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Tariff And Science Policies
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Book Synopsis Tariff and Science Policies by : D.J. Daly
Download or read book Tariff and Science Policies written by D.J. Daly and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 1976-12-15 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This controversial analysis of economic nationalism will interest economists and those concerned with nationalism and the competitive position of Canadian manufacturing. It is the first attempt to test empirically an economic model of nationalism, a model which implies than an emphasis on nationalism ultimately reduces economic efficiency – with low-income groups bearing most of the resultant cost – and redistributes income from lower – to upper-income individuals. Applying the model to federal commercial and science policies, the authors argue that these policies have contributed to the high costs and low productivity of Canadian manufacturing and retarded the adoption of new processes and improved techniques. They find that the costs of these are borne by the urban workers and the consumer, while the major beneficiaries are Canadian managers, scientists, and engineers. The efficiency and competitive position of Canadian industry are reduced and income redistributed from lower- to upper-income groups. Science policies designed to increase, at high cost, a broad range of Canadian research and development capabilities are related to the slower adoption of new manufacturing processes in Canada than in the United States and Europe. The authors conclude that greater trade liberalization and increased industrial specialization would benefit Canada and Ontario, that more emphasis should be placed on rapid diffusion of innovation, and that research should be concentrated in fields where Canada has a potential competitive advantage.
Book Synopsis Tariff and Science Policies by : Donald J. Daly
Download or read book Tariff and Science Policies written by Donald J. Daly and published by . This book was released on with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Commercial Policies by : George Mygatt Fisk
Download or read book International Commercial Policies written by George Mygatt Fisk and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the 1907 edition by George Mygatt Fisk. Bibliography: p. 291-305.
Book Synopsis Import Tariffs as Environmental Policy Instruments by : C. Kraus
Download or read book Import Tariffs as Environmental Policy Instruments written by C. Kraus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-05-31 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theoretical claims for eco-tariffs are rigorously analyzed within a unified framework formed of an international trade model enriched with both a domestic and a global externality. During the course of the analysis the model is modified to analyze an array of contexts for which eco-tariffs have been claimed to improve environmental quality or welfare. The circumstances and conditions are characterised under which such tariffs can be shown to improve environmental quality and social welfare, taking account of general equilibrium effects. The theoretical results are applied in a policy analysis of eco-tariffs and other trade instruments in the context of domestic and global environmental policy in order to assess the relevance of the eco-tariffs that have been subjected to the theoretical analysis. Finally, the GATT/WTO rules and regulations are presented, since to date these have banned the use of eco-tariffs. The rules and regulations are mapped against the theoretical results to show which rules ought to be changed.
Book Synopsis Tariffs, Reciprocity and Foreign Trade by : American Academy of Political and Social Science
Download or read book Tariffs, Reciprocity and Foreign Trade written by American Academy of Political and Social Science and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tariff written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-02-11 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Tariff A tariff is a tax imposed by the government of a country or by a supranational union on imports or exports of goods. Besides being a source of revenue for the government, import duties can also be a form of regulation of foreign trade and policy that taxes foreign products to encourage or safeguard domestic industry. Protective tariffs are among the most widely used instruments of protectionism, along with import quotas and export quotas and other non-tariff barriers to trade. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Tariff Chapter 2: Balance of trade Chapter 3: Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act Chapter 4: McKinley Tariff Chapter 5: Free trade Chapter 6: Import substitution industrialization Chapter 7: Protectionism Chapter 8: Export Chapter 9: National Policy Chapter 10: Non-tariff barriers to trade Chapter 11: Common external tariff Chapter 12: Tariff in United States history Chapter 13: Voluntary export restraint Chapter 14: Competition (economics) Chapter 15: Foreign trade of the United States Chapter 16: Protectionism in the United States Chapter 17: Protective tariff Chapter 18: Destination-based cash flow tax Chapter 19: German tariff of 1879 Chapter 20: History of tariffs in Australia Chapter 21: Pork war (II) Answering the public top questions about tariff. (III) Real world examples for the usage of tariff in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Tariff.
