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Surface Structure Of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions Probed By Uv Second Harmonic Generation
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Book Synopsis Surface Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions Probed by UV Second Harmonic Generation by : Poul Bering Petersen
Download or read book Surface Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions Probed by UV Second Harmonic Generation written by Poul Bering Petersen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis UV Second-Harmonic Studies of Concentrated Aqueous Electrolyte Interfaces by : Dale Edward Otten
Download or read book UV Second-Harmonic Studies of Concentrated Aqueous Electrolyte Interfaces written by Dale Edward Otten and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature of liquid-vapor interfaces is a rapidly developing field of research, aimed at ascertaining the properties and structure of this unique microscopic environment. The mechanism of aqueous electrolyte partitioning and chemistry in the aqueous-vapor interface region is explored herein, using the surface selective technique of second-harmonic generation to probe these systems via strong electronic resonances in the ultraviolet. In Chapter 1, the current descriptions of the neat water- and electrolyte solution-vapor interfaces are reviewed. Mechanistic explanations for anion adsorption to such interfaces are highlighted as an object of research. Previous applications of the surface second-harmonic technique to aqueous electrolyte systems are also described, and the results of these studies are built upon herein. In Chapter 2 the principles of applying second harmonic generation as a spectroscopic probe of liquid-vapor interfaces are discussed, followed by a consideration of the adapted Langmuir model used to interpret such studies. This model is then developed to include both cations and anions as a consequence of the requirement of electroneutrality of the solution-vapor interface. The resulting expressions are then identified as diagnostics for mechanisms of ionic adsorption to the solution interface. A discussion of the technical requirements and developments necessary to apply femtosecond ultraviolet second-harmonic spectroscopy to these systems in a reliable and reproducible manner is also presented in Chapter 2. The models developed in Chapter 2 are used to interpret the interfacial adsorption processes of aqueous sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate solutions in Chapter 3. Nitrite surface activity is found to exhibit second-order bulk concentration dependence which is then interpreted to indicate the adsorption of nitrate and sodium into the interface region as ion-pairs. These ion-pairs are found to adsorb with a standard Gibbs free energy of -37±1 kJ*mol-1. The related sodium nitrate electrolyte is not found to be strongly surface active. The temperature dependence of the surface activity of aqueous potassium thiocyanate is explored in Chapter 4, and in terms of an adapted Langmuir adsorption model is found to be an exothermic process ( -5.9±0.2 kJ*mol-1) with a weakly unfavorable entropic component ( -8±1 J*mol-1). The process is also found to exhibit first-order dependence on bulk electrolyte concentration, indicating that the cation and anion translations are not highly correlated. These results are discussed in the framework of current theories of anionic interface adsorption mechanisms and alternative explanations are considered. The UV photochemical products of aqueous potassium and sodium thiocyanate are also observed to obscure the second-harmonic response of thiocyanate in the interface, and elemental sulfur is proposed to be excluded from the bulk solution into the interface in this system. In Chapter 5 the effect of oxidation on the interface of aqueous sodium iodide solutions is also investigated, determining that much like thiocyanate the second-harmonic signal is obscured by the products that are generated. The potential for exploring rate-law behavior at aqueous electrolyte interfaces by this method is also established. Lastly, the ultraviolet second-harmonic spectrum of sodium iodide at molar and millimolar concentrations is found to be qualitatively different to previously reported spectra. Two postulates are made to explain this variance, one being an experimental configuration difference, the other being due to the oxidation products found in these systems.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions by : Oleg IAkovlevich Samoilov
Download or read book Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions written by Oleg IAkovlevich Samoilov and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions by : Oleg I︠A︡kovlevich Samoĭlov
Download or read book Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions written by Oleg I︠A︡kovlevich Samoĭlov and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions by : Mildred Coen Robeck
Download or read book Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions written by Mildred Coen Robeck and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions by : O. Ya Samoilov
Download or read book Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions written by O. Ya Samoilov and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions by : O.Ya Samoilov
Download or read book Structure of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions and the Hydration of Ions written by O.Ya Samoilov and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structure of aqueous electrolyte solutions by : Oleg J. Samojlov
Download or read book Structure of aqueous electrolyte solutions written by Oleg J. Samojlov and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optics Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 2682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Specific Ion Effects by : Werner Kunz
Download or read book Specific Ion Effects written by Werner Kunz and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specific ion effects are important in numerous fields of science and technology. This book summarizes the main ideas that came up over the years. It presents the efforts of theoreticians and supports it by the experimental results stemming from various techniques.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :American Chemical Society. Committee on Professional Training Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780841227231 Total Pages :1700 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (272 download)
Book Synopsis ACS Directory of Graduate Research 1993 by : American Chemical Society. Committee on Professional Training
Download or read book ACS Directory of Graduate Research 1993 written by American Chemical Society. Committee on Professional Training and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Catalysis by Materials with Well-Defined Structures by : Zili Wu
Download or read book Catalysis by Materials with Well-Defined Structures written by Zili Wu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysis by Materials with Well-Defined Structures examines the latest developments in the use of model systems in fundamental catalytic science. A team of prominent experts provides authoritative, first-hand information, helping readers better understand heterogeneous catalysis by utilizing model catalysts based on uniformly nanostructured materials. The text addresses topics and issues related to material synthesis, characterization, catalytic reactions, surface chemistry, mechanism, and theoretical modeling, and features a comprehensive review of recent advances in catalytic studies on nanomaterials with well-defined structures, including nanoshaped metals and metal oxides, nanoclusters, and single sites in the areas of heterogeneous thermal catalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. Users will find this book to be an invaluable, authoritative source of information for both the surface scientist and the catalysis practitioner - Outlines the importance of nanomaterials and their potential as catalysts - Provides detailed information on synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials with well-defined structures, relating surface activity to catalytic activity - Details how to establish the structure-catalysis relationship and how to reveal the surface chemistry and surface structure of catalysts - Offers examples on various in situ characterization instrumental techniques - Includes in-depth theoretical modeling utilizing advanced Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods