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Study Of Dynamics Of Blood In Microcirculation
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Book Synopsis Dynamics of Blood Cell Suspensions in Microflows by : Annie Viallat
Download or read book Dynamics of Blood Cell Suspensions in Microflows written by Annie Viallat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-12-09 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blood microcirculation is essential to our bodies for the successful supply of nutrients, waste removal, oxygen delivery, homeostasis, controlling temperature, wound healing, and active immune surveillance. This book provides a physical introduction to the subject and explores how researchers can successfully describe, understand, and predict behaviours of blood flow and blood cells that are directly linked to these important physiological functions. Using practical examples, this book explains how the key concepts of physics are related to blood microcirculation and underlie the dynamic behavior of red blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets. This interdisciplinary book will be a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students in biomechanics, fluid mechanics, biomedical engineering, biological physics, and medicine. Features: The first book to provide a physical perspective of blood microcirculation Draws attention to the potential of this physical approach for novel applications in medicine Edited by specialists in this field, with chapter contributions from subject area specialists
Book Synopsis Study of Dynamics of Blood in Microcirculation by :
Download or read book Study of Dynamics of Blood in Microcirculation written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blood is the primary transport medium in the human body that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells and responds to injury and inflammation. It is complex in the microstructural and mechanical sense, being multiphase non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid. The physical nature of blood as a multiphase fluid is intimately related to its biological functions. For flow at micron scales, the concentration of red blood cells (RBCs) is higher near the center of the channel and a red cell-free layer is found near the endothelial wall. White blood cells and platelets are also distributed nonuniformly in flow, but in contrast to red cells they are preferentially found near the walls of the flow channel, a phenomenon called "margination''. Origins of the flow-induced segregation and margination is not understood and is of great application in targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, cell sorting and filtration and many other microfluidic applications. The simulation results and subsequent theoretical development done in this work points, for the first time, towards a unified understanding of how physical parameters of particles like blood component or drug carriers can affect their margination propensity and result in flow induced segregation. Most importantly, the mechanistic nature of the simplified drift-diffusion theory presented here leads to substantial and systematic insight into the origin of margination; this study will complement detailed simulations and experiments in guiding the development of technologies involving blood and other multicomponent suspensions at microscales. A novel model for RBC is presented which comprehensively captures its key membrane properties and reveal multiple dynamical modes of single RBC in shear flow. We discovered some new RBC motions and present a comprehensive phase diagram of RBC dynamics. In simulation of RBC suspension with long-chained polymer additives, polymers are seen to suppress endothelial wall-induced migration to the center of channel and shear-induced diffusion of RBCs resulting in reduced cell-free layer thickness and paradoxically the resistance to flow; explaining beneficial hemodynamic effect and improved survival seen upon addition of polymers in animal models.
Book Synopsis Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition by : Roland N. Pittman
Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Book Synopsis Microcirculation by : Richard Effros
Download or read book Microcirculation written by Richard Effros and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microcirculation: Current Physiologic, Medical, and Surgical Concepts is based primarily on a course and a series of lectures presented at a congress on microcirculation held at the University of California in August 1979. The book gives an overview of the concepts regarding the structure and properties of small vessels, a topic mostly read only in specialized journals. The primary focus of the text is on the function and dysfunction of small blood vessels. Three major parts comprise the text. Part I discusses the morphology, physiology, and pharmacology of circulation, and Part II presents the dynamics or role of the microcirculation in the study of diabetes. Finally, Part III discusses also the role of microcirculation in disease states, particularly hemoconcentration. The book will provide much information to researchers and students in the fields of biology, medicine, physiology, and pharmacology.
Download or read book Microcirculation written by John Grayson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recogmuon recogmtIon of the microcirculation as an ideal interdisciplinary meeting place for the life sciences is really a postwar phenomenon. The European and the American Societies more than any other organizations launched the idea, and the success of the European Society's International Meetings gave impetus to a growth of interest from a handful of specialists to the wide interdisciplinary study which microcirculation now represents. The meeting held in Canada in June 1975 was, however, the first truly international meeting devoted to the microcirculation. It, too, was a success from every point of view, and the exchange of knowledge and new ideas was rewarding. It is our present hope that the tradition of European meetings with their characteristic European flavor will continue, but larded by larger, international congresses conceived on a worldwide basis. For the present conference we were fortunate in the presence of Dr. B. Zweifach. He was once referred to as the "father of the microcircula tion." This claim, unfortunately, I cannot accept. That honor probably belongs to Harvey, who by one of the most brilliant strokes of inductive reasoning in medical history inferred the existence of capillaries though he could not see them. Ben Zweifach's role was rather that of the midwife, presiding at the birth rather than the conception. The baby he delivered long years ago has since thriven lustily and its growth is in no small measure due to the continuing zeal of Zweifach and his associates.
