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Taxation Without Representation In Contemporary Rural China
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Book Synopsis Taxation without Representation in Contemporary Rural China by : Thomas P. Bernstein
Download or read book Taxation without Representation in Contemporary Rural China written by Thomas P. Bernstein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-03-27 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The financial burden imposed upon the Chinese farmer by local taxes has become a major source of discontent in the Chinese countryside and a worrisome source of political and social instability for the Chinese government. Bernstein and Lü examine the forms and sources of heavy, informal taxation, and shed light on how peasants defend their interests by adopting strategies of collective resistance (both peaceful and violent). Bernstein and Lü also explain why the central government, while often siding with the peasants, has not been able to solve the burden problem by instituting a sound, reliable financial system in the countryside. While the regime has, to some extent, sought to empower farmers to defend their interests - by informing them about tax rules, expanding the legal system, and instituting village elections, for example, these attempts have not yet generated enough power from 'below' to counter powerful, local official agencies.
Book Synopsis Taxation Without Representation in Rural China by : Thomas P. Bernstein
Download or read book Taxation Without Representation in Rural China written by Thomas P. Bernstein and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tax Reform in Rural China by : Hiroki Takeuchi
Download or read book Tax Reform in Rural China written by Hiroki Takeuchi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-11 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does China maintain authoritarian rule while it is committed to market-oriented economic reforms? This book analyzes this puzzle by offering a systematic analysis of the central-local governmental relationship in rural China, focusing on rural taxation and political participation. Drawing on in-depth interviews with Chinese local officials and villagers, and combining them with game-theoretic analyses, it argues that the central government uses local governments as a target of blame for the problems that the central government has actually created. The most recent rural tax reforms, which began in 2000, were a conscious trade-off between fiscal crises and rural instability. For the central government, local fiscal crises and the lack of public goods in agricultural areas were less serious concerns than the heavy financial burdens imposed on farmers and the rural unrest that the predatory extractive behavior of local governments had generated in the 1990s, which threatened both economic reforms and authoritarian rule.
Book Synopsis Power and Wealth in Rural China by : Susan H. Whiting
Download or read book Power and Wealth in Rural China written by Susan H. Whiting and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-02 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on China's rural industries, offering an innovative, theoretical framework to explain insitutional change. Susan Whiting explores the complex interactions of individuals, institutions, and the broader political economy to examine variation and change in property rights and extractive institutions in China's rural industrial sector. Whiting explains why public ownership predominated during the early years of reform and why privatization is now taking place. This book will be of interest not only to students and scholars of Chinese economic development, but also of comparative politics and political economy more generally.
Download or read book Useful Complaints written by Jing Chen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-09-09 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops an informational theory to account for the coexistence of China’s exceptionally resilient authoritarianism and its high decentralization. The nuanced information contained in citizens’ complaints, which are filed through the petition system, helps to sustain China’s decentralized authoritarianism in three important ways. First, petitions help to alleviate the information asymmetry problem that arises when the central government has less information than lower level governments do. When studying citizens’ petitions, higher level governments can obtain valuable and accurate information about local officials’ performance in policy implementation, public goods provision, and corruption. Higher level governments need this information in order to effectively utilize the cadre management system to reward good performance and punish malpractice. The result of this interaction is the PRC’s relatively high quality of governance and effective control of local officials. There is also a second way in which citizens’ petitions help the government to overcome the dictator’s dilemma that arises when an authoritarian regime is uncertain about how much support it really enjoys among its citizens. Citizens’ specific grievances are revealed in these petitions and are mostly addressed in their beginning stages. When citizens’ complaints are rooted in central policy, they set the agenda for policy change in order to maintain social order. There is yet a third benefit conferred upon the PRC by the petition system. Thanks to the petition system, the central government can present itself as the ally of citizens when it addresses the matters raised by their petitions. As a result, the petition system grants the central government an opportunity to hold local officials accountable, scapegoat local authorities, divide citizens and local officials, and justly claim all the credit when its policies succeed. This helps to build citizens’ trust in their central government and reinforces its legitimacy in their eyes. In Huntington’s terms, the Chinese Communist Party institutionalizes mass support by addressing citizens’ grievances expressed through the channel of communication provided by the petition system. In this sense, the complaints of citizens can be very useful tools for regime maintenance. The author substantiates these points with case studies and statistical analysis.
