Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Target Product Profile To Detect Dracunculus Medinensis Presence In Environmental Samples
Download Target Product Profile To Detect Dracunculus Medinensis Presence In Environmental Samples full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Target Product Profile To Detect Dracunculus Medinensis Presence In Environmental Samples ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Target product profile to detect Dracunculus medinensis presence in environmental samples by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Target product profile to detect Dracunculus medinensis presence in environmental samples written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2024-04-03 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dracunculiasis, also known as Guinea-worm disease, is caused by infection with the parasitic nematode (the Guinea worm). In May 1986, the Thirty-ninth World Health Assembly declared global elimination (i.e. eradication) of dracunculiasis as a goal. The global dracunculiasis eradication campaign, through community-based interventions, has reduced the burden of the disease from an estimated 3.5 million cases per year in 1986 to only 13 human cases and 688 animal infections during 2022. To date, however, there are no field-validated tests to detect the presence of D. medinensis-specific analytes in the environment. Although the scale of the surveillance infrastructure in countries endemic for Guinea-worm disease is impressive, initiating active surveillance and implementing disease-preventive interventions in any given area is triggered only when a host with an emergent worm is detected in that area or a nearby area. Unlike polio eradication, where an environmental diagnostic tool exists, there is no such tool for dracunculiasis eradication. Diagnostic tools that can detect evidence of analytes specific to D. medinensis in environmental samples can be used to identify geographies that are at risk for transmission of D. medinensis. Results from such environmental tools can complement surveillance data generated via active, community-based case and infection searches for subcutaneous and emergent Guinea worms and proactive or passive reporting of Guinea-worm disease. As such, environmental surveillance tools could augment current surveillance activities and enhance surveillance in a manner unprecedented for the global dracunculiasis eradication campaign. Viable environmental assays that can detect evidence of analytes (nucleic acid or other antigens) specific to D. medinensis in various environmental samples from water, aquatic animals, and perhaps aquatic animal waste, could be used to guide the targeting and implementation of disease-preventive interventions in endemic areas. For example, such tools could further inform which surface water sources should be treated with larvicide. Environmental surveillance tools could also generate additional data to inform decision-making about when and where to contract or expand active, community-based surveillance and implement other programmatic interventions. Environmental surveillance tools would be useful for generating additional surveillance data in areas with known or suspected wildlife transmission. Diagnostic tools capable of detecting D. medinensis-specific analytes in environmental samples would also generate data on the absence of Guinea worm in the environment, which could help certify countries as free of dracunculiasis transmission, ultimately facilitate the certification of dracunculiasis eradication, and support post-certification efforts.
Book Synopsis Target product profile to detect prepatent Dracunculus medinensis infections in animals by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Target product profile to detect prepatent Dracunculus medinensis infections in animals written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2024-04-03 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dracunculiasis, also known as Guinea-worm disease, is caused by infection with the parasitic nematode Dracunculus medinensis (the Guinea worm). In May 1986, the Thirty-ninth World Health Assembly declared global elimination (i.e. eradication) of dracunculiasis as a goal. The global dracunculiasis eradication campaign, through community-based interventions, has reduced the burden of the disease from an estimated 3.5 million cases per year in 1986 to only 13 human cases and 688 animal infections during 2022. To date, however, there are no validated tests to diagnose pre-patent D. medinensis infection. A critical part of any eradication programme involves reliably identifying infected and exposed definitive hosts. Historically, the diagnosis of Guinea-worm disease was clinical in nature and occurred via visually confirming the emergence of a white worm, roughly 10–14 months after the acquisition of infection. Currently, the definitive diagnosis involves either microscopy or, if necessary, conventional polymerase chain reaction applied to a DNA preparation from emergent worm fragments. A diagnostic tool capable of confirming active infection with D. medinensis many months before the emergence of a Guinea worm would represent a leap forward for the global dracunculiasis eradication campaign. Diagnostic modalities and platforms that can be easily used in locations where Guinea worm is observed or suspected among animal hosts are needed for the early diagnosis of prepatent Guinea worm infection to enhance follow-up and containment of infected hosts. Through the early detection and containment of Guinea worm-infected hosts, these diagnostics would ultimately serve to decrease the amount of parasite available in the environment for onward transmission. Diagnostic tools capable of detecting prepatent infection would enhance disease surveillance and provide national programme staff with additional data to identify transmission hot spots before the emergence of worms in affected areas. Diagnostic tools that can identify hosts with prepatent infection would further inform the targeting and implementation of disease-preventive interventions such as tethering of domesticated animal hosts and treating surface water sources with larvicide. Guinea worm diagnostic tools that could detect prepatent infection would also generate evidence of the absence of Guinea worm infection in definitive hosts, which could help certify countries as free of dracunculiasis transmission and ultimately facilitate the certification of dracunculiasis eradication.
