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Studies On Pretreatment And Biosugars Recovery From Oil Palm Frond Juice
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Book Synopsis Studies on Pretreatment and Biosugars Recovery from Oil Palm Frond Juice by : Faatihah Mohamad Asri
Download or read book Studies on Pretreatment and Biosugars Recovery from Oil Palm Frond Juice written by Faatihah Mohamad Asri and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis jacq) frond (OPF) has a great potential to be commercialized due to its abundance as an oil palm solid wastes that are generated during oil palm agriculture and harvest. OPF juice has been identified as a good candidate to replace pure or technical grade sugars for the production of value-added products. Recently, it has been reported that OPF juice can be used as the sole renewable carbon source for the production of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB). In order to further evaluate the future prospect of OPF juice as fermentation feedstock, in-depth investigation on the bioconversion of OPF juice to produce other valuable products such as lactic acid and bioethanol will be the focus of future research project. Prior to that, OPF juice has to be treated to remove the precipitate as well as others impurities. This study has to be done at the first place in order to further enhance the sugars recovery to increase the concentration and purity of the renewable sugars contained in the OPF juice. In order to achieve this objective, three different pre-treatment processes including chemical treatment with calcium chloride, heat and chemical treatment with hydrogen peroxide and activated carbon adsorption was applied. The process parameters obtained from sugar analysis provided an insight information about the effect of the different pretreatment methods on sugar content in OPF juice. The treated juice was subjected to further process which is purification and recovery using conventional method i.e., crystallization and spray drying.
Book Synopsis Biodelinification as Pretreatment to Acid Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Trunk (OPT) by : Wan Nur Atiqah Wan Yusoff
Download or read book Biodelinification as Pretreatment to Acid Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Trunk (OPT) written by Wan Nur Atiqah Wan Yusoff and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acid hydrolysis is important to breakdown cellulose into its constituent sugar such as glucose. Biodelignification is one example of pretreatment. Pretreatment is applied to make the cellulose accessible to hydrolysis for further conversion such as sugar. Kinetic study is important to determine kinetic parameter for production of glucose by acid hydrolysis. The main purpose of this research is to study kinetic acid hydrolysis of OPT to produce glucose. The methodology of this research can be summarized as follow. Firstly, for untreated OPT, the research is started by run acid hydrolysis to OPT. Two stage of acid hydrolysis is applied. In this method, first, OPT is submerged in 60% sulfuric acid for 30 min and respectively at 60°C. Next, OPT is applied with 30% acid hydrolysis for 60 min and respectively at 80°C. For treated OPT, biodelignification is applied to OPT and continued with acid hydrolysis as mentioned in untreated OPT. Optimum conditions for biodelignification is as follow: temperature at 25.16°C, 7.54 pH values, 2.38 mL/12 hour moisture content and 1:2 fungi to medium ratio. RK fourth order is used to solve ordinary differential equation and the kinetic parameter obtained is analyzed. K1, K2 and Ymax are the kinetic parameters in this study which means K1 is biomass decomposition rate, K2 is sugar release rate and Ymax is glucose production. After analyze data, kinetic parameters value for treated OPT are Ymax = 5.266 g/l, K1 = 0.011454 min-1 and K2 = 0.015036 min-1 whereas for untreated OPT is Ymax = 4.878 g/l, K1 = 0.007774 min-1 and K2= 0.012584 min-1. For conclusion, results showed that acid hydrolysis with biodelignification pretreatment give better result of kinetic parameter value this is because treated OPT have higher value of K1, K2 and Ymax. High value of K1 means high rate to degrade biomass to produce glucose whereas high value of K2 means that the faster time needed to achieve glucose production and high value of Ymax shows high glucose production. For future study, quantity of glucose obtained can be maximized by using this kinetic parameters obtained.
