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Author : Joachim Stender
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 9789051990393
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Symbols Versus Neurons? written by Joachim Stender and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Grace Lindsay
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472966457
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)
Download or read book Models of the Mind written by Grace Lindsay and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human brain is made up of 85 billion neurons, which are connected by over 100 trillion synapses. For more than a century, a diverse array of researchers searched for a language that could be used to capture the essence of what these neurons do and how they communicate – and how those communications create thoughts, perceptions and actions. The language they were looking for was mathematics, and we would not be able to understand the brain as we do today without it. In Models of the Mind, author and computational neuroscientist Grace Lindsay explains how mathematical models have allowed scientists to understand and describe many of the brain's processes, including decision-making, sensory processing, quantifying memory, and more. She introduces readers to the most important concepts in modern neuroscience, and highlights the tensions that arise when the abstract world of mathematical modelling collides with the messy details of biology. Each chapter of Models of the Mind focuses on mathematical tools that have been applied in a particular area of neuroscience, progressing from the simplest building block of the brain – the individual neuron – through to circuits of interacting neurons, whole brain areas and even the behaviours that brains command. In addition, Grace examines the history of the field, starting with experiments done on frog legs in the late eighteenth century and building to the large models of artificial neural networks that form the basis of modern artificial intelligence. Throughout, she reveals the value of using the elegant language of mathematics to describe the machinery of neuroscience.
Author : Igor Aleksander
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Neurons and Symbols written by Igor Aleksander and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Asim Roy
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889455963
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)
Download or read book Representation in the Brain written by Asim Roy and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook contains ten articles on the topic of representation of abstract concepts, both simple and complex, at the neural level in the brain. Seven of the articles directly address the main competing theories of mental representation – localist and distributed. Four of these articles argue – either on a theoretical basis or with neurophysiological evidence – that abstract concepts, simple or complex, exist (have to exist) at either the single cell level or in an exclusive neural cell assembly. There are three other papers that argue for sparse distributed representation (population coding) of abstract concepts. There are two other papers that discuss neural implementation of symbolic models. The remaining paper deals with learning of motor skills from imagery versus actual execution. A summary of these papers is provided in the Editorial.
Author : Kadharbatcha S. Saleem
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123850878
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)
Download or read book A Combined MRI and Histology Atlas of the Rhesus Monkey Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates written by Kadharbatcha S. Saleem and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Combined MRI and Histology Atlas of the Rhesus Monkey Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, Second Edition maps the detailed architectonic subdivisions of the cortical and subcortical areas in the macaque monkey brain using high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images and the corresponding histology sections in the same animal. This edition of the atlas is unlike anything else available as it includes the detailed cyto- and chemoarchitectonic delineations of the brain areas in all three planes of sections (horizontal, coronal, and sagittal) that are derived from the same animal. This is a significant progress because in functional imaging studies, such as fMRI, both the horizontal and sagittal planes of sections are often the preferred planes given that multiple functionally active regions can be visualized simultaneously in a single horizontal or sagittal section. This combined MRI and histology atlas is designed to provide an easy-to-use reference for anatomical and physiological studies in macaque monkeys, and in functional-imaging studies in human and non-human primates using fMRI and PET. The first rhesus monkey brain atlas with horizontal, coronal, and sagittal planes of sections, derived from the same animal Shows the first detailed delineations of the cortical and subcortical areas in horizontal, coronal, and sagittal plane of sections in the same animal using different staining methods Horizonal series illustrates the dorsoventral extent of the left hemisphere in 47 horizontal MRI and photomicrographic sections matched with 47 detailed diagrams (Chapter 3) Coronal series presents the full rostrocaudal extent of the right hemisphere in 76 coronal MRI and photomicrographic sections, with 76 corresponding drawings (Chapter 4) Sagittal series shows the complete mediolateral extent of the left hemisphere in 30 sagittal MRI sections, with 30 corresponding drawings (Chapter 5). The sagittal series also illustrates the location of different fiber tracts in the white matter Individual variability - provides selected cortical and subcortical areas in three-dimensional MRI (horizontal, coronal, and sagittal MRI planes). For comparison, it also provides similar areas in coronal MRI section in six other monkeys. (Chapter 6) Vasculature - indicates the corresponding location of all major blood vessels in horizontal, coronal, and sagittal series of sections Provides updated information on the cortical and subcortical areas, such as architectonic areas and nomenclature, with references, in chapter 2 Provides the sterotaxic grid derived from the in-vivo MR image
Author : Terrence W. Deacon
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393343022
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (933 download)
Download or read book The Symbolic Species: The Co-evolution of Language and the Brain written by Terrence W. Deacon and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 1998-04-17 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A work of enormous breadth, likely to pleasantly surprise both general readers and experts."—New York Times Book Review This revolutionary book provides fresh answers to long-standing questions of human origins and consciousness. Drawing on his breakthrough research in comparative neuroscience, Terrence Deacon offers a wealth of insights into the significance of symbolic thinking: from the co-evolutionary exchange between language and brains over two million years of hominid evolution to the ethical repercussions that followed man's newfound access to other people's thoughts and emotions. Informing these insights is a new understanding of how Darwinian processes underlie the brain's development and function as well as its evolution. In contrast to much contemporary neuroscience that treats the brain as no more or less than a computer, Deacon provides a new clarity of vision into the mechanism of mind. It injects a renewed sense of adventure into the experience of being human.
