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Surrogates Of The State
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Book Synopsis Surrogates of the State by : Michael Jennings
Download or read book Surrogates of the State written by Michael Jennings and published by Kumarian Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: * Uses an instructive historical event to show how NGOs with good intentions are sometimes capable of supporting harmful government policies * A fascinating picture of the players involved in misguided development program In Surrogates of the State Jennings explores the delicate relationship between development NGOs and the states they work in using his exhaustive and illuminating case study of Tanzania in the 1960s and 70s. During that time Tanzania instituted the rural socialist Ujamaa program, resulting in the forced resettlement of 6 million people to villages, transforming the map of the country. Rather than questioning this policy, NGOs working in the area (as typified by Oxfam) became surrogates of the state, helping to carry out the program. Jennings argues that the NGO community was seduced by its own interpretations of what Ujamaa represented, and was consequently blinded to the dark realities of resettlement. Bound by ideological chains of their own forging, organizations that in other contexts have criticized over-mighty states and the use of overt force, NGOs committed themselves fully to Tanzania and its development policy. Through this study, the book uncovers not just the story of development in Tanzania in this critical period, but the history of the NGO itself. And in doing so, raises questions about the future direction of this institution which has become so prominent in international development.
Book Synopsis Surrogate Warfare by : Andreas Krieg
Download or read book Surrogate Warfare written by Andreas Krieg and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surrogate Warfare explores the emerging phenomenon of “surrogate warfare” in twenty-first century conflict. The popular notion of war is that it is fought en masse by the people of one side versus the other. But the reality today is that both state and non-state actors are increasingly looking to shift the burdens of war to surrogates. Surrogate warfare describes a patron's outsourcing of the strategic, operational, or tactical burdens of warfare, in whole or in part, to human and/or technological substitutes in order to minimize the costs of war. This phenomenon ranges from arming rebel groups, to the use of armed drones, to cyber propaganda. Krieg and Rickli bring old, related practices such as war by mercenary or proxy under this new overarching concept. Apart from analyzing the underlying sociopolitical drivers that trigger patrons to substitute or supplement military action, this book looks at the intrinsic trade-offs between substitutions and control that shapes the relationship between patron and surrogate. Surrogate Warfare will be essential reading for anyone studying contemporary conflict.
Author :Collectif Publisher :Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme ISBN 13 :2735122859 Total Pages :432 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (351 download)
Download or read book New Cannibal Markets written by Collectif and published by Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to recent progress in biotechnology, surrogacy, transplantation of organs and tissues, blood products or stem-cell and gamete banks are now widely used throughout the world. These techniques improve the health and well-being of some human beings using products or functions that come from the body of others. Growth in demand and absence of an appropriate international legal framework have led to the development of a lucrative global trade in which victims are often people living in insecure conditions who have no other ways to survive than to rent or sell part of their body. This growing market, in which parts of the human body are bought and sold with little respect for the human person, displays a kind of dehumanization that looks like a new form of slavery. This book is the result of a collective and multidisciplinary reflection organized by a group of international researchers working in the field of medicine and social sciences. It helps better understand how the emergence of new health industries may contribute to the development of a global medical tourism. It opens new avenues for reflection on technologies that are based on appropriation of parts of the body of others for health purposes, a type of practice that can be metaphorically compared to cannibalism. Are these the fi rst steps towards a proletariat of men- and women-objects considered as a reservoir of products of human origin needed to improve the health or well-being of the better-off? The book raises the issue of the uncontrolled use of medical advances that can sometimes reach the anticipations of dystopian literature and science fiction.