Book Synopsis Effect of Pretreatment on the Ultrastructure of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches by : Darnoko K. Pamin
Download or read book Effect of Pretreatment on the Ultrastructure of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches written by Darnoko K. Pamin and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major problem in the bioconversion of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) for fermentable sugar production is the presence of non-cellulose materials which should be removed before enzymatic hydrolysis. In addition, the high silica content of EFB also inhibits the enzymatic hydrolysis. In this experiment EFB were pretreated with acid and alkali at various concentrations to remove lignin, hemicellulose and silica. The results from ultrastructural analysis using scanning electronmicroscope showed that pretreatment with alkali was much better than acid pretreatment. Alkali pretreatment caused much changes on the ultrastructure of EFB by leaching the lignin and silica substantially and leaving the biomass much easier to be penetrated by agents of hydrolysis. [Authors' abstract].
Book Synopsis Screening on the Factor Affecting the Alkaline Pretreatment of Fiber Pressed Oil Palm Frond by : Nur Fatin Nadiah Fauzi
Download or read book Screening on the Factor Affecting the Alkaline Pretreatment of Fiber Pressed Oil Palm Frond written by Nur Fatin Nadiah Fauzi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil palm fronds are a by-product from the harvest of the fresh fruit from oil palms. Nowadays, oil palm fronds are used as a source of roughage for ruminants. Oil palm fronds have lignocelluloses biomass is an organic residue which consists of mainly cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses, whose basic units are sugars that can be fermented into sugar or other chemicals.The main objective of this research is to screening the factor that affect the alkaline pretreatment in lignin removal. This research was conducted based on two-level factorial design with a total sixteen runs. The studied variables or factors (parameters) e.g. sodium hydroxide concentration, temperature, time pretreatment, lime concentration and ultrasonication were denoted by high level (+1) and low level (-1) where their actual code are 0.50-10%, 40-90oC,15-120 minutes, 2.00-10.00% and yes or no, respectively. The oil palm frond biomass with less than 1.0mm were first pre-soaked in mixture of sodium hydroxide and lime solution that have different concentration, then incubated in an microwave with desired temperature and time. For the alkaline-assisted ultrasonic, the same method is approach but by using ultrasonic probe. The OPF was then filtered and washed thoroughly with de-ionized water and dried in oven for 24 hour. Then, the filtrate was weighed. The analysis done using Two-Level Factorial by Design Expert software shows that three factors are affecting with high contribution towards the lignin removal. These factors are the sodium hydroxide concentration, temperature and lime concentration. The factors of NaOH concentration, temperature and lime concentration contributed with 76.30%, 0.50% and 0.29% respectively to the delignification process. In addition, the data obtained wasfitted into response which is the amount of lignin removed, YLfor statistical analysis. Lignin response was found to be significant in terms of model (F-value = 39.79), the regression coefficient, R2= 0.9876 and adjusted regression coefficient RA2= 0.9628.
Book Synopsis Optimization of Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Fronds for Xylooligosaccharides Production by : Siti Sabrina Mohd. Sukri
Download or read book Optimization of Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Fronds for Xylooligosaccharides Production written by Siti Sabrina Mohd. Sukri and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Emerging Areas in Bioengineering by : Ho Nam Chang
Download or read book Emerging Areas in Bioengineering written by Ho Nam Chang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than 40 contributions from expert authors, this is an extensive overview of all important research topics in the field of bioengineering, including metabolic engineering, biotransformations and biomedical applications. Alongside several chapters dealing with biotransformations and biocatalysis, a whole section is devoted to biofuels and the utilization of biomass. Current perspectives on synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches are presented, involving such example organisms as Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum, while a further section covers topics in biomedical engineering including drug delivery systems and biopharmaceuticals. The book concludes with chapters on computer-aided bioprocess engineering and systems biology. This is a part of the Advanced Biotechnology book series, covering all pertinent aspects of the field with each volume prepared by eminent scientists who are experts on the topic in question. Invaluable reading for biotechnologists and bioengineers, as well as those working in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Advanced Biotechnology Biotechnology is a broad, interdisciplinary field of science, combining biological sciences and relevant engineering disciplines, that is becoming increasingly important as it benefits the environment and society as a whole. Recent years have seen substantial advances in all areas of biotechnology, resulting in the emergence of brand new fields. To reflect this progress, Sang-Yup Lee (KAIST, South Korea), Jens Nielsen (Chalmers University, Sweden), and Gregory Stephanopoulos (MIT, USA) have joined forces as the editors of a new Wiley-VCH book series. Advanced Biotechnology will cover all pertinent aspects of the field and each volume will be prepared by eminent scientists who are experts on the topic in question.
Book Synopsis Polysaccharides II by : Dieter Klemm
Download or read book Polysaccharides II written by Dieter Klemm and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-10-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has the Highest Impact Factor of all publications ranked by ISI within Polymer Science. It contains short and concise reports on physics and chemistry of polymers, each written by the world renowned experts. The book is still valid and useful after 5 or 10 years. The electronic version is available free of charge for standing order customers at: springer.com/series/12/
Book Synopsis Biorefinery of Alternative Resources: Targeting Green Fuels and Platform Chemicals by : Sonil Nanda
Download or read book Biorefinery of Alternative Resources: Targeting Green Fuels and Platform Chemicals written by Sonil Nanda and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes recent advances in the processing of waste biomass resources to produce biofuels and biochemicals. Worldwide interest in clean energy sources, environmental protection, and mitigating global warming is rapidly gaining momentum and spurring on the search for alternative energy sources, especially for the transportation and industrial sectors. This book reviews the opportunities presented by low-cost organic waste materials, discussing their suitability for alternative fuel and fine chemical production, physicochemical characterization, conversion technologies, feedstock and fuel chemistry, refining technologies, fuel upgrading, residue management, and the circular economy. In addition, it explores applied aspects of biomass conversion by highlighting several significant thermochemical, hydrothermal and biological technologies. In summary, the book offers comprehensive and representative descriptions of key fuel processing technologies, energy conversion and management, waste valorization, eco-friendly waste remediation, biomass supply chain, lifecycle assessment, techno-economic analysis and the circular bioeconomy.
Book Synopsis Lignocellulose for Future Bioeconomy by : Hidayah Ariffin
Download or read book Lignocellulose for Future Bioeconomy written by Hidayah Ariffin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-04-20 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lignocellulose for Future Bioeconomy discusses the conversion and utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. This book focuses on the utilization of lignocelluloses for various products, including biopolymers, bionanomaterials and bioproducts. Recent findings in scientific investigation, engineering, product development, economic and lifecycle analysis are discussed, as are current synthesis technologies and potential applications. The book progresses from a discussion of the potential sources of biomass, to the refinement and processing of materials. A sampling of various sustainability issues faced by industries in their production methods and a look at real world examples of the use of lignocellulose-based materials in the bioeconomy round out the discussion. - Presents information on lignocellulosic biomass management and its utilization for the production of bioproducts, biopolymers and bionanomaterials - Highlights the applications of advanced materials developed from lignocellulosic biomass and their contribution towards future bioeconomy - Discusses the lifecycle of lignocellulosic biomass
Book Synopsis Biofuel Technologies by : Vijai Kumar Gupta
Download or read book Biofuel Technologies written by Vijai Kumar Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-26 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels are considered to be the main potential replacement for fossil fuels in the near future. In this book international experts present recent advances in biofuel research and related technologies. Topics include biomethane and biobutanol production, microbial fuel cells, feedstock production, biomass pre-treatment, enzyme hydrolysis, genetic manipulation of microbial cells and their application in the biofuels industry, bioreactor systems, and economical processing technologies for biofuel residues. The chapters provide concise information to help understand the technology-related implications of biofuels development. Moreover, recent updates on biofuel feedstocks, biofuel types, associated co- and byproducts and their applications are highlighted. The book addresses the needs of postgraduate researchers and scientists across diverse disciplines and industrial sectors in which biofuel technologies and related research and experimentation are pursued.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Bioenergy Production by : Lijun Wang
Download or read book Sustainable Bioenergy Production written by Lijun Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-18 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the environmental concerns and declining availability of fossil fuels, as well as the growing population worldwide, it is essential to move toward a sustainable bioenergy-based economy. However, it is also imperative to address sustainability in the bioenergy industry in order to avoid depleting necessary biomass resources. Sustainable Bioenergy Production provides comprehensive knowledge and skills for the analysis and design of sustainable biomass production, bioenergy processing, and biorefinery systems for professionals in the bioenergy field. Focusing on topics vital to the sustainability of the bioenergy industry, this book is divided into four sections: Fundamentals of Engineering Analysis and Design of Bioenergy Production Systems, Sustainable Biomass Production and Supply Logistics, Sustainable Bioenergy Processing, and Sustainable Biorefinery Systems. Section I covers the fundamentals of genetic engineering, novel breeding, and cropping technologies applied in the development of energy crops. It discusses modern computational tools used in the design and analysis of bioenergy production systems and the life-cycle assessment for evaluating the environmental sustainability of biomass production and bioenergy processing technologies. Section II focuses on the technical and economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of various biomass feedstocks and emerging technologies to improve feedstock sustainability. Section III addresses the technical and economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of different bioenergy processing technologies and emerging technologies to improve the sustainability of each bioenergy process. Section IV discusses the design and analysis of biorefineries and different biorefinery systems, including lignocellulosic feedstock, whole-crop, and green biorefinery.
Book Synopsis Bioenergy Research: Commercial Opportunities & Challenges by : Manish Srivastava
Download or read book Bioenergy Research: Commercial Opportunities & Challenges written by Manish Srivastava and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-08-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is third part of the five-part set on bioenergy research. This book provides insights into commercial advantages of commonly running bioenergy options. It explores various opportunities present at technical scale to produce biofuels. Moreover, the additional practical feasibility of the commercialization of existing biofuels including existing challenges and sustainable solutions to overcome from these technical hurdles. This Volume also focuses on the durability and long run sustainability on the new arrival of biofuels options which can be a suitable and easy replacement of currently available biofuels at pilot scale. Other four volumes of this set explore basic concepts, latest progress, bio-waste to energy conversion and integrated solution for bioenergy concerns.
Book Synopsis Aqueous Pretreatment of Plant Biomass for Biological and Chemical Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals by : Charles E. Wyman
Download or read book Aqueous Pretreatment of Plant Biomass for Biological and Chemical Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals written by Charles E. Wyman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-27 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant biomass is attracting increasing attention as a sustainable resource for large-scale production of renewable fuels and chemicals. However, in order to successfully compete with petroleum, it is vital that biomass conversion processes are designed to minimize costs and maximize yields. Advances in pretreatment technology are critical in order to develop high-yielding, cost-competitive routes to renewable fuels and chemicals. Aqueous Pretreatment of Plant Biomass for Biological and Chemical Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals presents a comprehensive overview of the currently available aqueous pretreatment technologies for cellulosic biomass, highlighting the fundamental chemistry and biology of each method, key attributes and limitations, and opportunities for future advances. Topics covered include: • The importance of biomass conversion to fuels • The role of pretreatment in biological and chemical conversion of biomass • Composition and structure of biomass, and recalcitrance to conversion • Fundamentals of biomass pretreatment at low, neutral and high pH • Ionic liquid and organosolv pretreatments to fractionate biomass • Comparative data for application of leading pretreatments and effect of enzyme formulations • Physical and chemical features of pretreated biomass • Economics of pretreatment for biological processing • Methods of analysis and enzymatic conversion of biomass streams • Experimental pretreatment systems from multiwell plates to pilot plant operations This comprehensive reference book provides an authoritative source of information on the pretreatment of cellulosic biomass to aid those experienced in the field to access the most current information on the topic. It will also be invaluable to those entering the growing field of biomass conversion.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Coffee Processing By-Products by : Charis M. Galanakis
