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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Study of Detector Backgrounds in A??− Collider written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents the first estimates of the backgrounds in the final focus region for a 2 TeV x 2 TeV Muon Collider.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Detector Background Conditions at Linear Colliders written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detector backgrounds at the Stanford Linear Collider are discussed with emphasis on their sources, and methods of controlling them. 5 refs., 7 figs.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Backgrounds and Detector Performance at a 2 X 2 TeV??− Collider written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rich physics potential of a high-energy high-luminosity??− collider and the surprising feasibility of a design attract the attention of many people these days. A few issues define the practicality of such a project, with the enormous particle background levels in a detector due to unavoidable reasons holding first place. In contrast to hadron colliders where particle backgrounds come both from interaction point (IP) and accelerator, almost all the backgrounds in the muon collider detectors arise in the machine. The decay length for 2 TeV muons is?{sub D}−1 -10−7 m−1. With 1012 muons in a bunch one has 105 decays per meter in a single pass through an interaction region, and 108 decays per meter per 12 msec store. This paper examines two major classes of detector backgrounds presented in the muon collider: beam halo backgrounds, and the {open_quotes}direct{close_quotes} backgrounds from electrons from????????e?{bar {nu}} decay occurring in the beam channel. The authors describe the nature of both of these backgrounds, provide results of first realistic calculations for both sources and discuss their effects on plausible detectors. Various shielding and collimation geometries have been simulated, and their efficacy and the nature of the surviving background discussed.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Comparison of Backgrounds in Detectors for LHC, NLC And??− Colliders written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background levels in detectors at future high-luminosity colliders of three different types - proton-proton, electron-positron, and muon- antimuon - are analyzed. Two sources - debris from the collision points and those from an accelerator tunnel - are studied. It is shown that hadron, electron and muon colliders are similar and very different at the same time with respect to background origin, integrated radiation levels and instantaneous rates of particles in the detectors. 23 refs., 11 figs., 4 tabs.
Author : Hermann Kolanoski
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191899232
Total Pages : 949 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (918 download)
Download or read book Particle Detectors written by Hermann Kolanoski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 949 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the fundamentals of particle detectors as well as their applications. Detector development is an important part of nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics, and through its applications in radiation imaging, it paves the way for advancements in the biomedical and materials sciences. Knowledge in detector physics is one of the required skills of an experimental physicist in these fields. The breadth of knowledge required for detector development comprises many areas of physics and technology, starting from interactions of particles with matter, gas- and solid-state physics, over charge transport and signal development, to elements of microelectronics. The book's aim is to describe the fundamentals of detectors and their different variants and implementations as clearly as possible and as deeply as needed for a thorough understanding. While this comprehensive opus contains all the materials taught in experimental particle physics lectures or modules addressing detector physics at the Master's level, it also goes well beyond these basic requirements. This is an essential text for students who want to deepen their knowledge in this field. It is also a highly useful guide for lecturers and scientists looking for a starting point for detector development work.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Detector Background at Muon Colliders written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics goals of a Muon Collider (MC) can only be reached with appropriate design of the ring, interaction region (IR), high-field superconducting magnets, machine-detector interface (MDI) and detector. Results of the most recent realistic simulation studies are presented for a 1.5-TeV MC. It is shown that appropriately designed IR and MDI with sophisticated shielding in the detector have a potential to substantially suppress the background rates in the MC detector. The main characteristics of backgrounds are studied.