Book Synopsis Rural Politics in Contemporary China by : Emily T. Yeh
Download or read book Rural Politics in Contemporary China written by Emily T. Yeh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection provides an overview of China’s rural politics, bringing scholarship on agrarian politics from various social science disciplines together in one place. The twelve contributions, spanning history, anthropology, sociology, environmental studies, political science, and geography, address enduring questions in peasant studies, including the relationship between states and peasants, taxation, social movements, rural-urban linkages, land rights and struggles, gender relations, and environmental politics. Taking rural politics as the power-inflected processes and struggles that shape access and control over resources in the countryside, as well as the values, ideologies and discourses that shape those processes, the volume brings research on China into conversation with the traditions and concerns of peasant studies scholarship. It provides both an introduction to those unfamiliar with Chinese politics, as well as in-depth, new research for experts in the field. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of Peasant Studies.
Book Synopsis Taxation and State-Building in Developing Countries by : Deborah Brautigam
Download or read book Taxation and State-Building in Developing Countries written by Deborah Brautigam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-10 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a widespread concern that, in some parts of the world, governments are unable to exercise effective authority. When governments fail, more sinister forces thrive: warlords, arms smugglers, narcotics enterprises, kidnap gangs, terrorist networks, armed militias. Why do governments fail? This book explores an old idea that has returned to prominence: that authority, effectiveness, accountability and responsiveness is closely related to the ways in which governments are financed. It matters that governments tax their citizens rather than live from oil revenues and foreign aid, and it matters how they tax them. Taxation stimulates demands for representation, and an effective revenue authority is the central pillar of state capacity. Using case studies from Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America, this book presents and evaluates these arguments, updates theories derived from European history in the light of conditions in contemporary poorer countries, and draws conclusions for policy-makers.
Book Synopsis A Study of the Stability of Contemporary Rural Chinese Society by : Xing Ying
Download or read book A Study of the Stability of Contemporary Rural Chinese Society written by Xing Ying and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the last work of the author’s trilogy on Chinese rural politics. In the background of prominent social conflicts since the 1990s during China’s social transformation, the author conducted in-depth comparative analyses of several conflicts to understand the changes in goals, driving forces, and operating systems in the Chinese rural group contentions. His analyses also focused the changes in techniques and strategies of the governments’ stability maintenance, as well as the complicated social and political consequences brought by these changes. This book applies a very unique perspective – “vigor” in the Chinese culture – to understand contemporary rural contentious politics, in an attempt to overcome the problem brought by sense and sensibility and the confrontation between power and morality in the current contentious politics studies. And such a perspective successfully avoids the opposition between the transplanting school and rural school, which pushes forward the frontier of research on contentious political theories and rural societies.
Book Synopsis Tax Reform in Rural China by : Hiroki Takeuchi
Download or read book Tax Reform in Rural China written by Hiroki Takeuchi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-11 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book answers the important question - how does China maintain authoritarian rule while it is committed to market-oriented economic reforms?
Book Synopsis Popular Protest in China by : Teresa Wright
Download or read book Popular Protest in China written by Teresa Wright and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-07-26 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular protest in China has been widespread and prevalent. Why do people protest and how are such demonstrations handled by the authorities? Could they ultimately imperil China’s political system? In this book, Teresa Wright analyzes the array of protests that have swept China in the post-Mao period. Exploring popular contention through a range of different groups – from farmers to factory workers, urban homeowners to environmentalists, nationalists to dissidents, ethnic minorities to Hong Kong residents, Wright shows that – with the exception of the latter – popular protest has achieved adequate government responses to the public’s most serious grievances. Yet Wright cautions that this may not last forever. For Chinese citizens that engage in protest often suffer serious emotional and physical costs. As a result, they have developed an unhealthy relationship with the regime. In this context, Xi Jinping’s recent efforts to restrict public expression may backfire – leading to an explosive dynamic that may threaten the political stability that China’s ruling elites so desire.
