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Synthesis Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles In A Counterflow Diffusion Flame Reactor
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Book Synopsis Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in a Counterflow Diffusion Flame Reactor by : Hector Enrique Ruiz
Download or read book Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in a Counterflow Diffusion Flame Reactor written by Hector Enrique Ruiz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A Counterflow Diffusion Flame (CDF) reactor was used to produce iron oxide nanoparticles. The experimental work was performed to study synthesis conditions and characterize the iron oxide nanoparticles. The parameters studied are those that control the flame structure, namely, gas flow rates and vacuum; other parameters include the precursor volume flow rate, and the relative location and temperature of the collecting probe inside the flame. Hexagonal nanoparticles were the most commonly observed shape. Hexagonal-shaped nanoparticles are mainly formed under stoichiometric conditions and with a high temperature profile in the flame. Cubic nanoparticles were also observed. The main parameter for the formation of cubic-shaped nanoparticles was found to be the equivalence ratio. A minimum value of less than one percentage of cubic nanoparticles was observed at equivalence ratios ranging between 0.7488 and 0.9283. The main effect on particle size was observed to be from the hydrogen flow rate, which was found that the higher the hydrogen flow rate is, the smaller the average nanoparticle size. A secondary minor effect was observed from variations of vacuum flow rate. This effect could be associated with changes in the total mass or volumetric flow rate balance. Adjusting N2 in H2 stream allowed the synthesis of samples with approximately 95% hexagonal nanoparticles without agglomerates"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Semi-conducting Metal Oxide Nanoparticles from a Low-pressure Premixed H_1tn2/O_1tn2/Ar Flame: Synthesis and Characterization by : Pascal Onyibo Ifeacho
Download or read book Semi-conducting Metal Oxide Nanoparticles from a Low-pressure Premixed H_1tn2/O_1tn2/Ar Flame: Synthesis and Characterization written by Pascal Onyibo Ifeacho and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flame Spray Technology by : Rafael M. Trommer
Download or read book Flame Spray Technology written by Rafael M. Trommer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a complete and updated overview of Flame Spray process, from its History to the Apparatus necessary for the synthesis of nanostructures. It addresses not only the materials produced by this technique, but also their properties, such as crystallinity and crystallite size, specific surface area, particle size and morphology. Also, the principles of nanoparticle formation are described. It is a useful read to all those interested in low cost synthesis of nanostructured powders and coatings.
Book Synopsis Investigating Local Growth Conditions in the Flame Synthesis of Metal-oxide Nanostructures by : Cassandra D'Esposito
Download or read book Investigating Local Growth Conditions in the Flame Synthesis of Metal-oxide Nanostructures written by Cassandra D'Esposito and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The synthesis of metal-oxide nanowires (i.e. WO2.9, ZnO, Cu2O, and Fe3O4) and nanoplates (i.e. MoO2) is examined experimentally with metal-substrate probes inserted into counter-flow diffusion flames (CDFs) at atmospheric pressure. The quasi-one-dimensional flow field allows for correlation between morphologies and local growth conditions, as well as the tailoring of the flame structure, through computational simulations with detailed chemical kinetics and transport, to provide conditions suitable for gas-phase growth of nanostructures. Comparisons of products synthesized between methane and hydrogen flames, as well as between locations probed on either the fuel side or the air side of the reaction zone, permit evaluation of the roles of O2 versus H2O versus CO2 in the oxidative route(s) involved. The as-synthesized nanostructures are characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). Tungsten oxide nanowires are grown with diameters ranging from 50 to 200 nm at 1720K. The crystal structure is tetragonal WO2.9, but the growth directions vary with flame conditions. Single-crystal ZnO nanostructures are formed at 1000, 1300, and 1600K. All growth mechanisms are possible based on Gibbs free energy calculations. Molybdenum oxide nanoplates are grown in the methane flame at 2000K on both the air and fuel sides, where similar amounts of H2O and CO2 are found. In the hydrogen flame, oxidized structures are grown on the air side, and micron sized plates are synthesized on the fuel side. Cu2O nanowires are grown only on the air side of the methane and hydrogen flames, where large amounts of oxygen are present. The fuel sides of both flames show nucleation sites on the surface but no nanowire growth. Iron oxide nanowires are formed on the air side of the methane and hydrogen flames. Carbon nanotubes and nanowires are grown on the fuel side of the methane flame, while iron-oxide nodules are formed on the fuel side of the hydrogen flame.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Chromium Dioxide Production in a Counterflow Diffusion Flame Reactor and Photoinduced Nucleation Detection of Explosive Vapors Using Adsorption/desorption on Tubes by : Teki Ranganath
Download or read book Investigation of Chromium Dioxide Production in a Counterflow Diffusion Flame Reactor and Photoinduced Nucleation Detection of Explosive Vapors Using Adsorption/desorption on Tubes written by Teki Ranganath and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications by : Sophie Laurent