Author : В. В. Маяковский
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (719 download)
Download or read book Стихи Поэми Статì written by В. В. Маяковский and published by . This book was released on 1939 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 69 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Physics Validation Studies for Muon Collider Detector Background Simulations written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the broad discipline of physics, the study of the fundamental forces of nature and the most basic constituents of the universe belongs to the field of particle physics. While frequently referred to as 'high-energy physics, ' or by the acronym 'HEP, ' particle physics is not driven just by the quest for ever-greater energies in particle accelerators. Rather, particle physics is seen as having three distinct areas of focus: the cosmic, intensity, and energy frontiers. These three frontiers all provide different, but complementary, views of the basic building blocks of the universe. Currently, the energy frontier is the realm of hadron colliders like the Tevatron at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) or the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. While the LHC is expected to be adequate for explorations up to 14 TeV for the next decade, the long development lead time for modern colliders necessitates research and development efforts in the present for the next generation of colliders. This paper focuses on one such next-generation machine: a muon collider. Specifically, this paper focuses on Monte Carlo simulations of beam-induced backgrounds vis-a-vis detector region contamination. Initial validation studies of a few muon collider physics background processes using G4beamline have been undertaken and results presented. While these investigations have revealed a number of hurdles to getting G4beamline up to the level of more established simulation suites, such as MARS, the close communication between us, as users, and the G4beamline developer, Tom Roberts, has allowed for rapid implementation of user-desired features. The main example of user-desired feature implementation, as it applies to this project, is Bethe-Heitler muon production. Regarding the neutron interaction issues, we continue to study the specifics of how GEANT4 implements nuclear interactions. The GEANT4 collaboration has been contacted regarding the minor discrepancies in the neutron interaction cross sections for boron. While corrections to the data files themselves are simple to implement and distribute, it is quite possible, however, that coding changes may be required in G4beamline or even in GEANT4 to fully correct nuclear interactions. Regardless, these studies are ongoing and future results will be reflected in updated releases of G4beamline.
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Download or read book Backgrounds and Detector Performance at a 2 X 2 TeV[mu][sup+][mu][sup[minus] Collider written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rich physics potential of a high-energy high-luminosity[mu][sup+][mu][sup[minus]] collider and the surprising feasibility of a design attract the attention of many people these days. A few issues define the practicality of such a project, with the enormous particle background levels in a detector due to unavoidable reasons holding first place. In contrast to hadron colliders where particle backgrounds come both from interaction point (IP) and accelerator, almost all the backgrounds in the muon collider detectors arise in the machine. The decay length for 2 TeV muons is[lambda][sub D][sup[minus]1][approximately]10[sup[minus]7] m[sup[minus]1]. With 10[sup 12] muons in a bunch one has 10[sup 5] decays per meter in a single pass through an interaction region, and 10[sup 8] decays per meter per 12 msec store. This paper examines two major classes of detector backgrounds presented in the muon collider: beam halo backgrounds, and the[open-quotes]direct[close-quotes] backgrounds from electrons from[mu][yields]e[nu][bar[nu]] decay occurring in the beam channel. The authors describe the nature of both of these backgrounds, provide results of first realistic calculations for both sources and discuss their effects on plausible detectors. Various shielding and collimation geometries have been simulated, and their efficacy and the nature of the surviving background discussed.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Simulation of Backgrounds in Detectors and Energy Deposition in Superconducting Magnets At??− Colliders written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A calculational approach is described to study beam induced radiation effects in detector and storage ring components at high-energy high-luminosity??− colliders. The details of the corresponding physics process simulations used in the MARS code are given. Contributions of electromagnetic showers, synchrotron radiation, hadrons and daughter muons to the background rates in a generic detector for a 2 x 2 TeV?+?− collider are investigated. Four configurations of the inner triplet and a detector are examined for two sources: muon decays and beam halo interactions in the lattice elements. The beam induced power density in superconducting magnets is calculated and ways to reduce it are proposed.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book Secondary Particle in Background Levels and Effects on Detectors at Future Hadron Colliders written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The next generation of hadron colliders, the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), will operate at high center-of-mass energies and luminosities. Namely, for the SSC (LHC) (square root)s = 40 TeV ((square root)s = 16 TeV) and L = 1033 cm−2s−1 (L = 3 x 1034 cm−2s−1). These conditions will result in the production of large backgrounds as well as radiation environments. Ascertaining the backgrounds, in terms of the production of secondary charged and neutral particles, and the radiation environments are important considerations for the detectors proposed for these colliders. An initial investigation of the radiation levels in the SSC detectors was undertaken by D. Groom and colleagues, in the context of the ''task force on radiation levels in the SSC interaction regions.'' The method consisted essentially of an analytic approach, using standard descriptions of average events in conjunction with simulations of secondary processes. Following Groom's work, extensive Monte Carlo simulations were performed to address the issues of backgrounds and radiation environments for the GEM and SD C3 experiments proposed at the SSC, and for the ATLAS and CMS experiments planned for the LHC. The purpose of the present article is to give a brief summary of some aspects of the methods, assumptions, and calculations performed to date (principally for the SSC detectors), and to stress the relevance of such calculations to the detectors proposed for the study of B-physics in particular.
