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Structural Design Of The Diii D Radiative Divertor
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Book Synopsis Structural Design of the DIII-D Radiative Divertor by :
Download or read book Structural Design of the DIII-D Radiative Divertor written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The divertor of the DIII-D tokamak is being modified to operate as a slot type, dissipative divertor. This modification, called the Radiative Divertor Program (RDP) is being carried out in two phases. The design and analysis is complete and hardware is being fabricated for the first phase. This first phase consists of an upper divertor baffle and cryopump to provide some density control for high triangularity, single or double null discharges. Installation of the first phase is scheduled to start in October, 1996. The second phase provides pumping at all four divertor strike points of double null high triangularity discharges and baffling of the neutral particles from transport back to the core plasma. Studies of the effects of varying the slot length and width of the divertor can be easily accomplished with the design of RDP hardware. Static and dynamic analyses of the baffle structures, new cryopumps, and feedlines were performed during the preliminary and final design phases. Disruption loads and differential thermal displacements must be accommodated in the design of these components. With the full RDP hardware installed, the plasma current in DIII-D will be a maximum of 3.0 MA. Plasma disruptions induce toroidal currents in the cryopump, producing complex dynamic loads. Simultaneously, the vacuum vessel vibrations impose a sinusoidal base excitation to the supports for the cryopump. Static and dynamic analyses of the cryopump demonstrate that the stresses due to disruption and thermal loadings satisfy the stress and deflection criteria.
Book Synopsis Engineering Design of a Radiative Divertor for DIII-D. by :
Download or read book Engineering Design of a Radiative Divertor for DIII-D. written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new divertor configuration is being developed for the DIII-D tokamak. This divertor will operate in the radiative mode. Experiments and modeling form the basis for the new design. The Radiative Divertor reduces the heat flux on the divertor plates by dispersing the power with radiation in the divertor region. In addition, the Radiative Divertor structure will allow density control in plasma shapes required for advanced tokamak operation. The divertor structure allows for operation in either double-null or single-null plasma configurations. Four independently controlled divertor cryopumps will enable pumping at either the inboard (upper and lower) or the outboard (upper and lower) divertor plates. An upgrade to the DIII-D cryogenic system is part of this project. The increased capabilities of the cryogenic system will allow delivery of liquid helium and nitrogen to the three new cryopumps. The Radiative Divertor design is very flexible, and will allow physics studies of the effects of slot width and length. Radiative Divertor diagnostics are being designed in parallel to provide comprehensive measurements for diagnosing the divertor. The Radiative divertor installation is scheduled for late 1996. Engineering experience gained in the DIII-D Advanced Divertor program form a foundation for the design work on the Radiative Divertor.
Book Synopsis Fabrication and Installation of the DIII-D Radiative Divertor Structures by :
Download or read book Fabrication and Installation of the DIII-D Radiative Divertor Structures written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase 1A of the Radiative Divertor Program (RDP) is now installed in the DIII-D tokamak located at General Atomics. This hardware was added to enhance both the Divertor and Advanced Tokamak research elements of the DIII-D program. This installation consists of a divertor baffle enveloping a cryocondensation pump at the upper outer divertor target of DIII-D. The divertor baffle consists of two toroidally continuous Inconel 625 water-cooled rings and a toroidal array of discontinuous radiatively-cooled plates. The water-cooled rings are each comprised of four quadrants, mechanically formed, chem.-milled, and resistance and TIG welded Inconel 625 panels. The supports attaching the panels to the vessel wall are designed to accommodate the differential thermal expansion between the rings and vessel during bake and to react the electromagnetic loads induced during disruptions. They are made from either Inconel 625 or Inconel 718 depending on the stress levels predicted in Finite Element Analysis. Gas seals are designed to limit the leakage from the baffle chamber back to the core plasma to 2,500 l/s and incorporate plasma sprayed alumina to minimize currents flowing through them. The bulk of the water-cooled ring fabrication was performed by a vendor, however, the final machining of penetrations in the conical ring for diagnostic access was performed in-house using a unique machining configuration. This configuration, and the machining of the diagnostic cutouts is described. Graphite tiles were machined from ATJ graphite to form a smooth plasma-facing surface. The installation of all divertor components required only four weeks.
