Sunni Chauvinism and the Roots of Muslim Modernism

Download Sunni Chauvinism and the Roots of Muslim Modernism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691241651
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sunni Chauvinism and the Roots of Muslim Modernism by : Teena U. Purohit

Download or read book Sunni Chauvinism and the Roots of Muslim Modernism written by Teena U. Purohit and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-05-16 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muslim intellectuals who sought to establish the boundaries of modern Muslim identity Muslim modernism was a political and intellectual movement that sought to redefine the relationship between Islam and the colonial West in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Spearheaded by Muslim leaders in Asia and the Middle East, the modernist project arose from a desire to reconcile Islamic beliefs and practices with European ideas of secularism, scientific progress, women’s rights, and democratic representation. Teena Purohit provides innovative readings of the foundational thinkers of Muslim modernism, showing how their calls for unity and reform led to the marginalization of Muslim minority communities that is still with us today. Sunni Chauvinism and the Roots of Muslim Modernism offers fresh perspectives on figures such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, Muhammad Iqbal, and Abul A’la Mawdudi. It sheds light on the exclusionary impulses and Sunni normative biases of modernist Muslim writers and explores how their aim to unite the global Muslim community—which was stagnant and fragmented in their eyes—also created lasting divisions. While modernists claimed to represent all Muslims when they asserted the centrality and significance of unity, they questioned the status of groups such as Ahmadis, Bahais, and the Shia more broadly. Addressing timely questions about religious authority and reform in modern Islam, this incisive book reveals how modernist notions of Islam as a single homogeneous tradition gave rise to enduring debates about who belongs to the Muslim community and who should be excluded.

Islamic Revival in British India

Download Islamic Revival in British India PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400856108
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Islamic Revival in British India by : Barbara D. Metcalf

Download or read book Islamic Revival in British India written by Barbara D. Metcalf and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a study of the vitality of Islam in late-nineteenth-century north India, Barbara Metcalf explains the response of Islamic religious scholars ('ulama) to the colonial dominance of the British and the collapse of Muslim political power. Originally published in 1982. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Islam in Pakistan

Download Islam in Pakistan PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069121073X
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Islam in Pakistan by : Muhammad Qasim Zaman

Download or read book Islam in Pakistan written by Muhammad Qasim Zaman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to explore the modern history of Islam in South Asia The first modern state to be founded in the name of Islam, Pakistan was the largest Muslim country in the world at the time of its establishment in 1947. Today it is the second-most populous, after Indonesia. Islam in Pakistan is the first comprehensive book to explore Islam's evolution in this region over the past century and a half, from the British colonial era to the present day. Muhammad Qasim Zaman presents a rich historical account of this major Muslim nation, insights into the rise and gradual decline of Islamic modernist thought in the South Asian region, and an understanding of how Islam has fared in the contemporary world. Much attention has been given to Pakistan's role in sustaining the Afghan struggle against the Soviet occupation in the 1980s, in the growth of the Taliban in the 1990s, and in the War on Terror after 9/11. But as Zaman shows, the nation's significance in matters relating to Islam has much deeper roots. Since the late nineteenth century, South Asia has witnessed important initiatives toward rethinking core Islamic texts and traditions in the interest of their compatibility with the imperatives of modern life. Traditionalist scholars and their institutions, too, have had a prominent presence in the region, as have Islamism and Sufism. Pakistan did not merely inherit these and other aspects of Islam. Rather, it has been and remains a site of intense contestation over Islam's public place, meaning, and interpretation. Examining how facets of Islam have been pivotal in Pakistani history, Islam in Pakistan offers sweeping perspectives on what constitutes an Islamic state.

Rediscovering the Islamic Classics

Download Rediscovering the Islamic Classics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691174563
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Rediscovering the Islamic Classics by : Ahmed El Shamsy

Download or read book Rediscovering the Islamic Classics written by Ahmed El Shamsy and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-11 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The people who selected, edited, and published the new print books on and about Islam exerted a huge influence on the resulting literary tradition. These unheralded editors determined, essentially, what came to be understood by the early twentieth century as the classical written "canon" of Islamic thought. Collectively, this relatively small group of editors who brought Islamic literature into print crucially shaped how Muslim intellectuals, the Muslim public, and various Islamist movements understood the Islamic intellectual tradition. In this book Ahmed El Shamsy recounts this sea change, focusing on the Islamic literary culture of Cairo, a hot spot of the infant publishing industry, from the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. As El Shamsy argues, the aforementioned editors included some of the greatest minds in the Muslim world and shared an ambitious intellectual agenda of revival, reform, and identity formation. .