Download or read book Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications written by Sophie Laurent and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Synthesis, Functionalization and Application begins with several chapters covering the synthesis, stabilization, physico-chemical characterization and functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles. The second part of the book outlines the various biomedical imaging applications that currently take advantage of the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles. Brief attention is given to potential iron oxide based therapies, while the final chapter covers nanocytotoxicity, which is a key concern wherever exposure to nanomaterials might occur. This comprehensive book is an essential reference for all those academics and professionals who require thorough knowledge of recent and future developments in the role of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine. Unlocks the potential of iron oxide nanoparticles to transform diagnostic imaging techniques Contains full coverage of new developments and recent research, making this essential reading for researchers and engineers alike Explains the synthesis, processing and characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles with a view to their use in biomedicine
Book Synopsis Controlled Combustion Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by : Zhiqing Zhang
Download or read book Controlled Combustion Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles written by Zhiqing Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Engineering Progress written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by : Morteza Mahmoudi
Download or read book Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles written by Morteza Mahmoudi and published by . This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the fabrication of nanoparticles and exploration of their properties have attracted the attention of physicists, chemists, biologists and engineers. Interest in nanoparticles arise from the fact that the mechanical, chemical, electrical, optical, magnetic, electro-optical and magneto-optical properties of these particles are different from their bulk properties and depend on the particle size. There are numerous areas where nanoparticulate systems are of scientific and technological interest. This book reviews research on the various components of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles.
Book Synopsis Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications by : Sophie Laurent
Download or read book Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications written by Sophie Laurent and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Synthesis, Functionalization and Application begins with several chapters covering the synthesis, stabilization, physico-chemical characterization and functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles. The second part of the book outlines the various biomedical imaging applications that currently take advantage of the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles. Brief attention is given to potential iron oxide based therapies, while the final chapter covers nanocytotoxicity, which is a key concern wherever exposure to nanomaterials might occur. This comprehensive book is an essential reference for all those academics and professionals who require thorough knowledge of recent and future developments in the role of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine.
Book Synopsis Opposed Flow Oxy-Fuel Diffusion Flame Synthesis of One-Dimensional Vanadium Oxide Nanostructures on Solid Support by : Gautam Uday Salkar
Download or read book Opposed Flow Oxy-Fuel Diffusion Flame Synthesis of One-Dimensional Vanadium Oxide Nanostructures on Solid Support written by Gautam Uday Salkar and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by : Morteza Mahmoudi
Download or read book Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles written by Morteza Mahmoudi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Synthesizing Functional Nanoparticles by : Haipeng Li
Download or read book Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Synthesizing Functional Nanoparticles written by Haipeng Li and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis ''Flame spray pyrolysis for synthesizing functional nanoparticles: Fundamental investigations on single and double droplet combustion'', experimental studies on droplet combustion and explosions to fundamentally understand the particle formation from liquid droplets and droplet interactions in the nanofabrication process of flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) are shown. FSP is one promising and versatile flame aerosol technique for fast synthesis of functional and engineering nanomaterials. This gas-phase synthesis nanomaterial process is famous and attractive for its reproducibility and scalability, and thus has potential applications for commercial scale-up production in industry. Gas-to-particle conversion and droplet-to-particle conversion are two particle formation routes in FSP, which decide the quality of produced particles. The particle formation mechanism is associated with the mass transfer of the precursor from liquid droplet to gas phase. Therefore, it is necessary and important to investigate droplet combustion behavior of precursor solutions, for providing fundamental insights into the mechanisms of droplet combustion and particle formation in FSP. The focus of this work is divided into three parts. Single droplet combustion and FSP synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using low- and high-volatility precursors were done, aiming to investigate the mechanism and occurrence condition of droplet micro-explosions, nanoparticle formations in single droplet combustion and FSP, as well as the promotion of homogeneous nanoparticle synthesis from low-volatility precursors. The influences of precursor choices, precursor concentrations and solvent compositions on droplet combustion behaviors, rainbow signals and the synthesis of iron oxide particles were experimentally investigated. The mechanism and occurrence conditions of droplet micro-explosions were discussed and summarized, which could be used to trigger explosions of droplets containing metal nitrates. The synthesized particles were characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as low- and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM and HRTEM) techniques. The similarity of nanoparticles prepared from single droplet combustion and FSP was explained. It is found that the