Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Superfund And Transaction Costs
Download Superfund And Transaction Costs full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Superfund And Transaction Costs ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Superfund and Transaction Costs by : Jan Paul Acton
Download or read book Superfund and Transaction Costs written by Jan Paul Acton and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lloyd Dixon, a RAND economist, recently testified before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Public Works and Transportation regarding transaction costs involved in the cleanup of hazardous waste sites. Transaction costs are those that do not contribute directly to the understanding or cleanup of a site. Insurer transaction costs, he stated, were high: 88% of the total expenditures. They were split between coverage disputes and defense of policyholders. For large firms who were potentially responsible parties (PRPs), transaction costs, primarily for legal counsel, averaged 21% of total outlays, but decreased proportionally as cleanup progressed. These costs varied across sites, averaging 7% of the total where only a single PRP was involved and 39% were multiple PRPs were. Dixon concluded his testimony by suggesting that these facts may not tell much about the future, since insurance coverage issues are still unresolved, PRPs involved in cleanup may yet sue non-participating PRPs, and insurers may pursue their reinsurers as their own losses mount.
Book Synopsis Superfund and Transaction Costs by : Lloyd S. Dixon
Download or read book Superfund and Transaction Costs written by Lloyd S. Dixon and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lloyd Dixon, a RAND economist, recently testified before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Public Works and Transportation regarding transaction costs involved in the cleanup of hazardous waste sites. Transaction costs are those that do not contribute directly to the understanding or cleanup of a site. Insurer transaction costs, he stated, were high: 88% of the total expenditures. They were split between coverage disputes and defense of policyholders. For large firms who were potentially responsible parties (PRPs), transaction costs, primarily for legal counsel, averaged 21% of total outlays, but decreased proportionally as cleanup progressed. These costs varied across sites, averaging 7% of the total where only a single PRP was involved and 39% where multiple PRPs were. Dixon concluded his testimony by suggesting that these facts may not tell much about the future, since insurance coverage issues are still unresolved, PRPs involved in cleanup may yet sue non-participating PRPs, and insurers may pursue their reinsurers as their own losses mount.
Book Synopsis Fixing Superfund by : Lloyd S. Dixon
Download or read book Fixing Superfund written by Lloyd S. Dixon and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1994 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on the possible effect of the proposed Superfund Reform Act of 1994 on transaction costs resulting not from cleanup but from assigning liability for cleanup among the various parties.
Book Synopsis Private-sector Cleanup Expenditures and Transaction Costs at 18 Superfund Sites by : Lloyd S. Dixon
Download or read book Private-sector Cleanup Expenditures and Transaction Costs at 18 Superfund Sites written by Lloyd S. Dixon and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report will be of interest to those evaluating Superfund's liability-based approach to cleaning up the thousands of abandoned or inactive sites across the U.S. that are contaminated with hazardous substances.
Book Synopsis Superfund Liability Reform by : Lloyd S. Dixon
Download or read book Superfund Liability Reform written by Lloyd S. Dixon and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis RAND Research on Superfund Transaction Costs by : Lloyd S. Dixon
Download or read book RAND Research on Superfund Transaction Costs written by Lloyd S. Dixon and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication contains the written statement of Lloyd S. Dixon submitted on November 4, 1993 to the Subcommittee on Superfund, Recycling, and Solid Waste of the United States Senate Environment and Public Works Committee. The author addresses the following questions: What is our best estimate of transaction-cost share at Superfund sites to date? What will the transaction-cost share likely be when cleanup is complete? How does transaction-cost share vary by size of firm? What reforms might be considered to reduce transaction costs?
Book Synopsis Superfund by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Superfund written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Superfund and Transaction Costs by : Deborah Skoller Drezner
Download or read book Superfund and Transaction Costs written by Deborah Skoller Drezner and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superfund written by Lloyd S. Dixon and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analyzing Superfund by : Richard L. Revesz
Download or read book Analyzing Superfund written by Richard L. Revesz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-17 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1995, Analyzing Superfund outlines the key issues of the superfund reauthorization debate in the United States. The Superfund law faced criticism for being wasteful, inefficient and expensive. These papers sought to shed light on this argument in relation to clean-up standards, the liability regime, transaction costs and natural resource damage. This title will be of interest to students of Environmental Studies and professionals
Book Synopsis Superfund by : U S Government Accountability Office (G
Download or read book Superfund written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO discussed the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund program, focusing on methods to reduce the costs of resolving liability for hazardous waste site cleanups. GAO noted that: (1) EPA has used settlement tools at only 12 percent of the nonfederal Superfund sites; (2) EPA has not promoted the use of settlement tools at regional offices, since restrictive administrative procedures make the tools difficult to implement; (3) de minimus settlements have the greatest potential for resolving liability and reducing transaction costs when large numbers of parties are involved, and are only effective if EPA removes small contributors early in the process; (4) EPA has concentrated on getting as many responsible-party-financed cleanups started as soon as possible and believes that settlement efforts draw enforcement resources away from that effort, conflict with the Superfund liability doctrine, and are expensive; (5) EPA has given settlement tools a higher priority and improved some administrative procedures in response to complaints about high transaction costs, but it has not addressed all problems associated with their use; (6) increased use of mixed funding settlements could increase government costs and complicate settlement negotiations; and (7) proposals to eliminate retroactive liability are not justified because tools to reduce transaction costs would not be fully utilized, responsibility for contamination would be limited, fund expenditures would increase, the clean-up rate would decrease, and incentives for voluntary cleanups would be removed.