Nationalism, Language, and Muslim Exceptionalism

Download Nationalism, Language, and Muslim Exceptionalism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812246918
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nationalism, Language, and Muslim Exceptionalism by : Tristan James Mabry

Download or read book Nationalism, Language, and Muslim Exceptionalism written by Tristan James Mabry and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2015-03-25 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on fieldwork in Iraq, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, and the Philippines, Nationalism, Language, and Muslim Exceptionalism compares the politics of six Muslim separatist movements, locating shared language and print culture as a central factor in Muslim ethnonational identity.

Longing for the Lost Caliphate

Download Longing for the Lost Caliphate PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691183376
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Longing for the Lost Caliphate by : Mona Hassan

Download or read book Longing for the Lost Caliphate written by Mona Hassan and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States and Europe, the word "caliphate" has conjured historically romantic and increasingly pernicious associations. Yet the caliphate's significance in Islamic history and Muslim culture remains poorly understood. This book explores the myriad meanings of the caliphate for Muslims around the world through the analytical lens of two key moments of loss in the thirteenth and twentieth centuries. Through extensive primary-source research, Mona Hassan explores the rich constellation of interpretations created by religious scholars, historians, musicians, statesmen, poets, and intellectuals. Hassan fills a scholarly gap regarding Muslim reactions to the destruction of the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad in 1258 and challenges the notion that the Mongol onslaught signaled an end to the critical engagement of Muslim jurists and intellectuals with the idea of an Islamic caliphate. She also situates Muslim responses to the dramatic abolition of the Ottoman caliphate in 1924 as part of a longer trajectory of transregional cultural memory, revealing commonalities and differences in how modern Muslims have creatively interpreted and reinterpreted their heritage. Hassan examines how poignant memories of the lost caliphate have been evoked in Muslim culture, law, and politics, similar to the losses and repercussions experienced by other religious communities, including the destruction of the Second Temple for Jews and the fall of Rome for Christians. A global history, Longing for the Lost Caliphate delves into why the caliphate has been so important to Muslims in vastly different eras and places.

Faces of Muhammad

Download Faces of Muhammad PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691270988
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Faces of Muhammad by : John Tolan

Download or read book Faces of Muhammad written by John Tolan and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2025-03-04 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heretic and impostor or reformer and statesman? The contradictory Western visions of Muhammad In European culture, Muhammad has been vilified as a heretic, an impostor, and a pagan idol. But these aren’t the only images of the Prophet of Islam that emerge from Western history. Commentators have also portrayed Muhammad as a visionary reformer and an inspirational leader, statesman, and lawgiver. In Faces of Muhammad, John Tolan provides a comprehensive history of these changing, complex, and contradictory visions. Starting from the earliest calls to the faithful to join the Crusades against the “Saracens,” he traces the evolution of Western conceptions of Muhammad through the Reformation, the Enlightenment, and the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and up to the present day. Faces of Muhammad reveals a lengthy tradition of positive portrayals of Muhammad that many will find surprising. To Reformation polemicists, the spread of Islam attested to the corruption of the established Church, and prompted them to depict Muhammad as a champion of reform. In revolutionary England, writers on both sides of the conflict drew parallels between Muhammad and Oliver Cromwell, asking whether the prophet was a rebel against legitimate authority or the bringer of a new and just order. Voltaire first saw Muhammad as an archetypal religious fanatic but later claimed him as an enemy of superstition. To Napoleon, he was simply a role model: a brilliant general, orator, and leader. The book shows that Muhammad wears so many faces in the West because he has always acted as a mirror for its writers, their portrayals revealing more about their own concerns than the historical realities of the founder of Islam.

Being Modern in the Middle East

Download Being Modern in the Middle East PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400866669
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Being Modern in the Middle East by : Keith David Watenpaugh

Download or read book Being Modern in the Middle East written by Keith David Watenpaugh and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-19 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this innovative book, Keith Watenpaugh connects the question of modernity to the formation of the Arab middle class. The book explores the rise of a middle class of liberal professionals, white-collar employees, journalists, and businessmen during the first decades of the twentieth century in the Arab Middle East and the ways its members created civil society, and new forms of politics, bodies of thought, and styles of engagement with colonialism. Discussions of the middle class have been largely absent from historical writings about the Middle East. Watenpaugh fills this lacuna by drawing on Arab, Ottoman, British, American and French sources and an eclectic body of theoretical literature and shows that within the crucible of the Young Turk Revolution of 1908, World War I, and the advent of late European colonialism, a discrete middle class took shape. It was defined not just by the wealth, professions, possessions, or the levels of education of its members, but also by the way they asserted their modernity. Using the ethnically and religiously diverse middle class of the cosmopolitan city of Aleppo, Syria, as a point of departure, Watenpaugh explores the larger political and social implications of what being modern meant in the non-West in the first half of the twentieth century. Well researched and provocative, Being Modern in the Middle East makes a critical contribution not just to Middle East history, but also to the global study of class, mass violence, ideas, and revolution.

