction in the maximum tax rate on unearned income. Our analysis suggests a 6 percent increase in nonresidential capital, an 11 percent decline in owner-occupied housing and little change in rental housing (the increase in the number of renters -- the homeownership rate declines by 1 1/2 percentage points -- offsets a decline in the quantity of rental services demanded per renter). In the absence of an increase in aggregate saving, real pretax interest rates rise by nearly two percentage points. Corporate profit taxes decline by 60 percent, and after-tax earnings rise by 25 percent. As a result of the Act, the net (of depreciation) user costs for the three types of capital will almost be equalized.
Book Synopsis Variations in Property Taxes and Investment in Owner-occupied Housing by : Michael A. Stegman
Download or read book Variations in Property Taxes and Investment in Owner-occupied Housing written by Michael A. Stegman and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on Capital Gains Taxes and Housing by : Zachary William Richards
Download or read book Essays on Capital Gains Taxes and Housing written by Zachary William Richards and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is a collection of three essays regarding the effects of federal taxation of residential capital, with a focus on owner-occupied housing. Owner-occupied housing is granted a number of tax subsidies under the federal individual income tax code. Among them are the mortgage interest and property tax deductions and the tax exclusions on imputed rental income for the homeowner and capital gains from the sale of a primary residence. In the first essay, entitled ʺDoes the Exclusion of Capital Gains Taxes on Housing Promote Labor Mobility?", I examine the impact of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 (TRA97), which dramatically reduced effective tax rates on residential capital gains, on the likelihood of a homeowner undertaking a job-related relocation. The results indicate that homeowners with large accrued gains are more likely to move for job-related reasons after the passage of TRA97 than before, implying efficiency gains from a spatial reallocation of labor. In the second essay, "The Effects of EGTRRA and JGTRRA Expiration on the User Cost of Housing", I calculate last-dollar user costs for owner-occupants using an augmented model that incorporates the current tax exclusion of residential capital gains. User cost calculations are made under current and future policy to determine the effects of higher marginal income and capital gains tax rates on the costs of homeownership. The results indicate that the expiration of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (EGTRRA) and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 (JGTRRA) will have a regressive effect on user costs, with high-income homeowners receiving the largest percentage reductions despite higher long-term capital gains tax rates. The final essay, "Residential Capital Gains Taxes and the Dynamics of Housing Markets", examines the macroeconomic implications of TRA97. I present evidence that a structural break occurred around the time of its implementation, affecting the relationship between aggregaegate measures of the housing market, money growth, and output. This suggests that effective tax rates on residential capital gains play an important role in the fluctuations of residential fixed investment and may alter the impacts of monetary policy.
Book Synopsis Housing Tenure, Uncertainty, and Taxation by : Harvey S. Rosen
Download or read book Housing Tenure, Uncertainty, and Taxation written by Harvey S. Rosen and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern empirical work on the choice between renting and owning focuses on the concept of the "user cost" of housing, which integrates into a single measure the various components of housing costs. The standard approach implicitly assumes that households know the user cost of housing with certainty. However, the ex post user cost measure exhibits substantial variability over time, and it is highly unlikely that individuals believe themselves able to forecast these fluctuations with certainty. In this paper, we construct and estimate a model of the tenure choice that explicitly allows for the effects of uncertainty. The results suggest that previous work which ignored uncertainty may have overstated the effects of the income tax system upon the tenure choice.
Book Synopsis Effects of Inflation and the Tax Structure on Residential and Nonresidential Investment by : Yoktone Benjauthrit
Download or read book Effects of Inflation and the Tax Structure on Residential and Nonresidential Investment written by Yoktone Benjauthrit and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Income Tax Treatment of Owner-occupied Housing by : Paul Edward Merz
Download or read book The Income Tax Treatment of Owner-occupied Housing written by Paul Edward Merz and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inflation, Income Taxes and Owner-occupied Housing by : James M. Poterba
Download or read book Inflation, Income Taxes and Owner-occupied Housing written by James M. Poterba and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