Book Synopsis Calcium signalling by : Lars Kaestner
Download or read book Calcium signalling written by Lars Kaestner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book combines general concepts and methods to investigate calcium signalling in cells ranging from molecular biology approaches to manipulation of calcium in living cells. The focus within these methods in on the broad range of fluorescence imaging technology, in particular on optical sectioning techniques and fast image acquisition. In addition to these general guidelines there are application examples in a context beyond calcium signalling in two major fields: investigations of isolated cardiac myocytes and red blood cell related research. While the cellular cardiology section provides snapshots of certain calcium signalling aspects, the red blood cell part presents an overview from the functional identification of calcium-channels to a concept of physiological and pathophysiological relevance.
Book Synopsis Circulatory System Dynamics by : Abraham Noordergraaf
Download or read book Circulatory System Dynamics written by Abraham Noordergraaf and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Circulatory System Dynamics reviews cardiovascular dynamics from the analytical viewpoint and indicates ways in which the accumulated knowledge can be expanded and applied to further enhance understanding of the normal mammalian circulation, to ascertain the nature of difficulties associated with disease, and to test the effect of treatment. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the circulatory system, including its anatomy and the trigger for myocardial (heart muscle) contraction. The discussion then turns to measurement of blood pressure using invasive and non-invasive techniques; blood flow measurement, with emphasis on cardiac output and measurement in the microcirculation; the system and pulmonary arterial trees; and pulsatile pressure and flow in pulmonary veins. Subsequent chapters explore microcirculation and the anatomy of the microvasculature; the heart and coronary circulation, paying particular attention to the Frank-Starling mechanism and indices of myocardial "contractility"; and control of blood pressure, peripheral resistance, and cerebral flow. The last two chapters deal with circulatory assistance and the closed cardiovascular system. This book will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers in fields ranging from physiology and biology to biochemistry and biophysics.
Book Synopsis Microcirculation by : Ronald F. Tuma
Download or read book Microcirculation written by Ronald F. Tuma and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 999 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference is a volume in the Handbook of Physiology, co-published with The American Physiological Society. Growth in knowledge about the microcirculation has been explosive with the field becoming fragmented into numerous subdisciplines and subspecialties. This volume pulls all of the critical information into one volume. Meticulously edited and reviewed. Benefit: Provides investigators a unique tool to explore the significance of their findings in the context of other aspects of the microcirculation. In this way, the updated edition has a direct role in helping to develop new pathways of research and scholarship Highlights the explosive growth in knowledge about the microcirculation including the biology of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), endothelial cell signaling, angiogenesis, cell adhesion molecules, lymphocyte trafficking, ion channels and receptors, and propagated vasomotor responses. Benefit: Microcirculatory biology has become fragmented into numerous sub-disciplines and subspecialties, and these reference reintegrates the information in one volume
Book Synopsis Progress in Microcirculation Research by : David Garlick
Download or read book Progress in Microcirculation Research written by David Garlick and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Proceedings of the first Australasian Symposium on the Microcirculation held at the Institute of Administration, University of New South Wales, Little Bay, Sydney, 29 February-1 March 1980'.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Vascular Disease by : Robert Fitridge
Download or read book Mechanisms of Vascular Disease written by Robert Fitridge and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New updated edition first published with Cambridge University Press. This new edition includes 29 chapters on topics as diverse as pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, vascular haemodynamics, haemostasis, thrombophilia and post-amputation pain syndromes.
Book Synopsis Clinically Applied Microcirculation Research by : John Barker
Download or read book Clinically Applied Microcirculation Research written by John Barker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1995: Clinically Applied Microcirculation Research combines state-of-the-art microcirculation technology with present and potential applications in clinical medicine. This comprehensive guide unites the expertise of clinicians and basic researchers from around the world. Many of the chapters are authored by scientist/physician teams. The book provides a broad overview of how microcirculation is involved in clinical research. This is also a valuable reference source for both the history of and latest developments in microcirculation research.
Book Synopsis The Physiology and Pharmacology of the Microcirculation by : Nicholas A. Mortillaro
Download or read book The Physiology and Pharmacology of the Microcirculation written by Nicholas A. Mortillaro and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Physiology and Pharmacology of the Microcirculation, Volume 2, discusses the microcirculatory function of specific organ systems. The first volume of The Physiology and Pharmacology of the Microcirculation presented some general aspects of microcirculatory function and then concentrated on the microcirculation of a specific organ system, namely, brain, eye, heart, and kidneys. This second and final volume continues the presentation of microcirculatory function of specific organ systems. The book begins with a chapter on the microcirculation of the lungs, with a description of its microcirculatory features and current methods of study. This is followed by separate chapters on the microcirculation of the splanchnic organs. These include the stomach, emphasizing hemodynamics, tissue oxygenation, and control of blood flow; the small and large intestine. Subsequent chapters deal with the microcirculatory responses of both the liver and spleen to different physiological and pharmacological challenges; the microcirculation of the skin, with emphasis on human microcirculation; normal and abnormal microcirculatory dynamics in skeletal muscle; microcirculation of bone; and microcirculation of the salivary glands and exocrine pancreas. The final chapter presents a selective review of pathological events involving the microcirculation, with the emphasis directed toward human diseases.