The Lost Archive

Download The Lost Archive PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691189528
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Lost Archive by : Marina Rustow

Download or read book The Lost Archive written by Marina Rustow and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-14 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compelling look at the Fatimid caliphate's robust culture of documentation The lost archive of the Fatimid caliphate (909–1171) survived in an unexpected place: the storage room, or geniza, of a synagogue in Cairo, recycled as scrap paper and deposited there by medieval Jews. Marina Rustow tells the story of this extraordinary find, inviting us to reconsider the longstanding but mistaken consensus that before 1500 the dynasties of the Islamic Middle East produced few documents, and preserved even fewer. Beginning with government documents before the Fatimids and paper’s westward spread across Asia, Rustow reveals a millennial tradition of state record keeping whose very continuities suggest the strength of Middle Eastern institutions, not their weakness. Tracing the complex routes by which Arabic documents made their way from Fatimid palace officials to Jewish scribes, the book provides a rare window onto a robust culture of documentation and archiving not only comparable to that of medieval Europe, but, in many cases, surpassing it. Above all, Rustow argues that the problem of archives in the medieval Middle East lies not with the region’s administrative culture, but with our failure to understand preindustrial documentary ecology. Illustrated with stunning examples from the Cairo Geniza, this compelling book advances our understanding of documents as physical artifacts, showing how the records of the Fatimid caliphate, once recovered, deciphered, and studied, can help change our thinking about the medieval Islamicate world and about premodern polities more broadly.

Jihad in Islamic History

Download Jihad in Islamic History PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400827388
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Jihad in Islamic History by : Michael Bonner

Download or read book Jihad in Islamic History written by Michael Bonner and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-28 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is jihad? Does it mean violence, as many non-Muslims assume? Or does it mean peace, as some Muslims insist? Because jihad is closely associated with the early spread of Islam, today's debate about the origin and meaning of jihad is nothing less than a struggle over Islam itself. In Jihad in Islamic History, Michael Bonner provides the first study in English that focuses on the early history of jihad, shedding much-needed light on the most recent controversies over jihad. To some, jihad is the essence of radical Islamist ideology, a synonym for terrorism, and even proof of Islam's innate violence. To others, jihad means a peaceful, individual, and internal spiritual striving. Bonner, however, shows that those who argue that jihad means only violence or only peace are both wrong. Jihad is a complex set of doctrines and practices that have changed over time and continue to evolve today. The Quran's messages about fighting and jihad are inseparable from its requirements of generosity and care for the poor. Jihad has often been a constructive and creative force, the key to building new Islamic societies and states. Jihad has regulated relations between Muslims and non-Muslims, in peace as well as in war. And while today's "jihadists" are in some ways following the "classical" jihad tradition, they have in other ways completely broken with it. Written for general readers who want to understand jihad and its controversies, Jihad in Islamic History will also interest specialists because of its original arguments.

The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India

Download The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : South Asia Books
ISBN 13 : 9788185990231
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India by : Sita Ram Goel

Download or read book The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India written by Sita Ram Goel and published by South Asia Books. This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought

Download Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400833809
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought by : Roxanne L. Euben

Download or read book Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought written by Roxanne L. Euben and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most authoritative anthology of Islamist texts This anthology of key primary texts provides an unmatched introduction to Islamist political thought from the early twentieth century to the present, and serves as an invaluable guide through the storm of polemic, fear, and confusion that swirls around Islamism today. Roxanne Euben and Muhammad Qasim Zaman gather a broad selection of texts from influential Islamist thinkers and place these figures and their writings in their multifaceted political and historical contexts. The selections presented here in English translation include writings of Ayatollah Khomeini, Usama bin Laden, Muslim Brotherhood founder Hasan al-Banna, and Moroccan Islamist leader Nadia Yassine, as well as the Hamas charter, an interview with a Taliban commander, and the final testament of 9/11 hijacker Muhammad Ata. Illuminating the content and political appeal of Islamist thought, this anthology brings into sharp relief the commonalities in Islamist arguments about gender, democracy, and violence, but it also reveals significant political and theological disagreements among thinkers too often grouped together and dismissed as extremists or terrorists. No other anthology better illustrates the diversity of Islamist thought, the complexity of its intellectual and political contexts, or the variety of ways in which it relates to other intellectual and religious trends in the contemporary Muslim world.