Author : Wulfram Gerstner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107060834
Total Pages : 591 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Neuronal Dynamics written by Wulfram Gerstner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This solid introduction uses the principles of physics and the tools of mathematics to approach fundamental questions of neuroscience.
Author : José Mira
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540262989
Total Pages : 555 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Mechanisms, Symbols, and Models Underlying Cognition written by José Mira and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-06-09 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume set LNCS 3561 and LNCS 3562 constitute the refereed proceedings of the First International Work-Conference on the Interplay between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2005, held in Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain in June 2005. The 118 revised papers presented are thematically divided into two volumes; the first includes all the contributions mainly related with the methodological, conceptual, formal, and experimental developments in the fields of Neurophysiology and cognitive science. The second volume collects the papers related with bioinspired programming strategies and all the contributions related with the computational solutions to engineering problems in different application domains.
Author : Michael A. Arbib
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262335271
Total Pages : 810 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)
Download or read book From Neuron to Cognition via Computational Neuroscience written by Michael A. Arbib and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, integrated, and accessible textbook presenting core neuroscientific topics from a computational perspective, tracing a path from cells and circuits to behavior and cognition. This textbook presents a wide range of subjects in neuroscience from a computational perspective. It offers a comprehensive, integrated introduction to core topics, using computational tools to trace a path from neurons and circuits to behavior and cognition. Moreover, the chapters show how computational neuroscience—methods for modeling the causal interactions underlying neural systems—complements empirical research in advancing the understanding of brain and behavior. The chapters—all by leaders in the field, and carefully integrated by the editors—cover such subjects as action and motor control; neuroplasticity, neuromodulation, and reinforcement learning; vision; and language—the core of human cognition. The book can be used for advanced undergraduate or graduate level courses. It presents all necessary background in neuroscience beyond basic facts about neurons and synapses and general ideas about the structure and function of the human brain. Students should be familiar with differential equations and probability theory, and be able to pick up the basics of programming in MATLAB and/or Python. Slides, exercises, and other ancillary materials are freely available online, and many of the models described in the chapters are documented in the brain operation database, BODB (which is also described in a book chapter). Contributors Michael A. Arbib, Joseph Ayers, James Bednar, Andrej Bicanski, James J. Bonaiuto, Nicolas Brunel, Jean-Marie Cabelguen, Carmen Canavier, Angelo Cangelosi, Richard P. Cooper, Carlos R. Cortes, Nathaniel Daw, Paul Dean, Peter Ford Dominey, Pierre Enel, Jean-Marc Fellous, Stefano Fusi, Wulfram Gerstner, Frank Grasso, Jacqueline A. Griego, Ziad M. Hafed, Michael E. Hasselmo, Auke Ijspeert, Stephanie Jones, Daniel Kersten, Jeremie Knuesel, Owen Lewis, William W. Lytton, Tomaso Poggio, John Porrill, Tony J. Prescott, John Rinzel, Edmund Rolls, Jonathan Rubin, Nicolas Schweighofer, Mohamed A. Sherif, Malle A. Tagamets, Paul F. M. J. Verschure, Nathan Vierling-Claasen, Xiao-Jing Wang, Christopher Williams, Ransom Winder, Alan L. Yuille
Author : Maxim I. Stamenov
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027297088
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)
Download or read book Mirror Neurons and the Evolution of Brain and Language written by Maxim I. Stamenov and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-12-17 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of language, social intelligence, and tool development are what made homo sapiens sapiens differentiate itself from all other biological species in the world. The use of language and the management of social and instrumental skills imply an awareness of intention and the consideration that one faces another individual with an attitude analogical to that of one’s own. The metaphor of ‘mirror’ aptly comes to mind.Recent investigations have shown that the human ability to ‘mirror’ other’s actions originates in the brain at a much deeper level than phenomenal awareness. A new class of neurons has been discovered in the premotor area of the monkey brain: ‘mirror neurons’. Quite remarkably, they are tuned to fire to the enaction as well as observation of specific classes of behavior: fine manual actions and actions performed by mouth. They become activated independent of the agent, be it the self or a third person whose action is observed. The activation in mirror neurons is automatic and binds the observation and enaction of some behavior by the self or by the observed other. The peculiar first-to-third-person ‘intersubjectivity’ of the performance of mirror neurons and their surprising complementarity to the functioning of strategic communicative face-to-face (first-to-second person) interaction may shed new light on the functional architecture of conscious vs. unconscious mental processes and the relationship between behavioral and communicative action in monkeys, primates, and humans. The present volume discusses the nature of mirror neurons as presented by the research team of Prof. Giacomo Rizzolatti (University of Parma), who originally discovered them, and the implications to our understanding of the evolution of brain, mind and communicative interaction in non-human primates and man.(Series B)