Book Synopsis Design and Analysis of the DII-D Radiative Divertor Water-cooled Structures by :
Download or read book Design and Analysis of the DII-D Radiative Divertor Water-cooled Structures written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Radiative Divertor is a major modification to the divertor of DIII-D and is being designed and fabricated for installation in late 1996. The Radiative Divertor Program (RDP) will enhance the dissipative processes in the edge and divertor plasmas to reduce the heat flux and plasma erosion at the divertor target. This approach will have major implications for the heat removal methods used in future devices. The divertor is of slot-type configuration designed to minimize the flow of sputtered and injected impurities back to the core plasma. The new divertor will be composed of toroidally continuous, Inconel 625 water-cooled rings of sandwich construction with an internal water channel, incorporating seam welding to provide the water-to-vacuum seal as well as structural integrity. The divertor structure is designed to withstand electromagnetic loads as a result of halo currents and induced toroidal currents. It also accommodates the thermal differences experienced during the 400 °C bake used on DIII-D.A low Z plasma-facing surface is provided by mechanically attached graphite tiles. Water flow through the rings will inertially cool these tiles which will be subjected to 38 MW, 10 second pulses. Current schedules call for detailed design in 1996 with installation completed in March 1997. A full size prototype, one-quarter of one ring, is being built to validate manufacturing techniques, machining, roll-forming, and seam welding. The experience and knowledge gained through the fabrication of the prototype is discussed. The design of the electrically isolated (5 kV) vacuum-to-air water feedthroughs supplying the water-cooled rings is also discussed.
Book Synopsis Fusion Technology 1996 by : C. Varandas
Download or read book Fusion Technology 1996 written by C. Varandas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 1057 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of these proceedings was to provide a platform for the exchange of information on the design, construction and operation of fusion experiments. The technology which is being developed for the next step devices and fusion reactors was also covered.
Download or read book Frances Wildt written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Features and Initial Results of the DIII-D Advanced Tokamak Radiative Divertor by :
Download or read book Features and Initial Results of the DIII-D Advanced Tokamak Radiative Divertor written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Radiative Divertor Program of DIII-D is in its final phase with the installation of the cryopump and baffle structure (Phase 1B Divertor) in the upper inner radius of the DIII-D vacuum vessel at the end of this calendar year. This divertor, in conjunction with the Advanced Divertor and the Phase 1A Divertor, located in the lower and upper outer radius of the DIII-D vacuum vessel respectively, provides pumping for density control of the plasma while minimizing the effects on the core confinement. Each divertor consists of a cryobelium cooling ring and a shielded protective structure. The cryo/helium-cooled pumps of all three diverters exhaust helium from the plasma. The protective shielded structure or baffle structure, in the case of the diverters located at the top of the vacuum vessel, provides baffling of neutral charged particles and minimize the flow of impurities back into the core of the plasma. The baffles, which consist of water-cooled panels that allow for the attachment of tiles of various sizes and shapes, house gas puff systems. The intent of the puffing systems is to inject gas in and around the divertor to minimize the heat flux on specific areas on the divertor and its components. The reduction of the heat flux on the divertor minimizes the impurities that are generated from excess heat on divertor components, specifically tiles. Experiments involving the gas puff systems and the divertor structures have shown the heat flux can be spread over a large area of the divertor, reducing the peak heat flux in specific areas. The three diverters also incorporate a variety of diagnostic tools such as halo current monitors, magnetic probes and thermocouples to monitor certain plasma characteristics as well as determine the effectiveness of the cryopumps and baffle configurations. The diverters were designed to optimize pumping performance and to withstand the electromagnetic loads from both halo currents and toroidal induced currents. Incorporated also into the designs of the structures is the capability to withstand the thermal gradient across the structures and the DIII-D vacuum vessel during operations and bakeout in which temperatures reach as high as 350 C. The performance of the diagnostics and divertor systems with experimental results of the two existing systems are reported in this paper along with the baseline of the designs of the three divertor systems.
Book Synopsis Diagnostics for the DIII-D Radiative Divertor by :
Download or read book Diagnostics for the DIII-D Radiative Divertor written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the design of new diagnostics and the modifications to existing diagnostics needed to carry out radiative divertor experiments in DIII-D following installation in late 1996 of a set of baffle structures that will restrict the backflow to the core plasma of neutral deuterium atoms and impurity gases. The divertor slots formed by the new baffle structures will inhibit the easy view of the divertor legs and target plates that the open divertor geometry in DIII-D currently affords. We review a basic set of diagnostics that are needed to demonstrate the reduction of divertor heat loading and radiative dissipation of energy within the divertor. This will include IR cameras, bolometry, foil bolometers, and Langmuir probes. Within the limits of available funding, we will implement a supplemental set of instruments which provide a more detailed understanding of the underlying physical processes. Many existing diagnostics require only re-aiming to provide proper coverage of the initial 23 cm long divertor plasma configuration (X- point to floor distance). Other diagnostics need extensive reconfiguration using in-vessel fiber-optic bundles or high power laser mirrors. The new divertor baffle panels provide a protective shelf for diagnostic hardware mounted underneath them, but the water cooling channels in the panels limit the permissible size of through holes and, thereby, restrict the available views of under-the- baffle diagnostics. The successful resolution of the design and implementation of these diagnostic modifications is dependent on a strong coordination between GA and its many diagnostic collaborators.