Book Synopsis State and Society in 21st Century China by : Peter Hays Gries
Download or read book State and Society in 21st Century China written by Peter Hays Gries and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a team of leading China scholars, this book explores the dynamics of state power and legitimation in twenty-first century China, and the implications of changing state-society relations for the future viability of the People's Republic. Key subjects covered include: the legitimacy of the Communist Party state-society relations ethnic and religious resistance rural and urban contention nationalism popular and youth culture prospects for democracy.
Book Synopsis Taxation in ASEAN and China by : Nolan Cormac Sharkey
Download or read book Taxation in ASEAN and China written by Nolan Cormac Sharkey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers a cross-disciplinary group of imminent scholars who have focussed their research on Tax in ASEAN and China and traverses a wide range of regional issues and jurisdictions.
Book Synopsis China Today, China Tomorrow by : Joseph Fewsmith
Download or read book China Today, China Tomorrow written by Joseph Fewsmith and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mindy T. Barnes is introduced in the 1st book of this fantasy/sci-fi series where nothing is exactly as it appears to be and secrets are everywhere. Mindy is an independent young girl who wakes up at 12 years of age to a leadership role she never expected and to gifts way beyond her imagination. The life she knew unravels as she moves towards fulfilling her destiny. She develops a difficult yet very important relationship with Zack, travels to the planet Tessina in a test tube vial, and ends up on a collision course with the challenges of managing the lives of thousands. Mindy's greatest challenge, though, is a man who claims to have created her and a number of other races - among them the Native and the Earth Tessinians. Plot twists and turns, and memorable characters add to the richness of this fast-paced read for both adults and younger readers. "What a story! What an ending!" ~ Lola S. Book includes: Topics of Discussion for Reading Groups and Teachers, and other important story reference materials Books in the Secret Life of Mindy T. Barnes series By Lila Moon [email protected] Book 1 - Life Unraveled Book 2 - The Rebellion Book 3 - Escape (end of 2013) Book 4 - Birthing Pains (2014) Book 5 - Life, Love and War (2014) Book 6 - The Dying Times (2014) ...LIKE 'Mindy T. Barnes' on Facebook and get the New Tessinian font downloaded to your computer (The font includes Mindy's handwriting and 44 symbols.)
Book Synopsis The Politics of Rural Reform in China by : Christian Göbel
Download or read book The Politics of Rural Reform in China written by Christian Göbel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a treasure trove of information collected through fieldwork interviews and painstaking documentary research through the Chinese and Western language presses, this book analyzes one of the most important reforms implemented in China over the past decade – the rural tax and fee reform, also known as the "Third Revolution in the Countryside". The aim of the tax was to improve social stability in rural China, which has become increasingly shaken by peasant protests, many of them large-scale and violent. By examining the gap between the intentions of the reform and the eventual outcomes, Göbel provides new insights into the nature of intergovernmental relations in China and highlights the ways in which the relationship between the state and the rural populace has fundamentally changed forever. The Politics of Rural Reform in China will appeal to students and scholars of Chinese politics, governance and development studies.
Book Synopsis Rising Inequality in China by : Shi Li
Download or read book Rising Inequality in China written by Shi Li and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the evolution of economic inequality in China from 2002 to 2007; a sequel to Inequality and Public Policy in China (2008).
Book Synopsis Collective Resistance in China by : Yongshun Cai
Download or read book Collective Resistance in China written by Yongshun Cai and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-17 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the factors that determine the direct and indirect outcomes of collective resistance in contemporary China as well as the government's strategies to maintain social stability amid the numerous social conflicts.
Download or read book Chinese Politics written by Peter Gries and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-01-28 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a team of leading China scholars this text interrogates the dynamics of state power and legitimation in 21st Century China. Despite the continuing economic successes and rising international prestige of China there has been increasing social protests over corruption, land seizures, environmental concerns, and homeowner movements. Such political contestation presents an opportunity to explore the changes occurring in China today – what are the goals of political contestation, how are Chinese Communist Party leaders legitimizing their rule, who are the specific actors involved in contesting state legitimacy today and what are the implications of changing state-society relations for the future viability of the People’s Republic? Key subjects covered include: the legitimacy of the Communist Party internet censorship ethnic resistance rural and urban contention nationalism youth culture labour relations. Chinese Politics is an essential read for all students and scholars of contemporary China as well as those interested in the dynamics of political and social change.