Book Synopsis Design of a Numerical Model for Simulation of Blood Microcirculation and Study of Sickle Cell Disease by : François Thomas Le Floch-Yin
Download or read book Design of a Numerical Model for Simulation of Blood Microcirculation and Study of Sickle Cell Disease written by François Thomas Le Floch-Yin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sickle cell disease is nowadays one of the most challenging blood diseases, where patients suffer from both chronic and acute episodes of painful medical conditions. In particular, unpredictable crises due to blood vessel occlusion remain one of the least understood stages of the disease, which focuses the attention of medical research. A novel methodology has been developed to address sickle cell disease, based on highly descriptive mathematical models for blood flow in the capillaries. The main focus of our original sickle cell model is the coupling between oxygen delivery and red blood cell dynamics, which is crucial to understanding sickle cell crises and is unique to this blood disease. Based on an original physical description of polymerizing sickle hemoglobin (HbS), an extensive study of blood dynamics was initiated through simulations of red cells deforming within the capillary vessels. Our investigations relied on the use of a large mathematical system of equations describing oxygen transfer, blood plasma dynamics and red cell membrane mechanics. Abnormal dynamics were characterized in terms of resistance to blood flow (apparent viscosity), and oxygen delivery performance. The results presented in this thesis describe successfully qualitative and quantitative aspects of blood dynamics preceding sickle cell crises, through a detailed comparison of normal blood with sickle cell blood. Potential therapeutical directions were successfully identified, and assessed through simulations and systematic analysis of our results. This research is expected to spur the development of innovative strategies to study sickle cell disease, and also raise interest in other related fields of blood research, promoting analysis-driven development of new therapeutical directions.
Book Synopsis The Mechanics of the Circulation by : C. G. Caro
Download or read book The Mechanics of the Circulation written by C. G. Caro and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic book outlines the anatomy and physiology of the circulation and explains the mechanical principles that govern it.
Book Synopsis Microvascular Mechanics by : Jen-Shih Lee
Download or read book Microvascular Mechanics written by Jen-Shih Lee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . we do not know a truth without knowing its cause. Aristotle Perhaps the greatest hope that may be entertained for a scientific work, whether experimental or theoretical, is that it leads to new thoughts and new avenues of investigation on the part of its readers. In microvascular mechanics, the interplay of rheology, anatomy, and cellular and organ function has only just begun to be addressed. To understand the operational behavior of microcirculation, there is a need to integrate studies at the cellular or molecu lar level with a quantitative, biomechanical description of the circulatory system. The symposium entitled "Frontiers in Cardiopulmonary Mechanics" held in June 1988 at the University of Virginia was intended to provide a fundamental approach to the description of the circulation from the per spective of microvascular mechanics and to examine new methodology that may advance this effort. This book arose out ofthe work presented at the symposium. Aristotle expressed well the need to pursue the causes of a phenomenon in order to achieve a truthful understanding of its nature. In this spirit has each of the quantitative sciences progressed, and in this spirit we hope that this book will provide some understanding of the microvascular events and bio mechanical mechanisms underlying the behavior of circulation in general, and of pulmonary and skeletal muscle microcirculation in particular. The integrated treatment of pulmonary and systemic microcirculation provided here is intended to encourage the cross-fertilization of these two research fields.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Aspects of Dental Pulp by : Reizo Inoki
Download or read book Dynamic Aspects of Dental Pulp written by Reizo Inoki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a circumspective overview and update of the present existing knowledge of the biology, chemistry and pathophysiology of the dental pulp. It details numerous observations of a group of highly specialized investigators who have united in the common purpose of presenting their observations for the benefit of clinicians, teachers, researchers and students. Fortunately, the dental literature presents abundant research findings about pulp biology and the pulp's responses to various stimuli. This abundance has resulted in an increased interest and expansion of research on this subject. For example, publications abound on the response of pulp tissue to various medications and to a variety of types of dental materials which may be placed near to or at some distance from the pulp through the medium of dentine. One of the reasons the pulp is of such interest is that it not only provides the vitality to the teeth but also produces the dentine - both the primary and secondary, as well as reparative. The latter-type dentine is a result of the pulp's functions in response to disease as the former dentine is in response to health. As an example, some investigators have reported the effects of cutting of dentine and the placement of restorations in dentine which in turn reflect changes on the pulp tissue. These reports have raised a number of questions, which in turn have created a need for answers.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Microcirculation by : M.P. Wiedeman
Download or read book An Introduction to Microcirculation written by M.P. Wiedeman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Microcirculation is written in response to the need for a book containing the most basic information about microcirculation. The book aims to consolidate information gained from the numerous vascular beds that have been used for in vivo microscopic observations, to note the similarities and differences in architecture and function, to reveal the origin of certain terms and concepts, and to discuss hemodynamics of the micro vessels. The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 covers a historical introduction to the study; general anatomical comparisons; the microvasculature of specific organs and tissues; and methods of preparation of tissues for microscopic observation. Part 2 discusses factors that are involved in this process and the exchange in the microcirculation. Part 3 explores the hemodynamics in the microcirculation and quantitative techniques for measurement of velocity and blood pressure. The text is for medical students, graduate students, clinicians, and young investigators who wish to have a greater knowledge on microcirculation and the concepts behind it.