Book Synopsis Fusion Technology 1994 by : K. Herschbach
Download or read book Fusion Technology 1994 written by K. Herschbach and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the Symposium on Fusion Technology (SOFT) conference is to set the stage for the exchange of information on the design, construction, and operation of fusion experiments and the technology which is being developed for the next-step devices and for fusion reactors. These proceedings therefore present an up-to-date and throrough review of the state-of-the art in this dynamic field.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kineski horoskop written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comprehensive 2-D Divertor Data Set from DIII-D for Edge Theory Validation by :
Download or read book A Comprehensive 2-D Divertor Data Set from DIII-D for Edge Theory Validation written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive set of experiments has been carried out on the DIII-D tokamak to measure the 2-D (R, Z) structure of the divertor plasma in a systematic way using new diagnostics. Measurements cover the divertor radially from inside the X-point to the outer target plate and vertically from the target plate to above the X-point. Identical, repeatable shots were made, each having radial sweeps of the X-point and divertor strike points, to allow complete plasma and radiation profile measurements. Data have been obtained in ohmic, L-mode, ELMing H-mode, and reversed B{sub T} operation ((nabla)B drift away from the X-point). In addition, complete measurements were made of radiative divertor plasmas with a Partially Detached Divertor (PDD) induced by D2 injection and with a Radiating Mantle induced by Impurity injection (RMI) using neon and nitrogen. The data set includes first observations of the radial and poloidal profiles of the X-point, inner and outer leg plasmas in PDD and RMI radiative divertor operation. Preliminary data analysis shows that intrinsic impurities play a critical role in determining the SOL and divertor conditions.
Book Synopsis FINAL REPORT FOR THE DIII-D RADIATIVE DIVERTOR PROJECT. by :
Download or read book FINAL REPORT FOR THE DIII-D RADIATIVE DIVERTOR PROJECT. written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OAK A271 FINAL REPORT FOR THE DIII-D RADIATIVE DIVERTOR PROJECT. The Radiative Divertor Project originated in 1993 when the DIII-D Five Year Plan for the period 1994--1998 was prepared. The Project Information Sheet described the objective of the project as ''to demonstrate dispersal of divertor power by a factor of then with sufficient diagnostics and modeling to extend the results to ITER and TPX''. Key divertor components identified were: (1) Carbon-carbon and graphite armor tiles; (2) The divertor structure providing a gas baffle and cooling; and (3) The divertor cryopumps to pump fuel and impurities.
Book Synopsis Laboratory Directed Research and Development by : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Download or read book Laboratory Directed Research and Development written by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Download or read book Energy and Technology Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Compatibility of the Radiating Divertor with High Performance Plasmas in DIII-D. by : S. Allen
Download or read book Compatibility of the Radiating Divertor with High Performance Plasmas in DIII-D. written by S. Allen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excessive thermal power loading on the divertor structures presents a design difficulty for future-generation, high powered tokamaks. This difficulty may be mitigated by ''seeding'' the divertor with impurities which radiate a significant fraction of the power upstream of the divertor targets. For this ''radiating divertor'' concept to be practical, however, the confinement and stability of the plasma cannot be compromised by excessive leakage of the seeded impurities into the core plasma. One proposed way of reducing impurity influx is to enhance the directed scrape-off layer (SOL) flow of deuterium ions toward the divertor [1-5]. We report here on the successful application of the radiating divertor scenario to high performance plasma operation in a DIII-D ''hybrid'' H-mode regime. The ''hybrid'' regime [6,7] has many features in common with conventional ELMing H-mode regimes, such as high confinement, e.g., H{sub ITER89P}> 2, where H{sub ITER89P} is the energy confinement normalized to the 1989 ITER L-mode scaling [8]. The main difference is the absence of sawtooth activity in the hybrid. Argon was selected as the seeded impurity for this experiment because argon radiates effectively at both the divertor and pedestal temperatures found in DIII-D hybrid H-mode operation and has a relatively short ionization mean free path. Carbon is also present as the dominant intrinsic impurity in DIII-D discharges. The geometry of this experiment is shown in Fig. 1. A double-null cross-sectional shape was biased upward (dRsep = +1.0 cm). To increase the deuterium ion flow toward the divertor at the top of the vessel, deuterium gas was introduced near the bottom. Argon was injected directly into the private flux region (PFR) of the upper divertor. In-vessel pumping of deuterium and argon was done by cryopumps located in the two upper divertor plenums, shown in cross-hatching [9]. The upper divertor, which we hereafter will simply refer to as the ''divertor'', is the region lying above the dashed line in Fig. 1, and is relatively ''closed''.