Book Synopsis The Tariff Problem by : William James Ashley
Download or read book The Tariff Problem written by William James Ashley and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive analysis of the tariff problem in the late 19th century. The author offers a historical overview of tariffs and trade policies, and examines the impact of tariffs on various industries and sectors of the economy. The book also contains a discussion of the political and economic implications of the tariff problem. This book is an essential resource for students and scholars of economics and political science. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Book Synopsis International Commercial Policies by : George Mygatt Fisk
Download or read book International Commercial Policies written by George Mygatt Fisk and published by . This book was released on 1930 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clashing Over Commerce by : Douglas A. Irwin
Download or read book Clashing Over Commerce written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs
Book Synopsis Ideas, Interests, and American Trade Policy by : Judith Goldstein
Download or read book Ideas, Interests, and American Trade Policy written by Judith Goldstein and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To citizens and political analysts alike, United States trade law is an incoherent conglomeration of policies, both liberal and protectionist. Seeking to understand the contradictions in American policy, Judith Goldstein offers the first book to demonstrate the impact of the political past on today's trade decisions. As she traces the history of trade agreements from the antebellum era through the 1980s, she addresses a fundamental question: What effects do shared ideas about economics—as opposed to national power or individual self-interest—have on the institutions that make and enforce trade law? Goldstein argues that successful ideas become embedded in institutions and typically outlive the time during which they served social interests. She sets the stage with a discussion of the shifting commercial policy of the first half of the nineteenth century. After examining the consequences of the Republican party's decision to promote high tariffs between 1870 and 1930, she then considers in detail the political aftermath of the Great Depression, when the Democratic party settled on a reciprocal trade platform. Because the Democrats did not completely dismantle the existing system, however, the combined legacies of protection and openness help explain the intricacies in the forms of protectionism that political leaders have advocated since World War II. Readers in such fields as political science, political economy, policy studies and law, international relations, and American history will welcome Ideas, Interests, and American Trade Policy.
Book Synopsis The Determination of a Tariff Policy by a Scientific Formula by : Frederick Barnard Hawley
Download or read book The Determination of a Tariff Policy by a Scientific Formula written by Frederick Barnard Hawley and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis American Economic Policies Since the Armistice by : Academy of Political Science (U.S.)
Download or read book American Economic Policies Since the Armistice written by Academy of Political Science (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Institutions and Trade Policy by : J. M. Finger
Download or read book Institutions and Trade Policy written by J. M. Finger and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reprints 18 essays selected from almost 30 years of work by the author as a high level official at the UN Conference on Trade and Development, the US Treasury Department and the World Bank. These essays report some of the core analytical thinking behind positions taken by these agencies on major issues in international trade policy: e.g., the shift of view on 'trade and development' from the presumption that developing countries should receive 'special and differential treatment' to today's view that they should aggressively exploit opportunities that international trade offers. Other essays report analytical work at the US Treasury Department on proposals in the 1970s for a 'New International Economic Order' - findings that supported the more conservative line that the US government eventually took, even though the Kissinger State Department urged a more accommodating line. Some essays are highly critical, e.g., of antidumping and its use by developing countries as well as by the United States, and of the GATT/WTO system itself as a template for economic policy. Scholars and students interested in how the GATT/WTO works as a policy making system will find this collection revealing as will readers interested in a way to evaluate the impact of antidumping (and other 'trade remedies') on the national economic system and on how to construct policy mechanisms that more effectively bring the interests of all US citizens into the making of US trade policy. In addition, many of these essays are useful for courses in international economics, international relations and policy science.
Book Synopsis The Tariff Policy of England and of the United States Contrasted by : Erastus Brigham Bigelow
Download or read book The Tariff Policy of England and of the United States Contrasted written by Erastus Brigham Bigelow and published by . This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Tariff Policy of England and of the United States Contrasted is an unchanged, high-quality reprint of the original edition of 1877. Hansebooks is editor of the literature on different topic areas such as research and science, travel and expeditions, cooking and nutrition, medicine, and other genres. As a publisher we focus on the preservation of historical literature. Many works of historical writers and scientists are available today as antiques only. Hansebooks newly publishes these books and contributes to the preservation of literature which has become rare and historical knowledge for the future.
Book Synopsis Peeling Away the Layers: Impacts of Durable Tariff Elimination by : Arevik Gnutzmann-Mkrtchyan
Download or read book Peeling Away the Layers: Impacts of Durable Tariff Elimination written by Arevik Gnutzmann-Mkrtchyan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-05-10 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We demonstrate that durable MFN tariff elimination affects trade patterns through several layers, which generates non-linear impacts. First, complete tariff elimination results in a large additional trade gains over and above tariff reductions. Second, commitment to durable tariff elimination, through WTO bindings, further boosts both imports and exports of ITA members. The unique setting of the WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA) allows us to identify these effects of non-discriminatory trade policies because (i) ITA constitutes a quasi-natural experiment as several “passive” signatories joined it as an unavoidable part of pursuing of a larger policy objective, and (ii) ITA's partial coverage of the IT sector provides a natural control group for cross-product identification. Commitments under the ITA spurned development of a downstream IT export sector in “passive” signatories.
Book Synopsis International Trade Policies by : John S. Odell
Download or read book International Trade Policies written by John S. Odell and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gives political and economic perspectives on international trade issues.
Book Synopsis Interests and Tariff Policy by : Diane Monson
Download or read book Interests and Tariff Policy written by Diane Monson and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
