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Systematic Design Of Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Microreactors For Safe Efficient Supply Of Oxidant To An Air Independent Solid Oxide Fuel Cell For Unmanned Undersea Vehicle Power Applications
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Book Synopsis Systematic Design of Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Microreactors for Safe, Efficient Supply of Oxidant to an Air-independent Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for Unmanned Undersea Vehicle Power Applications by : Elizabeth Lennon
Download or read book Systematic Design of Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Microreactors for Safe, Efficient Supply of Oxidant to an Air-independent Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for Unmanned Undersea Vehicle Power Applications written by Elizabeth Lennon and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Enhanced Bioremediation Utilizing Hydrogen Peroxide as a Supplemental Source of Oxygen by : Scott G. Huling
Download or read book Enhanced Bioremediation Utilizing Hydrogen Peroxide as a Supplemental Source of Oxygen written by Scott G. Huling and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of a Zero-headspace Aerobic Suspended Growth Bioreactor by :
Download or read book Development of a Zero-headspace Aerobic Suspended Growth Bioreactor written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Defense has over 12,000 sites that are contaminated from past military activities. Many site contain volatile organic contaminants that may be treated using aboveground or in situ aerobic biotreatment systems. Three oxygen sources for activated sludge were evaluated using 3-L chemostats treating amended groundwater containing over 200 mg/l benzene. The oxygen sources were compared based on percent contaminant removal, reduction of benzene off-gassing, and biomass stability. The fate of hydrogen peroxide in an activated sludge system was evaluated and described using an equation that determines steady-state hydrogen peroxide concentration. The equation is essentially a simple fate model that includes input, output, and both biotic and abiotic terms. The results indicated that peroxide could be used as an alternative oxygen source with no release of benzene into the ambient air; however, this approach was found to be expensive because of the high cost of hydrogen peroxide. Benzene was removed from the groundwater to below detection levels. Pure oxygen sparging was a particularly attractive means of introducing oxygen with minimal stripping of benzene. Biotic reactions dominated hydrogen peroxide fate within an activated sludge system. The reaction between hydrogen peroxide and biomass was second order overall and first order with respect to both reactants. Activated sludge, Hydrogen peroxide, Benzene, Zero-headspace reactor, Biotreatment.
Book Synopsis Design and Study of Catalytic Activators of Hydrogen Peroxide Primising Rapid Efficient Petroluem Desulfurizatioon and Bleaching Technologies by : Yelda Hangun
Download or read book Design and Study of Catalytic Activators of Hydrogen Peroxide Primising Rapid Efficient Petroluem Desulfurizatioon and Bleaching Technologies written by Yelda Hangun and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Catalyst Beds for 98-percent-concentration Hydrogen Peroxide by : Jack F. Runckel
Download or read book Investigation of Catalyst Beds for 98-percent-concentration Hydrogen Peroxide written by Jack F. Runckel and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microchannel Reactor System Design & Demonstration For On-Site H2O2 Production by Controlled by :
Download or read book Microchannel Reactor System Design & Demonstration For On-Site H2O2 Production by Controlled written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We successfully demonstrated an innovative hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production concept which involved the development of flame- and explosion-resistant microchannel reactor system for energy efficient, cost-saving, on-site H2O2 production. We designed, fabricated, evaluated, and optimized a laboratory-scale microchannel reactor system for controlled direct combination of H2 and O2 in all proportions including explosive regime, at a low pressure and a low temperature to produce about 1.5 wt% H2O2 as proposed. In the second phase of the program, as a prelude to full-scale commercialization, we demonstrated our H2O2 production approach by 'numbering up' the channels in a multi-channel microreactor-based pilot plant to produce 1 kg/h of H2O2 at 1.5 wt% as demanded by end-users of the developed technology. To our knowledge, we are the first group to accomplish this significant milestone. We identified the reaction pathways that comprise the process, and implemented rigorous mechanistic kinetic studies to obtain the kinetics of the three main dominant reactions. We are not aware of any such comprehensive kinetic studies for the direct combination process, either in a microreactor or any other reactor system. We showed that the mass transfer parameter in our microreactor system is several orders of magnitude higher than what obtains in the macroreactor, attesting to the superior performance of microreactor. A one-dimensional reactor model incorporating the kinetics information enabled us to clarify certain important aspects of the chemistry of the direct combination process as detailed in section 5 of this report. Also, through mathematical modeling and simulation using sophisticated and robust commercial software packages, we were able to elucidate the hydrodynamics of the complex multiphase flows that take place in the microchannel. In conjunction with the kinetics information, we were able to validate the experimental data. If fully implemented across the whole industry as a result of our technology demonstration, our production concept is expected to save>5 trillion Btu/year of steam usage and>3 trillion Btu/year in electric power consumption. Our analysis also indicates>50 % reduction in waste disposal cost and ~10% reduction in feedstock energy. These savings translate to ~30% reduction in overall production and transportation costs for the $1B annual H2O2 market.