Book Synopsis Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 1993 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.
Book Synopsis Investing to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Investing to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The presence, or absence, of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) can be seen as a proxy for poverty and for the success of interventions aimed at reducing poverty. Today, coverage of the public-health interventions recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) against NTDs may be interpreted as a proxy for universal health coverage and shared prosperity - in short, a proxy for coverage against neglect. As the world's focus shifts from development to sustainable development, from poverty eradication to shared prosperity, and from disease-specific goals to universal health coverage, control of NTDs will assume an important role towards the target of achieving universal health coverage, including individual financial risk protection. Success in overcoming NTDs is a "litmus test" for universal health coverage against NTDs in endemic countries. The first WHO report on NTDs (2010) set the scene by presenting the evidence for how these interventions had produced results. The second report (2013) assessed the progress made in deploying them and detailed the obstacles to their implementation. This third report analyses for the first time the investments needed to achieve the scale up of implementation required to achieve the targets of the WHO Roadmap on NTDs and universal coverage against NTDs. INVESTING TO OVERCOME THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES presents an investment strategy for NTDs and analyses the specific investment case for prevention, control, elimination and eradication of 12 of the 17 NTDs. Such an analysis is justified following the adoption by the Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly in 2013 of resolution WHA6612 on neglected tropical diseases, which called for sufficient and predictable funding to achieve the Roadmap's targets and sustain control efforts. The report cautions, however, that it is wise investment and not investment alone that will yield success. The report registers progress and challenges and signals those that lie ahead. Climate change is expected to increase the spread of several vector-borne NTDs, notably dengue, transmission of which is directly influenced by temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and climate variability primarily through their effects on the vector. Investments in vector-borne diseases will avoid the potentially catastrophic expenditures associated with their control. The presence of NTDs will thereby signal an early warning system for climate-sensitive diseases. The ultimate goal is to deliver enhanced and equitable interventions to the most marginalized populations in the context of a changing public-health and investment landscape to ensure that all peoples affected by NTDs have an opportunity to lead healthier and wealthier lives."--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care by : World Health Organization
Download or read book WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care provide health-care workers (HCWs), hospital administrators and health authorities with a thorough review of evidence on hand hygiene in health care and specific recommendations to improve practices and reduce transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to patients and HCWs. The present Guidelines are intended to be implemented in any situation in which health care is delivered either to a patient or to a specific group in a population. Therefore, this concept applies to all settings where health care is permanently or occasionally performed, such as home care by birth attendants. Definitions of health-care settings are proposed in Appendix 1. These Guidelines and the associated WHO Multimodal Hand Hygiene Improvement Strategy and an Implementation Toolkit (http://www.who.int/gpsc/en/) are designed to offer health-care facilities in Member States a conceptual framework and practical tools for the application of recommendations in practice at the bedside. While ensuring consistency with the Guidelines recommendations, individual adaptation according to local regulations, settings, needs, and resources is desirable. This extensive review includes in one document sufficient technical information to support training materials and help plan implementation strategies. The document comprises six parts.
Book Synopsis Equity, Social Determinants and Public Health Programmes by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Equity, Social Determinants and Public Health Programmes written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Introduction and methods of work.-- 2. Alcohol: equity and social determinants.-- 3. Cardiovascular disease: equity and social determinants.-- 4. Health and nutrition of children: equity and social determinants.-- 5. Diabetes: equity and social determinants.-- 6. Food safety: equity and social determinants.-- 7. Mental disorders: equity and social determinants.-- 8. Neglected tropical diseases: equity and social determinants.-- 9. Oral health: equity and social determinants.-- 10. Unintended pregnancy and pregnancy outcome: equity and social determinants.-- 11. Tobacco use: equity and social determinants.-- 12. Tuberculosis: the role of risk factors and social determinants.-- 13. Violence and unintentional injury: equity and social determinants.-- 14. Synergy for equity.
Author :Jorge W. Santo Domingo Publisher :Emerging Issues in Food Safety ISBN 13 :9781555813741 Total Pages :285 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (137 download)
Book Synopsis Microbial Source Tracking by : Jorge W. Santo Domingo
Download or read book Microbial Source Tracking written by Jorge W. Santo Domingo and published by Emerging Issues in Food Safety. This book was released on 2007 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a state-of-the-art review of the current technology and applications being utilized to identify sources of fecal contamination in waterways. - Serves as a useful reference for researchers in the food industry, especially scientists investigating etiological agents responsible for food contamination. - Provides background information on MST methods and the assumptions and limitations associated with their use. - Covers a broad range of topics related to MST, including environmental monitoring, public health and national security, population biology, and microbial ecology. - Offers valuable insights into future research directions and technology developments.