Download or read book Wombs in Labor written by Amrita Pande and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-23 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surrogacy is India's new form of outsourcing, as couples from all over the world hire Indian women to bear their children for a fraction of the cost of surrogacy elsewhere with little to no government oversight or regulation. In the first detailed ethnography of India's surrogacy industry, Amrita Pande visits clinics and hostels and speaks with surrogates and their families, clients, doctors, brokers, and hostel matrons in order to shed light on this burgeoning business and the experiences of the laborers within it. From recruitment to training to delivery, Pande's research focuses on how reproduction meets production in surrogacy and how this reflects characteristics of India's larger labor system. Pande's interviews prove surrogates are more than victims of disciplinary power, and she examines the strategies they deploy to retain control over their bodies and reproductive futures. While some women are coerced into the business by their families, others negotiate with clients and their clinics to gain access to technologies and networks otherwise closed to them. As surrogates, the women Pande meets get to know and make the most of advanced medical discoveries. They traverse borders and straddle relationships that test the boundaries of race, class, religion, and nationality. Those who focus on the inherent inequalities of India's surrogacy industry believe the practice should be either banned or strictly regulated. Pande instead advocates for a better understanding of this complex labor market, envisioning an international model of fair-trade surrogacy founded on openness and transparency in all business, medical, and emotional exchanges.
Book Synopsis Surrogacy Was the Way by : Zara Griswold
Download or read book Surrogacy Was the Way written by Zara Griswold and published by Nightengale Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surrogacy Was the Way: Twenty Intended Mothers Tell Their Stories documents the true stories of twenty women who had children via surrogacy. Surrogacy is a complete possibility in today's day and age, but anyone considering this route to parenthood should know the pros and cons. The women featured go to surrogacy for a variety of reasons, ranging from Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) to cancer to unexplained infertility and everything in between. Some of the journeys go rather smoothly-while others are filled with one obstacle after another. Some of the women have children already and want to add to their family, while most are attempting to become moms for the first time. What they all have in common, however, is that every woman whose story is told knows what it's like to be an intended mother-the term for the "mother to be" if and when a baby is born. And all of the women ultimately end up having a child (or more) through surrogacy. When I first started researching surrogacy, I was fortunate to find several Online support groups. As I gave and received support to so many other women I became fascinated with the extent to which people would go to simply have a baby. I realized that their stories-our stories-needed to be heard; thus, the idea for this book was born. For the millions of women who have been touched by infertility in some way, or know someone who has, Surrogacy Was the Way will open their eyes to amazing possibilities. It will show them that they do have options, and with persistence and faith, they can achieve their dreams of motherhood after all.
Book Synopsis More Than Just a Baby by : Sarah Jefford
Download or read book More Than Just a Baby written by Sarah Jefford and published by . This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexity of Surrogacy is arguably made even more so by the very nature of it being a decision many families reach due to the greatest of emotional challenges. There are so many opportunities for things to go wrong, but also the greatest of happy outcomes for so many families too. As a specialist surrogacy lawyer and a surrogate in 2018, Sarah Jefford has observed many surrogacy teams both flourish and struggle, and that has led to this very important book. In order to maximise every potential for things to go well for both intended parents and surrogate mothers, we need to make informed decisions that protect the interests of everyone involved, but most importantly that are in the best interests of the children - those who are already here, and those who will be in the future. If you want to know answers to the questions of how does surrogacy work, and the surrogate mother process, then this book will be your best place to start. But keep it handy throughout the entire process so that as your journey progresses, you will be able to understand the many aspects of surrogate pregnancy, intended parents roles, and each other's vital roles in creating a family together.
Download or read book Surrogates written by Robert B. Gramacy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer simulation experiments are essential to modern scientific discovery, whether that be in physics, chemistry, biology, epidemiology, ecology, engineering, etc. Surrogates are meta-models of computer simulations, used to solve mathematical models that are too intricate to be worked by hand. Gaussian process (GP) regression is a supremely flexible tool for the analysis of computer simulation experiments. This book presents an applied introduction to GP regression for modelling and optimization of computer simulation experiments. Features: • Emphasis on methods, applications, and reproducibility. • R code is integrated throughout for application of the methods. • Includes more than 200 full colour figures. • Includes many exercises to supplement understanding, with separate solutions available from the author. • Supported by a website with full code available to reproduce all methods and examples. The book is primarily designed as a textbook for postgraduate students studying GP regression from mathematics, statistics, computer science, and engineering. Given the breadth of examples, it could also be used by researchers from these fields, as well as from economics, life science, social science, etc.