Book Synopsis Microchannel Reactor System Design by :
Download or read book Microchannel Reactor System Design written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microchannel reactor systems could allow for energy-efficient and cost-effective on-site hydrogen peroxide production.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Hydrogen Peroxide Reduction Reaction by Rotating Disk Electrode for Fuel Cells Application by : Seyed Javad Amirfakhri
Download or read book Investigation of Hydrogen Peroxide Reduction Reaction by Rotating Disk Electrode for Fuel Cells Application written by Seyed Javad Amirfakhri and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Hydrogen peroxide can be used as an alternative oxidant to oxygen on the cathode side of some fuel cells such as microfluidic fuel cells. The most important advantage of H2O2 over O2 is its high solubility in aqueous solutions that can result in the increase of the reaction rate on the cathode side. On the other hand, slow kinetics of H2O2 reduction reaction (HPRR) on non-noble catalysts and H2O2 decomposition to oxygen are two main challenges associated with the application of H2O2 . The decomposition of H2O2 is a side reaction which occurs through HPRR on numerous noble and non-noble catalysts such as gold and copper. Oxygen evolution causes the loss of part of the oxidant and creates operational problems in such fuel cells." --
Book Synopsis Solid-oxide-catalyzed decomposition of hydrogen peroxide vapour by : Robert Anderson Ross
Download or read book Solid-oxide-catalyzed decomposition of hydrogen peroxide vapour written by Robert Anderson Ross and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Fabrication, and Operational Parameters of a Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor by : Stuart J. Moore
Download or read book Design, Fabrication, and Operational Parameters of a Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor written by Stuart J. Moore and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) has been shown to efficiently destroy wet organic wastes. The process, iterations, and lessons learned during the design and fabrication process of a continuous, inverted SCWO reactor are described. Ethanol is oxidized in a continuous inverted supercritical water oxidation reactor at 25 MPa, with oxidant and fuel preheat temperatures of 380 to 450 °C. Optimal conditions for future operation are found by operating at various premixed fuel concentrations of 0-7 mol% ethanol in water, varying the air to fuel equivalence ratio from 1.1 to 1.8, and utilizing air and hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. Experimental conditions are chosen for analysis of reactor temperatures during complete oxidation of pilot fuel, where ethanol will rapidly oxidize. Higher premixed concentrations of ethanol produce a more localized, higher temperature reaction occurring closer to the nozzle with longer residence times. Preliminary results find the use of air results in lower reaction temperatures than hydrogen peroxide at similar operational conditions due to nitrogen loading; the experiments with air are still on-going. The results are used to determine the capability of the reactor for the destruction of toxic organic compounds.