Book Synopsis Water Quality Monitoring by : Jamie Bartram
Download or read book Water Quality Monitoring written by Jamie Bartram and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water quality monitoring is an essential tool in the management of water resources and this book comprehensively covers the entire monitoring operation. This important text is the outcome of a collborative programme of activity between UNEP and WHO with inputs from WMO and UNESCO and draws on the international standards of the International Organization of Standardization.
Author :World Health Organization. Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases Publisher :World Health Organization ISBN 13 :9241564091 Total Pages :184 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (415 download)
Book Synopsis Working to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases by : World Health Organization. Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases
Download or read book Working to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases written by World Health Organization. Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) blight the lives of a billion people worldwide and threaten the health of millions more. These ancient companions of poverty weaken impoverished populations, frustrate the achievement of health in the Millennium Development Goals and impede global health and economies has convinced governments, donors, the pharmaceutical industry and other agencies, including nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), to invest in preventing and controlling this diverse group of diseases. Global efforts to control "hidden" diseases, such as dracunculiasis (guinea-worm disease), leprosy, gains including the imminent eradication of dracunculiasis. Since 1989 (when most endemic countries began reporting monthly from each endemic village), the number of new dracunculiasis cases has fallen from 892 055 in 12 endemic countries to 3190 in 4 countries in 2009, a decrease of more than 99%. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends five public-health strategies for the prevention and control of NTDs: preventive chemotherapy; intensified case-management; vector control; the provision of safe water, sanitation and hygiene; and veterinary public health (that is, applying veterinary sciences to ensure the health and well-being of humans). Although one approach and delivered locally." - p. vii
Book Synopsis Animal Parasites by : Heinz Mehlhorn
Download or read book Animal Parasites written by Heinz Mehlhorn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook focuses on the most important parasites affecting dogs, cats, ruminants, horses, pigs, rabbits, rodents, birds, fishes, reptiles and bees. For each parasite, the book offers a concise summary including its distribution, epidemiology, lifecycle, morphology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapeutic measures. Numerous informative tables and more than 500 color micrographs and schemes present the most important aspects of the parasites, their induced diseases and the latest information on suitable prevention and control measures. 100 questions at the end of the book offer readers the chance to test their comprehension. The book is well suited as both a textbook and a reference guide for veterinarians, students of the veterinary and life sciences, veterinarian nurses, laboratory staff, and pet and livestock owners.
Book Synopsis In Her Lifetime by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book In Her Lifetime written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-03-06 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relative lack of information on determinants of disease, disability, and death at major stages of a woman's lifespan and the excess morbidity and premature mortality that this engenders has important adverse social and economic ramifications, not only for Sub-Saharan Africa, but also for other regions of the world as well. Women bear much of the weight of world production in both traditional and modern industries. In Sub-Saharan Africa, for example, women contribute approximately 60 to 80 percent of agricultural labor. Worldwide, it is estimated that women are the sole supporters in 18 to 30 percent of all families, and that their financial contribution in the remainder of families is substantial and often crucial. This book provides a solid documentary base that can be used to develop an agenda to guide research and health policy formulation on female healthâ€"both for Sub-Saharan Africa and for other regions of the developing world. This book could also help facilitate ongoing, collaboration between African researchers on women's health and their U.S. colleagues. Chapters cover such topics as demographics, nutritional status, obstetric morbidity and mortality, mental health problems, and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.
Book Synopsis Framework for a Public Health Emergency Operations Centre by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Framework for a Public Health Emergency Operations Centre written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2015-12-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Framework for a Public Health Emergency Operations Centre (PHEOC framework) document is intended to be used by practitioners of public health; health policy makers; and authorities and agencies responsible for managing emergencies, incidents, or events where the health of populations is at risk. This document provides high-level methodical guidance for designing, developing, and strengthening of public health emergency operations centers. This interim document outlines the key concepts and essential requirements for developing and managing a public health EOC (PHEOC). The overall approach is generic and based on widely acknowledged elements of all-hazards emergency management. It provides an outline for developing and managing a PHEOC to achieve a goal-oriented response to public health emergencies and unity of effort among response agencies. The document will be revised as necessary. Practical guidance on specific aspects of the PHEOC framework will be developed and published separately. A public health emergency is here defined as an occurrence, or imminent threat, of an illness or health condition that poses a substantial risk of a significant number of human fatalities, injuries or permanent or long-term disability. Public health emergencies can result from a wide range of hazards and complex emergencies. Experience has shown that timely implementation of an EOC provides an essential platform for the effective management of public health emergencies. Public health emergencies involve increased incidence of illness, injury and/or death and require special measures to address increased morbidity, mortality and interruption of essential health services. For such emergencies, a multi-agency, multi-jurisdictional response is often required, working with the national disaster management organization. When normal resources and capacities are exceeded, support from outside the affected areas will also be required. External assistance could include national, cross-border, regional or international resources.
