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Summary Of Alfred Jules Ayers Language Truth And Logic
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Book Synopsis Language, Truth and Logic by : Alfred Jules Ayer
Download or read book Language, Truth and Logic written by Alfred Jules Ayer and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2012-04-18 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A delightful book … I should like to have written it myself." — Bertrand Russell First published in 1936, this first full-length presentation in English of the Logical Positivism of Carnap, Neurath, and others has gone through many printings to become a classic of thought and communication. It not only surveys one of the most important areas of modern thought; it also shows the confusion that arises from imperfect understanding of the uses of language. A first-rate antidote for fuzzy thought and muddled writing, this remarkable book has helped philosophers, writers, speakers, teachers, students, and general readers alike. Mr. Ayers sets up specific tests by which you can easily evaluate statements of ideas. You will also learn how to distinguish ideas that cannot be verified by experience — those expressing religious, moral, or aesthetic experience, those expounding theological or metaphysical doctrine, and those dealing with a priori truth. The basic thesis of this work is that philosophy should not squander its energies upon the unknowable, but should perform its proper function in criticism and analysis.
Book Synopsis Summary of Alfred Jules Ayer's Language, Truth and Logic by : Everest Media,
Download or read book Summary of Alfred Jules Ayer's Language, Truth and Logic written by Everest Media, and published by Everest Media LLC. This book was released on 2022-05-10T22:59:00Z with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Sample Book Insights: #1 The traditional disputes between philosophers are, for the most part, as unwarranted as they are unfruitful. The surest way to end them is to establish beyond question what should be the purpose and method of a philosophical inquiry. And this is not difficult to do. #2 The author claims that the human mind is incapable of understanding things in themselves, and that we can only understand things as they relate to our own experience. This means we can never truly understand anything beyond our senses. #3 The criterion used to test the genuineness of apparent statements of fact is the verifiability criterion. A sentence is factually significant to a given person if, and only if, he knows how to verify the proposition that it purports to express. #4 The distinction between the strong and weak sense of the term verifiable is important. A proposition is said to be verifiable in the strong sense of the term if its truth can be conclusively proven in experience. But a proposition is verifiable in the weak sense if it is possible for experience to render it probable.
Book Synopsis Ethics and Language by : Charles Leslie Stevenson
Download or read book Ethics and Language written by Charles Leslie Stevenson and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Problem of Knowledge by : Alfred Jules Ayer
Download or read book The Problem of Knowledge written by Alfred Jules Ayer and published by Viking Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Probability and Evidence by : Alfred Jules Ayer
Download or read book Probability and Evidence written by Alfred Jules Ayer and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new edition of Probability and Evidence, first published in 1972, one of the foremost analytical philosophers of the twentieth century addresses central questions in epistemology and the philosophy of science. Based on Ayer's influential Dewey Lectures of 1970, Probability and Evidence contains revised versions of the lectures and two additional essays. This new edition includes Graham Macdonald's extensive introduction explaining the book's importance and influence in contemporary philosophy.
Book Synopsis From a Logical Point of View by : Willard Van Orman Quine
Download or read book From a Logical Point of View written by Willard Van Orman Quine and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1980-05-15 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of essays has a unity and bears throughout the imprint of Quine's powerful and original mind. It is written with the felicity in the choice of words which makes everything that Quine writes a pleasure to read, and which ranks him among the best contemporary writers on abstract subjects.
Book Synopsis Noncognitivism in Ethics by : Mark Schroeder
Download or read book Noncognitivism in Ethics written by Mark Schroeder and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to noncognitivists, when we say that stealing is wrong, what we are doing is more like venting our feelings about stealing or encouraging one another not to steal, than like stating facts about morality. These ideas challenge the core not only of much thinking about morality and metaethics, but also of much philosophical thought about language and meaning. Noncognitivism in Ethics is an outstanding introduction to these theories, ranging from their early history through the latest contemporary developments. Beginning with a general introduction to metaethics, Mark Schroeder introduces and assesses three principal kinds of noncognitivist theory: the speech-act theories of Ayer, Stevenson, and Hare, the expressivist theories of Blackburn and Gibbard, and hybrid theories. He pays particular attention both to the philosophical problems about what moral facts could be about or how they could matter which noncognitivism seeks to solve, and to the deep problems that it faces, including the task of explaining both the nature of moral thought and the complexity of moral attitudes, and the ‘Frege-Geach’ problem. Schroeder makes even the most difficult material accessible by offering crucial background along the way. Also included are exercises at the end of each chapter, chapter summaries, and a glossary of technical terms - making Noncognitivism in Ethics essential reading for all students of ethics and metaethics.
Book Synopsis Ayer's Language, Truth and Logic by : David Mills Daniel
Download or read book Ayer's Language, Truth and Logic written by David Mills Daniel and published by Hymns Ancient and Modern Ltd. This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A summary of Language, Truth and Logic, by Sir Alfred Jules Ayer.