Book Synopsis Energy Efficient Catalytic Activation of Hydrogen Peroxide for Green Chemical Processes by :
Download or read book Energy Efficient Catalytic Activation of Hydrogen Peroxide for Green Chemical Processes written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new, highly energy efficient approach for using catalytic oxidation chemistry in multiple fields of technology has been pursued. The new catalysts, called TAML® activators, catalyze the reactions of hydrogen peroxide and other oxidants for the exceptionally rapid decontamination of noninfectious simulants (B. atrophaeus) of anthrax spores, for the energy efficient decontamination of thiophosphate pesticides, for the facile, low temperature removal of color and organochlorines from pulp and paper mill effluent, for the bleaching of dyes from textile mill effluents, and for the removal of recalcitrant dibenzothiophene compounds from diesel and gasoline fuels. Highlights include the following: 1) A 7-log kill of Bacillus atrophaeus spores has been achieved unambiguously in water under ambient conditions within 15 minutes. 2) The rapid total degradation under ambient conditions of four thiophosphate pesticides and phosphonate degradation intermediates has been achieved on treatment with TAML/peroxide, opening up potential applications of the decontamination system for phosphonate structured chemical warfare agents, for inexpensive, easy to perform degradation of stored and aged pesticide stocks (especially in Africa and Asia), for remediation of polluted sites and water bodies, and for the destruction of chemical warfare agent stockpiles. 3) A mill trial conducted in a Pennsylvanian bleached kraft pulp mill has established that TAML catalyst injected into an alkaline peroxide bleach tower can significantly lower color from the effluent stream promising a new, more cost effective, energy-saving approach for color remediation adding further evidence of the value and diverse engineering capacity of the approach to other field trials conducted on effluent streams as they exit the bleach plant. 4) Dibenzothiophenes (DBTs), including 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene, the most recalcitrant sulfur compounds in diesel and gasoline, can be completely removed from model gasoline (octane or decane) at low temperature and ambient pressure via treatment with a TAML activator and hydrogen peroxide in a two-phase system consisting of the fuel as the first phase and a water/tertiary butanol second phase. The DBTs are oxidized to sulphones (or sulfoxides), which then completely extract into the water/t-butanol phase. Treatment of commercial diesel spiked with DBT under the same conditions results in compete DBT oxidation. In contrast with the octane and decane experiments, removal to the water/t-butanol phase is not yet complete and is being further optimized. Analysis by the sulfur specific GC-FPD technique suggests that>70% sulfur compounds are removed from unspiked diesel after one treatment. Further treatments are being investigated. The GC-FPD results will be checked by total sulfur analysis methodology.
Book Synopsis Fundamental Modeling and Analysis for Thermal Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide by :
Download or read book Fundamental Modeling and Analysis for Thermal Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ceramic Microreactors for On-site Hydrogen Production by : Christian
Download or read book Ceramic Microreactors for On-site Hydrogen Production written by Christian and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of microreactors has been growing rapidly in recent years. The advantages of using microreactors over macroscale reactors make them useful for various applications, including catalyst development and optimization, on-site synthesis of hazardous chemicals and reactive intermediates, and the study of dangerous reactions under relatively safe conditions. At the same time, fuel cell technology has started to emerge as an attractive option to obtain electrical power sources for the operation of portable electronic devices, vehicles, and electrical equipment in remote locations. The development of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, however, has been hindered by safety issues related to storage and distribution of highly flammable H 2. Microreactors, on the other hand, show promise for efficient catalytic reforming of liquid hydrocarbons at high temperatures for on-board generation of H2 for fuel cell applications, thereby avoiding the need for H2 storage and transport. The present challenges encountered in the reforming of hydrocarbons, such as propane, diesel, or JP-8, are: (i) to avoid coking of the catalyst surface by operating at temperatures above 800°C; (ii) to achieve high conversion in a small reactor volume; and (iii) to have a low, sustainable pressure drop across the reactor. A suitable microreactor, to meet these challenges, must be compatible with high temperatures, have a large surface area-to-volume ratio, and have a high porosity. This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and design optimization of ceramic microreactors composed of high surface area, inverted beaded silicon carbide (SiC) or silicon carbonitride (SiCN) porous monoliths integrated within high-density alumina reactor housings. Subsequent characterization of these novel ceramic microreactors for on-site H2 production was performed using the decomposition of ammonia and the steam reforming of propane at temperatures as high as 1000°C. As much as 50 sccm of H2 can be produced per cm3 reactor, equivalent to 9.8x104 sccm H2 per cm3 of monolith or approximately 7 kWe power output per cm3 of monolith from a typical PEM fuel cell operating at 50% efficiency.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of the Fe(III) Initiated Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide by : Wai Pang Kwan
Download or read book Kinetics of the Fe(III) Initiated Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide written by Wai Pang Kwan and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Control of Oxidation of Aromatics with Hydrogen Peroxide Under Severe Conditions Using Microreactor System by : Kazuhiro Mae
Download or read book Control of Oxidation of Aromatics with Hydrogen Peroxide Under Severe Conditions Using Microreactor System written by Kazuhiro Mae and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aerobisation of Old Landfills with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxygen Source by : Carlos Albeiro Pacheco Bustos
Download or read book Aerobisation of Old Landfills with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxygen Source written by Carlos Albeiro Pacheco Bustos and published by Deutscher Industrieverlag. This book was released on 2014-06-13 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis and Experiments of Hydrogen Peroxide Vaporizations and Decomposition by : J. S. Mok
Download or read book Analysis and Experiments of Hydrogen Peroxide Vaporizations and Decomposition written by J. S. Mok and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