Book Synopsis Cytopathology of Infectious Diseases by : PANTANOWITZ LIRON
Download or read book Cytopathology of Infectious Diseases written by PANTANOWITZ LIRON and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-02 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cytopathology of Infectious Diseases is the first book of its kind to focus entirely on the cytopathology of infectious diseases. It contains all of the pertinent information about the cytology of infectious diseases and microorganisms and will serve as an ideal handy reference. This unique volume covers the cytomorphology of various microorganisms and the host reactions they elicit, and also incorporates an update on advances in the field. Newly recognized infections such as the recent discovery of the Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCV) are included, as well as the utility of new immunostains (e.g. CM2B4 for MCV) and the role of molecular techniques that assist in the identification, classification and even quantification of microorganisms. Each chapter is succinctly written and concisely referenced with key published articles and resources. The volume includes practical pointers, useful diagnostic criteria, differential diagnoses and potential pitfalls. Many color images of high resolution that illustrate microorganisms (e.g. branching hyphae) and host reactions (e.g. viral cytopathic effect) are included throughout. Relevant tables with diagrams that provide quick reference guides are incorporated. Cytopathology of Infectious Diseases will serve as a valuable reference tool for cytopathologists, anatomical/clinical pathologists, cytotechnologists, pathology residents and cytopathology fellows.
Book Synopsis Risk Management for Water and Wastewater Utilities by : Simon Pollard
Download or read book Risk Management for Water and Wastewater Utilities written by Simon Pollard and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-15 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water risks and security are a major global hazard in the 21st century and it is essential that water professionals have a solid grounding in the principles of preventative risk management. This second edition of the key textbook, Risk Management for Water and Wastewater Utilities, extends beyond first principles and examines the practicalities of resilience and vulnerability assessment, strategic risk appraisal and the interconnectedness of water utility risks in a networked infrastructure. It provides an up-dated overview of tools and techniques for risk management in the context of the heightened expectations for sound risk governance that are being made of all water and wastewater utilities. Risk Management for Water and Wastewater Utilities provides a valuable starting point for newly appointed risk managers in the utility sector and offers MSc level self-paced study with self-assessment questions and abbreviated answers, key learning points, case studies and worked examples.
Book Synopsis Environmental Microbiology of Aquatic and Waste Systems by : Nduka Okafor
Download or read book Environmental Microbiology of Aquatic and Waste Systems written by Nduka Okafor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-21 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book places the main actors in environmental microbiology, namely the microorganisms, on center stage. Using the modern approach of 16S ribosomal RNA, the book looks at the taxonomy of marine and freshwater bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, viruses, and the smaller aquatic animals such as nematodes and rotifers, as well as at the study of unculturable aquatic microorganisms (metagenomics). The peculiarities of water as an environment for microbial growth, and the influence of aquatic microorganisms on global climate and global recycling of nitrogen and sulphur are also examined. The pollution of water is explored in the context of self-purification of natural waters. Modern municipal water purification and disease transmission through water are discussed. Alternative methods for solid waste disposal are related to the economic capability of a society. Viruses are given special attention. By focusing on the basics, this primer will appeal across a wide range of disciplines.
Book Synopsis Infectious Diseases and Your Health by : Prati Pal Singh
Download or read book Infectious Diseases and Your Health written by Prati Pal Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious Diseases and Your Health has the potential to impact and improve your life, and the lives of your loved ones. Every day, nearly 40, 000 people including small children and women die of infectious diseases. Many of these innocent lives could be saved. Your journey through the pages of this book will take you to an amazing world of infectious diseases. You will learn about various infectious diseases, how they can affect your life, the problems associated with their treatment and prevention, and how to overcome these problems. Additionally, you will hear the success story of new drug research, be introduced to the hard facts, and find fascinating pictures of microorganisms and parasites. The book provides instant solutions to several of your concerns about infectious diseases, and you will learn to live a highly productive, long and healthy life. So, join thousands of readers of this book worldwide, enhance your life and the lives of your loving family, become an informed healthy citizen, and contribute to achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. Let us never forget: life and quality of life are very precious.
Book Synopsis Medical Parasitology by : Ruth Leventhal
Download or read book Medical Parasitology written by Ruth Leventhal and published by F.A. Davis. This book was released on 2019-10-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rely on this concise, systematic introduction to the biology and epidemiology of human parasitic diseases. Explore an extensive series of photographs, line drawings, and plates that aid in the recognition of medically-relevant parasites and help to build a solid understanding of the fundamentals of diagnosis and treatment.