Author : Gary F. Marcus
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262354403
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)
Download or read book The Algebraic Mind written by Gary F. Marcus and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-01-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Algebraic Mind, Gary Marcus attempts to integrate two theories about how the mind works, one that says that the mind is a computer-like manipulator of symbols, and another that says that the mind is a large network of neurons working together in parallel. Resisting the conventional wisdom that says that if the mind is a large neural network it cannot simultaneously be a manipulator of symbols, Marcus outlines a variety of ways in which neural systems could be organized so as to manipulate symbols, and he shows why such systems are more likely to provide an adequate substrate for language and cognition than neural systems that are inconsistent with the manipulation of symbols. Concluding with a discussion of how a neurally realized system of symbol-manipulation could have evolved and how such a system could unfold developmentally within the womb, Marcus helps to set the future agenda of cognitive neuroscience.
Author : Avishai Henik
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128017937
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Continuous Issues in Numerical Cognition written by Avishai Henik and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-18 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuous Issues in Numerical Cognition: How Many or How Much re-examines the widely accepted view that there exists a core numerical system within human beings and an innate ability to perceive and count discrete quantities. This core knowledge involves the brain's intraparietal sulcus, and a deficiency in this region has traditionally been thought to be the basis for arithmetic disability. However, new research findings suggest this wide agreement needs to be examined carefully and that perception of sizes and other non-countable amounts may be the true precursors of numerical ability. This cutting-edge book examines the possibility that perception and evaluation of non-countable dimensions may be involved in the development of numerical cognition. Discussions of the above and related issues are important for the achievement of a comprehensive understanding of numerical cognition, its brain basis, development, breakdown in brain-injured individuals, and failures to master mathematical skills. - Serves as an innovative reference on the emerging field of numerical cognition and the branches that converge on this diverse topic - Features chapters from leading researchers in the field - Includes an overview of the multiple disciplines that comprise numerical cognition and discusses the measures that can be used in analysis - Introduces novel ideas that connect non-countable continuous variables to numerical cognition
Author : Michael C. Mozer
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
ISBN 13 : 9780262132701
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (327 download)
Download or read book The Perception of Multiple Objects written by Michael C. Mozer and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1991 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Perception of Multiple Objects describes a neurally inspired computational model of two-dimensional object recognition and spatial attention that can explain many characteristics of human visual perception. The model, called MORSEL (named for its ability to perform Multiple Object Recognition and attentional Selection), is unique in providing a broad and unified explanation for a wide range of experimental psychological data on visual perception and attention. Although it draws on existing theoretical perspectives from cognitive psychology, it is a fully mechanistic account, not just a functional-level theory. MORSEL has been trained to recognize letters and words in various positions on its "retina." Following training, it can also recognize several items at once, subject to capacity limitations. The model makes predictions about what sorts of information the visual system can process in parallel and what sorts must be processed serially. Through simulation experiments, chiefly in letter and word perception, MORSEL has been shown to account for a variety of psychological phenomena, including perceptual errors that arise when several items appear simultaneously in the visual field, facilitatory effects of context and redundant information, attentional phenomena, visual search performance, and behaviors exhibited by neurological patients with acquired dyslexia.