Download or read book Calculation of Detector Backgrounds at TeV Linear Colliders written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is necessary to carefully design masks and beam lines to prevent the high energy physics detector from being inundated with background particles from a high energy linear collider. Presented here are preliminary calculations on two of the three expected backgrounds: photons from synchrotron radiation produced in the final focus quadrupoles, and electrons which lose energy due to bremsstrahlung and are then bent into a mask or quadrupole by the field of the opposite beam. The former can be controlled with proper masking. The latter may pose a problem, so further calculations are needed. Work was also done on the third expected source of background: electrons in the tail of the beam which hit masks where showers are made whose products enter the detector. This work was very preliminary and is not included in this write-up. All the calculations here are based on the 1 TeV center-of-mass linear collider design of R. Palmer and the final focus design of K. Oide which can be found in these proceedings. Extrapolations to other accelerator designs should be straightforward.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book 2 × 2 TeV??− Collider written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design for a high-luminosity??− superconducting storage ring is presented based on first-pass calculations. Special attention is paid to two Iowa interaction regions (IR) whose optics are literally interlaced with the collider detectors. Various sources of backgrounds in IR are explored via realistic Monte Carlo simulations. An improved design of the collider lattice in the neighborhood of the interaction points (EP) is determined by the need to reduce significantly background levels in the detectors.
Author : Michael Hance
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642330622
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)
Download or read book Photon Physics at the LHC written by Michael Hance and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-08 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis reports on the first studies of Standard Model photon production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using the ATLAS detector. Standard Model photon production is a large background in the search for Higgs bosons decaying into photon pairs, and is thus critical to understand. The thesis explains the techniques used to reconstruct and identify photon candidates using the ATLAS detector, and describes a measurement of the production cross section for isolated prompt photons. The thesis also describes a search for the Higgs boson in which the analysis techniques used in the measurement are exploited to reduce and estimate non-prompt backgrounds in diphoton events.
Author : Valerie Kelly
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814569569
Total Pages : 852 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)
Download or read book Detector Research And Development For The Superconducting Super Collider - Proceedings Of The Symposium written by Valerie Kelly and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1991-05-29 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last three years a significant program of detector technology research and development for high luminosity, high energy hadron-hadron colliders has been underway in the United States, Japan and Europe. In as much as the first formal steps have been undertaken to initiate the experimental program at the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC), it is appropriate to assess in detail the status of this R&D effort.Results and Plans for Advanced Technology R&D for Particle Physics Detectors Appropriate for SSC Experiments are Presented. Specific Topics include: Calorimetry; Particle Tracking and Identification Techniques; Vertex-Detection; Magnets; Front-End Electronics; Data Acquisition Electronics; Techniques in Triggering; Data Transmission; Data Analysis and Simulation Software; Studies on Radiation Damage to Materials and Electronics.
Author : Christian W. Fabjan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030353184
Total Pages : 1083 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Download or read book Reducing Backgrounds in the Higgs Factory Muon Collider Detector written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A preliminary design of the 125-GeV Higgs Factory (HF) Muon Collider (MC) has identified an enormous background loads on the HF detector. This is related to the twelve times higher muon decay probability at HF compared to that previously studied for the 1.5-TeV MC. As a result of MARS15 optimization studies, it is shown that with a carefully designed protection system in the interaction region, in the machine-detector interface and inside the detector one can reduce the background rates to a manageable level similar to that achieved for the optimized 1.5-TeV case. The main characteristics of the HF detector background are presented for the configuration found.