Islam and Modernity

Download Islam and Modernity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 074863794X
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Islam and Modernity by : Muhammad Khalid Masud

Download or read book Islam and Modernity written by Muhammad Khalid Masud and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-18 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent events have focused attention on the perceived differences and tensions between the Muslim world and the modern West. As a major strand of Western public discourse has it, Islam appears resistant to internal development and remains inherently pre-modern. However Muslim societies have experienced most of the same structural changes that have impacted upon all societies: massive urbanisation, mass education, dramatically increased communication, the emergence of new types of institutions and associations, some measure of political mobilisation, and major transformations of the economy. These developments are accompanied by a wide range of social movements and by complex and varied religious and ideological debates. This textbook is a pioneering study providing an introduction to and overview of the debates and questions that have emerged regarding Islam and modernity. Key issues are selected to give readers an understanding of the complexity of the phenomenon from a variety of disciplinary perspectives. The various manifestations of modernity in Muslim life discussed include social change and the transformation of political and religious institutions, gender politics, changing legal regimes, devotional practices and forms of religious association, shifts in religious authority, and modern developments in Muslim religious thought.

Jefferson's Extracts from the Gospels

Download Jefferson's Extracts from the Gospels PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400853052
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Jefferson's Extracts from the Gospels by : Dickinson W. Adams

Download or read book Jefferson's Extracts from the Gospels written by Dickinson W. Adams and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an important clarification of the controversial religious beliefs of one of our most unorthodox but ethically committed presidents. Printed here are the facsimile texts of Jefferson's two compilations of Jesus' words. Originally published in 1983. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Words of Experience

Download Words of Experience PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Equinox Publishing (UK)
ISBN 13 : 9781781799116
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (991 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Words of Experience by : Ilyse R Morgenstein Fuerst

Download or read book Words of Experience written by Ilyse R Morgenstein Fuerst and published by Equinox Publishing (UK). This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carl W. Ernst devoted his academic life to translating Islam, linguistically and culturally, typically within the intellectual context of religious studies. His work has focussed on how Islamic concepts have travelled across time and space and his influence on Islamic studies and religious studies is far-reaching. This volume features contributions from long-standing colleagues, scholars whose own work has built on Ernst's contributions, and former students. It looks at themes in Islamic studies which Ernst has addressed and expands on his major contributions.Essays in this volume touch nearly every major element in Islamic studies - from the Qur'an to Sufism, Islamophobia to South Asian Islam, historical and contemporary praxis, music and more. This collection demonstrates one core tenant of Ernst's work, specifically the argument that Islam is not rooted in one place, time or language, but is a vast network, routed though myriad places, times and languages.

Holy Lands

Download Holy Lands PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780990976349
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (763 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Holy Lands by : Nicolas Pelham

Download or read book Holy Lands written by Nicolas Pelham and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Ottoman Empire fell apart, colonial powers drew straight lines on the map to create a new region--the Middle East--made up of new countries filled with multiple religious sects and ethnicities. Syria, Iraq and Lebanon, for example, all contained a kaleidoscope of Sunnis, Kurds, Shias, Circassians, Druze and Armenians. Israel was the first to establish a state in which one sect and ethnicity dominated others. Sixty years later, others are following suit, like the Kurds in northern Iraq, the Sunnis with ISIS, the Alawites in Syria, and the Shias in Baghdad and northern Yemen. The rise of irredentist states threatens to condemn the region to decades of conflict along new communal fault lines. In this book, Economist correspondent and New York Review of Books contributor Nicolas Pelham looks at how and why the world's most tolerant region degenerated into its least tolerant. Pelham reports from cities in Israel, Kurdistan, Iraq and Syria on how triumphant sects treat their ethnic and sectarian minorities, and he searches for hope--for a possible path back to the beauty that the region used to and can still radiate. --Publisher.

War and Peace in Islam

Download War and Peace in Islam PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781903682838
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (828 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis War and Peace in Islam by : Ghazi bin Muhammad (Prince of Jordan.)

Download or read book War and Peace in Islam written by Ghazi bin Muhammad (Prince of Jordan.) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a number of Islamic religious authorities and Muslim scholars, this work presents the views and teachings of mainstream Sunni and Shi’i Islam on the subject of jihad. It authoritatively presents jihad as it is understood by the majority of the world’s 1.7 billion Muslims in the world today, and supports this understanding with extensive detail and scholarship. No word in English evokes more fear and misunderstanding than "jihad." To date the books that have appeared on the subject in English by Western scholars have been either openly partisan and polemical or subtly traumatized by so many acts and images of terrorism in the name of jihad and by the historical memory of nearly 1,400 years of confrontation between Islam and Christianity. Though jihad is the central concern of War and Peace in Islam: The Uses and Abuses of Jihad, the range of the essays is not confined exclusively to the study of jihad. The work is divided into three parts: War and Its Practice, Peace and Its Practice, and Beyond Peace: The Practice of Forbearance, Mercy, Compassion and Love. The book aims to reveal the real meaning of jihad and to rectify many of the misunderstandings that surround both it and Islam’s relation with the “Other.”