Book Synopsis Enforcement, Settlement, and Transaction Costs Issues Under the Superfund Program by : Environmental Law Institute
Download or read book Enforcement, Settlement, and Transaction Costs Issues Under the Superfund Program written by Environmental Law Institute and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coalition on Superfund Research Report: Project III, Development and testing of a methodology to identify the time, cost, and enforcement aspects of Superfund remediations by : Center for Hazardous Waste Management (IIT Research Institute)
Download or read book Coalition on Superfund Research Report: Project III, Development and testing of a methodology to identify the time, cost, and enforcement aspects of Superfund remediations written by Center for Hazardous Waste Management (IIT Research Institute) and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Superfund by : U S Government Accountability Office (G
Download or read book Superfund written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO discussed the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) use of settlement tools to expedite Superfund settlements and reduce transaction costs for Superfund hazardous waste liability claims. GAO noted that: (1) EPA is unable to fully demonstrate the effectiveness of settlement tools because its use of them has been limited; (2) EPA has completed de minimus settlements at only 73 nonfederal sites, prepared nonbinding allocations of responsibility at 5 sites, and employed alternative dispute resolution techniques at 35 sites; (3) reasons for EPA limited use of settlement tools include a lack of effort to promote their use in EPA regional offices, other EPA enforcement priorities, and restrictive administrative procedures that make the tools difficult to implement; (4) although EPA has begun to give the settlement tools higher priority because of widespread complaints about high transaction costs, it needs to ensure that settlement tools become fully operational and an integral part of its operation; (5) the expanded use of one of the settlement tools could complicate settlement negotiations; and (6) EPA needs to focus on reducing Superfund transaction costs by assessing the potential applicability of settlement tools, creating regional accountability, targeting resources, reviewing administrative procedures, and making responsible parties aware of the availability of settlement tools.
Book Synopsis Earnings Management to Minimize Superfund Cleanup and Transaction Costs by : Derek Johnston
Download or read book Earnings Management to Minimize Superfund Cleanup and Transaction Costs written by Derek Johnston and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate whether firms identified as potentially responsible parties (PRPs) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (more commonly known as Superfund) appear to manipulate earnings to minimize their exposure to Superfund cleanup and transaction costs. We analyze the discretionary accrual behavior of 612 PRPs from 1981 to 1995 and increase the power of our tests by identifying those PRPs with the most incentive to manage earnings during PRP identification years. The results provide robust evidence consistent with the hypothesis that these PRPs use income-reducing discretionary accruals during PRP identification years in an attempt to minimize Superfund cleanup and transaction costs. We also consider whether PRPs' incentives to manage earnings change in response to a change in the EPA regulatory regime and find modest evidence consistent with our conjecture.
Book Synopsis Project III: Development and testing of a methodology to identify the time, cost and enforcement aspects of Superfund remediations by : Center for Hazardous Waste Management
Download or read book Project III: Development and testing of a methodology to identify the time, cost and enforcement aspects of Superfund remediations written by Center for Hazardous Waste Management and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Superfund by : U S Government Accountability Office (G
Download or read book Superfund written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO discussed possible ways to reduce the costs of resolving liability for hazardous waste cleanup in the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund program, focusing on EPA use of: (1) de minimis settlements for parties that contribute comparatively small amounts of low-toxicity waste; (2) nonbinding allocations of responsibility (NBAR) for clean-up costs; (3) mixed-funding agreements between EPA and parties to share clean-up costs; and (4) neutral third-parties to help resolve liability and cost allocation problems. GAO noted that: (1) EPA has completed de minimis settlements at only 69 sites, prepared NBAR at 5 sites, used mixed-funding arrangements at 16 sites, and employed alternative dispute resolution techniques at 30 sites; (2) EPA has been concerned with getting as many responsible party-financed cleanups under way as quickly as possible; (3) EPA use of settlement tools has been difficult to implement; (4) EPA has begun to give settlement tools a higher priority due to widespread complaints about high transaction costs; (5) EPA current settlement efforts involve mostly pilot projects; and (6) expanded use of one of these tools could be expensive and complicate settlement negotiations.