Book Synopsis Full Surrogacy Now by : Sophie Lewis
Download or read book Full Surrogacy Now written by Sophie Lewis and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where pregnancy is concerned, let every pregnancy be for everyone. Let us overthrow, in short, the “family” The surrogacy industry is estimated to be worth over $1 billion a year, and many of its surrogates around the world work in terrible conditions—deception, wage-stealing and money skimming are rife; adequate medical care is horrifyingly absent; and informed consent is depressingly rare. In Full Surrogacy Now, Sophie Lewis brings a fresh and unique perspective to the topic. Often, we think of surrogacy as the problem, but, Full Surrogacy Now argues, we need more surrogacy, not less! Rather than looking at surrogacy through a legal lens, Lewis argues that the needs and protection of surrogates should be put front and center. Their relationship to the babies they gestate must be rethought, as part of a move to recognize that reproduction is productive work. Only then can we begin to break down our assumptions that children “belong” to those whose genetics they share. Taking collective responsibility for children would radically transform our notions of kinship, helping us to see that it always takes a village to make a baby.
Book Synopsis Pathways to Parenthood by : Stacy Ziegler
Download or read book Pathways to Parenthood written by Stacy Ziegler and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2004-11 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathways to Parenthood is a how-to guide to Surrogacy. It covers Gestational Surrogacy via IVF as well as Traditional Surrogacy via Artificial Insemination. The mystery that surrounds Surrogacy is demystified and everything is broken down into layman's terms. This book will take you from deciding if Surrogacy is the right path for you, to contact with your surrogate after the delivery and everything in between. You will learn about the legal, medical, as well as the emotional aspects of choosing Surrogacy as your pathway to parenthood. You will be given the pros and cons of using an agency as well as going about it on your own.
Book Synopsis Brown Bodies, White Babies by : Laura Harrison
Download or read book Brown Bodies, White Babies written by Laura Harrison and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2016-09-20 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on the practice of cross-racial gestational surrogacy, in which a woman--through in-vitro fertilization using the sperm and egg of intended parents or donors--carries a pregnancy for intended parents of a different race. Concentrating on the racial differences between parents and surrogates, Harrison is interested in how reproductive technologies intersect with race, particularly when brown bodies produce white babies. She provides an interdisciplinary analysis that includes legal cases of contested surrogacy, historical examples of surrogacy as a form of racialized reproductive labor, the role of genetics in the assisted reproduction industry, and the recent turn toward reproductive tourism. --From publisher description.
Book Synopsis The Law and Practice of Surrogates' Courts in the State of New York by : Amasa Angell Redfield
Download or read book The Law and Practice of Surrogates' Courts in the State of New York written by Amasa Angell Redfield and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-04-25 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1881.
Download or read book Modern Families written by Susan Golombok and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an expert view of research on parenting and child development in new family forms.
Download or read book A Matter of Trust written by Gail Dutton and published by Clouds Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A MATTER OF TRUST: THE GUIDE TO GESTATIONAL SURROGACY by Gail Dutton. (Gestational surrogacy: Surrogate mother carries the genetic child of another couple). This is the only guidebook to gestational surrogacy. Learn how couples save time, money & their sanity. * Surrogacy programs: What they offer & how to choose one; * Surrogates: Questions to ask prospective surrogates; * Medical concerns: What to expect, side-effects & embryo cryopreservation; * Expenses: Detailed fees & how to save money; * Contracts: "Must-include" clauses; * Laws: U. S. state surrogacy laws & laws in 12 other nations; * Goodbye: Ending the surrogacy partnership. WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING: "A MATTER OF TRUST has insights & information that you won't find anywhere else. If you're thinking about building your family through gestational surrogacy. put it on your must-read list."--Shirley Zager, Director, the Organization of Parents Through Surrogacy. "It's a fantastic book! I would love for everyone going through surrogacy to read this."--Cristie Montgomery, Director, Surrogate Parenting Services. ISBN: 0- 9655966-0-5. U. S. $21.95. Internet: http://www.clouds-publishing.com. Available April 1997 from: Clouds Publishing, 5319 University Dr., #348, Irvine, CA 92612-2935. Phone: (714) 786-4606.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Gestational Surrogacy by : E. Scott Sills
Download or read book Handbook of Gestational Surrogacy written by E. Scott Sills and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-06 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clinical handbook on gestational surrogacy, with thorough guidance for clinicians involved in global third-party reproductive treatment.
Book Synopsis The Law and Practice of Surrogates' Courts in the State of New York by : Amasa Angell Redfield
Download or read book The Law and Practice of Surrogates' Courts in the State of New York written by Amasa Angell Redfield and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 1558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Outsourcing the Womb by : France Winddance Twine
Download or read book Outsourcing the Womb written by France Winddance Twine and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quiet revolution has been taking place during the past three decades. The way that children enter families has changed radically among upper middle class families. In the 1980s infertility increasing became defined as a medical problem that could be solved with assisted reproductive technologies (ART) rather than through adoption. Asexual or ‘assisted conception’ involving medical technologies such as in vitro fertilization and embryo transfers began to replace sexual reproduction for infertile couples. Third parties, referred to as surrogates are hired to assist individuals and/or couples who wish to conceive and child with whom they share a genetic tie. This has resulted in a ‘surrogate baby boom.’ Outsourcing the Womb provides a critical introduction to the global surrogacy market. A comparative analysis of the assisted reproductive technology and surrogacy industry in Egypt, Israel, India and the United States disentangles the intersecting roles of race, religion, class inequality, religious law, and global capitalism. Gestational surrogacy challenges the idea of ‘natural’ reproduction and of the meaning of parenthood. What role should the state play in providing individuals and families with access to reproductive technologies? This book concludes with a discussion of ‘reproductive justice’. The goal of this new, unique series is to offer readable, teachable "thinking frames" on today’s social problems and social issues by leading scholars, all in short 60 page or shorter formats, and available for view on http://routledge.customgateway.com/routledge-social-issues.html For instructors teaching a wide range of courses in the social sciences, the Routledge Social Issues Collection now offers the best of both worlds: originally written short texts that provide "overviews" to important social issues as well as teachable excerpts from larger works previously published by Routledge and other presses.
Download or read book Labor of Love written by Heather Jacobson and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-15 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the practice of surrogacy has existed for millennia, new fertility technologies have allowed women to act as gestational surrogates, carrying children that are not genetically their own. While some women volunteer to act as gestational surrogates for friends or family members, others get paid for performing this service. The first ethnographic study of gestational surrogacy in the United States, Labor of Love examines the conflicted attitudes that emerge when the ostensibly priceless act of bringing a child into the world becomes a paid occupation. Heather Jacobson interviews not only surrogate mothers, but also their family members, the intended parents who employ surrogates, and the various professionals who work to facilitate the process. Seeking to understand how gestational surrogates perceive their vocation, she discovers that many regard surrogacy as a calling, but are reluctant to describe it as a job. In the process, Jacobson dissects the complex set of social attitudes underlying this resistance toward conceiving of pregnancy as a form of employment. Through her extensive field research, Jacobson gives readers a firsthand look at the many challenges faced by gestational surrogates, who deal with complicated medical procedures, delicate work-family balances, and tricky social dynamics. Yet Labor of Love also demonstrates the extent to which advances in reproductive technology are affecting all Americans, changing how we think about maternity, family, and the labor involved in giving birth. For more, visit http://www.heatherjacobsononline.com/