Download or read book A.J. Ayer written by Ben Rogers and published by Grove Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A. J. Ayer (1910-1989) was a man of startling complexity: an exceptionally rigorous and penetrating philosopher, he was also a dedicated hedonist and seducer. He traveled in the most glamorous social circles, yet his friends found him oddly remote. Internationally acclaimed author Ben Rogers brings the brilliant, strangely vulnerable author of the classic Language, Truth, and Logic to vivid life, along with the Oxford intellectual world where he met Isaiah Berlin, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and many other great thinkers and writers of the era. Colorful, intimate, and often poignant, this is a powerful biography of a provocative and unforgettable man whose ideas changed the landscape of Western thought. "Beautifully written, sympathetic, and sensitive ... [a] balanced and rounded picture of a very complicated man." -- Simon Blackburn, The New Republic "A readable and well-researched account of the life and career of a remarkable figure." -- Lynwood Abram, Houston Chronicle "A.J. Ayer lived a fascinating life and in Rogers he has found an ideal biographer....." -- Frank McLynn, The New Statesman "Rogers succeeds in capturing the spirit of a philosophical maverick who many loved to hate." -- Kirkus Reviews "Exceptionally good ... A.J. Ayer weaves the philosophical, public, and private strands of Ayer's life together most skillfully." -- The Economist
Book Synopsis The Logical Structure of the World by : Rudolf Carnap
Download or read book The Logical Structure of the World written by Rudolf Carnap and published by Open Court Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available for the first time in 20 years, here are two important works from the 1920s by the best-known representative of the Vienna Circle. In The Logical Structure of the World, Carnap adopts the position of "methodological solipsism" and shows that it is possible to describe the world from the immediate data of experience. In his Pseudoproblems in Philosophy, he asserts that many philosophical problems are meaningless.
Book Synopsis Platonism and Anti-Platonism in Mathematics by : Mark Balaguer
Download or read book Platonism and Anti-Platonism in Mathematics written by Mark Balaguer and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Balaguer demonstrates that there are no good arguments for or against mathematical platonism. He does this by establishing that both platonism and anti-platonism are defensible. (Philosophy)
Book Synopsis The Concise Encyclopedia of Western Philosophy and Philosophers by : J. O. Urmson
Download or read book The Concise Encyclopedia of Western Philosophy and Philosophers written by J. O. Urmson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised third edition of this Concise Encyclopedia brings it completely up-to-date. Featuring lively and engaging entries by some of the leading philosophers of our age, it is a readable reference work and engaging introduction.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Formal Logic by : Peter Smith
Download or read book An Introduction to Formal Logic written by Peter Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-06 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formal logic provides us with a powerful set of techniques for criticizing some arguments and showing others to be valid. These techniques are relevant to all of us with an interest in being skilful and accurate reasoners. In this highly accessible book, Peter Smith presents a guide to the fundamental aims and basic elements of formal logic. He introduces the reader to the languages of propositional and predicate logic, and then develops formal systems for evaluating arguments translated into these languages, concentrating on the easily comprehensible 'tree' method. His discussion is richly illustrated with worked examples and exercises. A distinctive feature is that, alongside the formal work, there is illuminating philosophical commentary. This book will make an ideal text for a first logic course, and will provide a firm basis for further work in formal and philosophical logic.
Book Synopsis Philosophical Troubles by : Saul A. Kripke
Download or read book Philosophical Troubles written by Saul A. Kripke and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-10 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important new book is the first of a series of volumes collecting the essential articles by the eminent and highly influential philosopher Saul A. Kripke. It presents a mixture of published and unpublished articles from various stages of Kripke's storied career. Included here are seminal and much discussed pieces such as "Identity and Necessity", "Outline of a Theory of Truth", "Speaker's Reference and Semantic Reference", and "A Puzzle About Belief." More recent published articles include "Russell's Notion of Scope" and "Frege's Theory of Sense and Reference" among others. Several articles are published here for the first time, including both older works ("Two Paradoxes of Knowledge", "Vacuous Names and Fictional Entities", "Nozick on Knowledge") as well as newer ("The First Person" and "Unrestricted Exportation"). "A Puzzle on Time and Thought" was written expressly for this volume. Publication of this volume -- which ranges over epistemology, linguistics, pragmatics, philosophy of language, history of analytic philosophy, theory of truth, and metaphysics -- represents a major event in contemporary analytic philosophy. It will be of great interest to the many who are interested in the work of one its greatest living figures.
Book Synopsis General Theory of Knowledge by : M. Schlick
Download or read book General Theory of Knowledge written by M. Schlick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: to that goal, and it is hoped that it will incorporate further works dealing in an exact way with interesting philosophical issues. Zürich, April 1973 Mario Bunge From the Preface to the First Edition It may seem odd that aseries of works devoted to the natural sciences should indude - indeed begin with - a volume on phi losophy. Today, of course, it is generally agreed that philosophy and natural science are perfectly compatible. But to grant the theory of knowledge such a prominent position implies not only that these two fields are compatible, but that there is a natural connection between them. Thus the indusion of this book in the series can be justified only if such an intimate relation of mutual dependence and interpenetration really does exist. Without anticipating what is to come, the author would like first to explain his point of view on the relationship between epistemology and the sciences, and in so doing make dear at the outset the method to be followed in this book. It is my view - which I have already expressed elsewhere and which I never tire of repeating - that philosophy is not aseparate science to be placed alongside of or above the individual disciplines. Rather, the philosophical element is present in all of the scienccs; it is their true soul, and only by virtue of it are they sciences at all.
Download or read book Bertrand Russell written by Ray Monk and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1996 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russell's avant-garde philosophy of free love combined with his principled pacificism would make him an icon of the international Left in the 1960s.".
Download or read book Ethics written by J.L. Mackie and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 1990-08-30 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An insight into moral skepticism of the 20th century. The author argues that our every-day moral codes are an 'error theory' based on the presumption of moral facts which, he persuasively argues, don't exist. His refutation of such facts is based on their metaphysical 'queerness' and the observation of cultural relativity.