Download or read book Handbook of Coffee Processing By-Products written by Charis M. Galanakis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-05-05 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Coffee Processing By-Products: Sustainable Applications presents alternative and sustainable solutions for coffee processing by-products and specifies their industrial potential, both as a source for the recovery of bioactive compounds and their reutilization in the pharmaceutical, biotechnological, food, biotechnology, and cosmetic industries, also covering environmental and agronomic applications. This book addresses key topics specific to sustainable management in the coffee industry, placing an emphasis on integrated solutions for the valorization and upgrade of coffee processing by-products, biorefinery, and different techniques for the separation, extraction, recovery and formulation of polyphenols. - Specifies potential for the use of by-products as a source for the recovery of bioactive compounds and their reutilization in the pharmaceutical, biotechnological, food, biotechnology and cosmetic industries - Places emphasis on integrated solutions for the valorization and upgrade of coffee processing by-products, biorefinery, and different techniques for the separation, extraction, recovery and formulation of polyphenols
Book Synopsis Date Palm Fiber Composites by : Mohamad Midani
Download or read book Date Palm Fiber Composites written by Mohamad Midani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-11 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the recent research advances on the utilization of date palm fibers as a new source of cellulosic fibers that can be used in the reinforcement of polymer composites. It discusses the competitive mechanical, physical, and chemical properties which make date palm fibers stand out as an alternative to other fibers currently used in the natural fiber composites market. This volume will be useful to researchers working on natural fiber composites and fiber reinforced composites looking to develop green, biodegradable and sustainable components for application in automotive, marine, aerospace, construction, wind energy and consumer goods sectors.
Book Synopsis Biomass and Bioenergy by : Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Download or read book Biomass and Bioenergy written by Khalid Rehman Hakeem and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass obtained from agricultural residues or forest can be used to produce different materials and bioenergy required in a modern society. As compared to other resources available, biomass is one of the most common and widespread resources in the world. Thus, biomass has the potential to provide a renewable energy source, both locally and across large areas of the world. It is estimated that the total investment in the biomass sector between 2008 and 2021 will reach the large sum of $104 billion. Presently bioenergy is the most important renewable energy option and will remain so the near and medium-term future. Previously several countries try to explore the utilization of biomass in bioenergy and composite sector. Biomass has the potential to become the world’s largest and most sustainable energy source and will be very much in demand. Bioenergy is based on resources that can be utilized on a sustainable basis all around the world and can thus serve as an effective option for the provision of energy services. In addition, the benefits accrued go beyond energy provision, creating unique opportunities for regional development. The present book will provide an up-to-date account of non-wood, forest residues, agricultural biomass (natural fibers), and energy crops together with processing, properties and its applications to ensure biomass utilization and reuse. All aspects of biomass and bioenergy and their properties and applications will be critically re-examined. The book consists of three sections, presenting Non wood and forest products from forestry, arboriculture activities or from wood processing, agricultural biomass (natural fibers) from agricultural harvesting or processing and finally energy crops: high yield crops and grasses grown especially for energy production.
Book Synopsis Bioplastics and Biocomposites by : David Grewell
Download or read book Bioplastics and Biocomposites written by David Grewell and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2023-11-13 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We rely upon plastics for a great many functions in everyday life, from the cases of consumer electronics to disposable cutlery, plastics are versatile and convenient. However, with the supply of fossil fuels from which fossil-based plastics are derived becoming smaller and more expensive the need for alternatives is becoming increasingly apparent. Policy makers, environmentalists and consumers are increasing pressure on plastics manufacturers to look for greener alternatives to fossil-based plastics. Bioplastics are materials that are derived wholly or partially from biomass feedstocks, making them renewable, whilst maintaining the desirable properties of fossil-based plastics. Many, although not all, bioplastics are also more readily degradable than conventional plastics, a property increasingly desired by consumers. A variety of different bioplastics have already been developed and the field continues to grow. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse subjects relating to bioplastics, including materials science, manufacture and processing and social and environmental impacts. It provides a valuable introduction both for those studying plastics at a graduate level and those starting to work in the field.