Author : Soroush G. Sadeghi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889749207
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)
Download or read book Commonalities and Differences in Vestibular and Auditory Pathways written by Soroush G. Sadeghi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stefan Wermter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540673059
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)
Download or read book Hybrid Neural Systems written by Stefan Wermter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-03-29 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid neural systems are computational systems which are based mainly on artificial neural networks and allow for symbolic interpretation or interaction with symbolic components. This book is derived from a workshop held during the NIPS'98 in Denver, Colorado, USA, and competently reflects the state of the art of research and development in hybrid neural systems. The 26 revised full papers presented together with an introductory overview by the volume editors have been through a twofold process of careful reviewing and revision. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: structured connectionism and rule representation; distributed neural architectures and language processing; transformation and explanation; robotics, vision, and cognitive approaches.
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123786118
Total Pages : 2626 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (237 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Sleep written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-01-17 with total page 2626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world of 24-hour media saturation, sleep has become an increasingly fraught enterprise. The award-winning four-volume Encyclopedia of Sleep, Four Volume Set is the largest reference, either online or in print, on the subject of sleep. Written to be useful for the novice and the established researcher and clinician, Topic areas will include sleep across the life cycle and in other species, sleep and women, sleep and the elderly, pediatric sleep, sleep deprivation and loss, sleep mechanisms, sleep physiology and pathophysiology, sleep disorders, neurobiology, chronobiology, pharmacology, and impact of other disorders on sleep. Recognizing the many fields that are connected to sleep science, the editorial team has been carefully chosen to do justice to this highly interdisciplinary field of study. The steady growth of researchers and clinicians in the sleep field attests to the continued interest in the scientific study of sleep and the management of patients with sleep disorders, and anyone involved in this exciting field should find this work to be an invaluable reference. 2013 PROSE Award winner for Multivolume Reference in Science from the Association of American Publishers Thoroughly interdisciplinary: looks at sleep throughout the life cycle, with exceptional coverage of basic sleep concepts, the physiology of sleep as well as sleep disorders of all descriptions Excellent coverage of sleep and special populations, covering the lifespan, as well as gender and ethnic differences, among others Chapters focusing on sleep disorders are grouped under the broad categories classified in the ICSD-2 for clear organization so that the reader can effectively access the steps involved in diagnosing and treating these disorders Online version is linked both within the encyclopedia (to related content) and to external sources (such as primary journal content) so that users have easy access to more detailed information if needed
Author : Charles A. Sarnoff
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
ISBN 13 : 1462815014
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (628 download)
Download or read book Symbols in Structure and Function- Volume 1 written by Charles A. Sarnoff and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2004-05-04 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: +This is the first unit of three devoted to an explication of the structure and function of symbols. The following topics are covered. Ch-1 SIMPLE SYMBOLS Ch-2 PSYCHOANALYTIC SYMBOLS Ch-3 POETIC SYMBOLS Ch-4 TRANSCENDENT SYMBOLS CH-5 - THE ONTOGENESIS OF THE SYMBOLIZING FUNCTION CH-6 – THE ONTOGENESIS OF SYMBOLS FROM BIRTH TO SIX YEARS OF AGE CH-7 - THE ONTOGENESIS OF SYMBOLS FROM THE LATENCY AGE TO THE ADULT YEARS CH-8 - THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF SYMBOLS CH-9 - DREAM SYMBOL CHARACTERISTICS IN SPECIFIC SLEEP STAGES CH-10 - CONSCIOUSNESS AND AFFECT MANAGEMENT THROUGH PSYCHOANALYTIC SYMBOL FORMATION CH-11 - SYMBOLS AND THE SENSE OF REALITY