secondary-atomization of droplets induced by micro-explosions efficiently promotes the production of homogeneous nanoparticles. Three-dimensional measurements of double droplet combustion of the pure solvent and the precursor solution were conducted, targeting to study the influence of a neighboring droplet on combustion behaviors (droplet interactions), and the occurrence of double droplet explosions. The developed three-dimensional measurement technique using two highly time-synchronized high-speed cameras could provide highly time-resolved information including droplet diameters, flame diameters, droplet 3D trajectories, droplet 3D velocities, and the center distances between the two burning droplets. Droplet interactions in the pure oxygen atmosphere as well as in the mixture of oxygen and nitrogen atmosphere were investigated. Droplet micro-explosions were first observed during double droplet combustion experiments of precursor solutions. The occurrence of double droplet explosions is affected by droplet interactions. Digital in-line holography measurements of single droplet combustion were performed, and the focus is to detect the size of non-burning droplets and to estimate the refractive index gradient surrounding the burning droplet. The constructed experimental setup and the developed imaging processing method are able to obtain clear hologram signals. The developed methods for hologram formation and numerical reconstruction have shown their abilities to detect droplet size. The influence of the surrounding flame on hologram signals are experimentally identified, which is proposed to estimate the refractive index gradient surrounding burning droplets. This thesis shows the capability of using droplet combustion experiments to provide fundamental information of droplet combustion, explosion and interaction for FSP. These investigations could be used to explore low-cost precursor-solvent systems for producing homogeneous nanoparticles, to figure out the interaction between burning droplets, as well as to understand the droplet flame.
Book Synopsis Fundamental Studies of Gas-to-particle Conversion for Nanoparticle Synthesis in Flames by : Shruthi Dasappa
Download or read book Fundamental Studies of Gas-to-particle Conversion for Nanoparticle Synthesis in Flames written by Shruthi Dasappa and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissertation focuses on fundamental processes involved in the formation of carbon and manganese oxide nanoparticles by gas-to-particle conversion. A systematic approach through complementary experimental and modeling is implemented to study the evolution of flame formed particles and their dependence on flame conditions and growth environment. Stretch stabilized stagnation flames are utilized to assess flame temperature and equivalence ratio effects for soot formed in higher-temperature regimes. This unique condition (Tf > 2100 K) results in a new combination of "young", nucleation sized particles with a "mature" carbon structure. A significant transformation in carbon structure observed from the evolution in Raman spectra promises development of functional high-surface area sp2 carbon materials. Particle nucleation and growth of manganese oxide nanoparticles is examined in a complementary experimental and modeling study of high temperature premixed stagnation flames. Manganese oxide nanoparticles having varying oxidation states are observed depending on the flame conditions. Analysis of the formation of MnO indicates that a thermodynamic barrier limits nucleation. Fundamental insights gained from simple laboratory flames inform particle formation in turbulent spray flames. The dissertation provides insight into flame spray synthesis (FSS), facilitating scaled, cost-effective, and versatile nanoparticle synthesis. FSS of carbon black is studied using coal tar distillate diluted in toluene as a carbon particle feedstock. Although the precursor is the same, this synthesis differs from conventional furnace black processes. Particles are formed directly in the flame rather than through downstream pyrolysis. Resulting carbon black particles are small but could potentially be tailored based on growth conditions. A new diagnostic for determining chemical species information is introduced in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory. Multi-probe optical emission spectroscopy is performed to analyze the axial evolution of manganese during FSS. "Optical Emission Spectroscopy Tool (OSAT)" is developed to enable data analysis, systematic feature recognition and axial species evolution. The axial evolution of Mn(I) through the flame provides fundamental insight such as the location of oxide formation. This dissertation focusses on fundamental gas-to-particle conversion processes. Understanding the fundamental dependence of nanoparticles on the flame growth conditions is key towards engineering the size, structure, and morphology.
Book Synopsis On Flame Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by : Manfred Geier
Download or read book On Flame Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles written by Manfred Geier and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their Biocompatibility on Astrocyte Cultures by : Mark Geppert
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their Biocompatibility on Astrocyte Cultures written by Mark Geppert and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Continuous and Batch Hydrothermal Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Metal Oxide-activated Carbon Nanocomposites by : Chunbao Xu
Download or read book Continuous and Batch Hydrothermal Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Metal Oxide-activated Carbon Nanocomposites written by Chunbao Xu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continuous hydrothermal technique was also extended to materials other than metal oxides by synthesizing lithium iron phosphate. Differences in the particle sizes obtained using the batch and continuous methods were shown to be due to the different mechanisms of particle formation in the two techniques. Better particle characteristics (size, size distribution and morphology) were obtained using the continuous hydrothermal technique than using the batch hydrothermal method.
