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Download or read book Strategies for Stratospheric Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Peter Fabian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Strategies for Stratospheric Research written by Peter Fabian and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Peter Fabian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (246 download)
Download or read book Special Issue: Strategies for Stratospheric Research written by Peter Fabian and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309314852
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Climate Intervention written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emissions. Climate geoengineering has often been considered to be a "last-ditch" response to climate change, to be used only if climate change damage should produce extreme hardship. Although the likelihood of eventually needing to resort to these efforts grows with every year of inaction on emissions control, there is a lack of information on these ways of potentially intervening in the climate system. As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses albedo modification - changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation that reaches the surface. This approach would deliberately modify the energy budget of Earth to produce a cooling designed to compensate for some of the effects of warming associated with greenhouse gas increases. The prospect of large-scale albedo modification raises political and governance issues at national and global levels, as well as ethical concerns. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth discusses some of the social, political, and legal issues surrounding these proposed techniques. It is far easier to modify Earth's albedo than to determine whether it should be done or what the consequences might be of such an action. One serious concern is that such an action could be unilaterally undertaken by a small nation or smaller entity for its own benefit without international sanction and regardless of international consequences. Transparency in discussing this subject is critical. In the spirit of that transparency, Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth was based on peer-reviewed literature and the judgments of the authoring committee; no new research was done as part of this study and all data and information used are from entirely open sources. By helping to bring light to this topic area, this book will help leaders to be far more knowledgeable about the consequences of albedo modification approaches before they face a decision whether or not to use them.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309676052
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (76 download)
Download or read book Reflecting Sunlight written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-12-25 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Research Council report Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth (NRC, 2015) reviewed the state of the science and provided high-level findings and recommendations regarding SG methods. This current study was tasked to update the 2015 assessment of the state of understanding and to provide recommendations for how to establish a research program, what to encompass in the research agenda, and what mechanisms to employ for governing this research.
Author : Ziheng Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Assessment of regional disparities in stratospheric aerosol geoengineering strategies written by Ziheng Wang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the slow pace of mitigation, geoengineering, a deliberate modification of the climate system, has been considered a possible supplement to emission reduction. However, most previous research has been focused on a global scale. In this thesis, five existing strategies are investigated. And a comprehensive study of regional inequalities in existing geoengineering strategies is provided through an evaluation of temperature and precipitation changes in 26 Giorgi regions covering the majority of the Earth's continental area. Geoengineering Large Ensemble (GLENS) is found to be the best single strategy with minimum Root-mean-square (RMS) for both temperature and precipitation residual. Moreover, GLENS is almost better than any other combination of strategies under different objectives. This thesis also uses the Pareto criterion and scaling to find the optimal level of geoengineering that can minimize average regional disparities. Results show that regional equity comes at the cost of inefficient global cooling. The level of geoengineering leading to minimum average temperature residual is 95 percent of the amount of geoengineering that would restore global mean temperature to its baseline value. This level shrinks to 70- 80 percent for precipitation metrics. Moreover, for most metrics, a moderate amount of geoengineering can restore almost every region closer to the baseline than no geoengineering scenario (up to 90 percent for temperature target and decreasing with the weight of precipitation).
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309103495
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-07-01 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Science Foundation's Division of Atmospheric Sciences (ATM) supports research to develop new understanding of Earth's atmosphere and how the Sun impacts it. Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences provides guidance to ATM on its strategy for achieving its goals in the atmospheric sciences, including cutting-edge research, education and workforce development, service to society, computational and observational objectives, and data management. The report reviews how the atmospheric sciences have evolved over the past several decades and analyzes the strengths and limitations of the various modes of support employed by ATM. It concludes that ATM is operating in an environment that is ever more cross-disciplinary, interagency, and international, making a more strategic approach necessary to manage activities in a way that actively engages the atmospheric sciences community. At the same time, ATM should preserve opportunities for basic research, especially projects that are high risk, potentially transformative, or unlikely to be supported by other government agencies. Finally, ATM needs to be more proactive in attracting highly talented students to the atmospheric sciences as an investment in the ability to make future breakthroughs.
Author : Air & Waste Management Association. Meeting & Exhibition
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Session 4 written by Air & Waste Management Association. Meeting & Exhibition and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Interagency Task Force on Acid Precipitation
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Operating Research Plan written by United States. Interagency Task Force on Acid Precipitation and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Global Stratospheric Change: Requirements for a Very-High-Altitude Aircraft for Atmospheric Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309055989
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Environmentally Significant Consumption written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-07-09 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been much polemic about affluence, consumption, and the global environment. For some observers, "consumption" is at the root of global environmental threats: wealthy individuals and societies use far too much of the earth's resource base and should scale back their appetites to preserve the environment for future generations and allow a decent life for the rest of the world. Other observers see affluence as the way to escape environmental threats: economic development increases public pressure for environmental protection and makes capital available for environmentally benign technologies. The arguments are fed by conflicting beliefs, values, hopes, and fearsâ€"but surprisingly little scientific analysis. This book demonstrates that the relationship of consumption to the environment needs careful analysis by environmental and social scientists and conveys some of the excitement of treating the issue scientifically. It poses the key empirical questions: Which kinds of consumption are environmentally significant? Which actors are responsible for that consumption? What forces cause or explain environmentally significant consumption? How can it be changed? The book presents studies that open up important issues for empirical study: Are there any signs of saturation in the demand for travel in wealthy countries? What is the relationship between environmental consumption and human well-being? To what extent do people in developing countries emulate American consumption styles? The book also suggests broad strategies that scientists and research sponsors can use to better inform future debates about the environment, development, and consumption.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 942 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book 1979 NASA authorization (program review) written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rolf Müller (physicien.)
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849730024
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)
Download or read book Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change written by Rolf Müller (physicien.) and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, several new concepts have emerged in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion, creating a need for a concise in-depth publication covering the ozone-climate issue. This monograph fills that void in the literature and gives detailed treatment of recent advances in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion. It puts particular emphasis on the coupling between changes in the ozone layer and atmospheric change caused by a changing climate. The book, written by leading experts in the field, brings the reader the most recent research in this area and fills the gap between advanced textbooks and assessments.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1308 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)
Download or read book 1979 NASA Authorization written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309064201
Total Pages : 622 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Global Environmental Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-14 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we understand and rise to the environmental challenges of global change? One clear answer is to understand the science of global change, not solely in terms of the processes that control changes in climate and the composition of the atmosphere, but in how ecosystems and human society interact with these changes. In the last two decades of the twentieth century, a number of such research effortsâ€"supported by computer and satellite technologyâ€"have been launched. Yet many opportunities for integration remain unexploited, and many fundamental questions remain about the earth's capacity to support a growing human population. This volume encourages a renewed commitment to understanding global change and sets a direction for research in the decade ahead. Through case studies the book explores what can be learned from the lessons of the past 20 years and what are the outstanding scientific questions. Highlights include: Research imperatives and strategies for investigators in the areas of atmospheric chemistry, climate, ecosystem studies, and human dimensions of global change. The context of climate change, including lessons to be gleaned from paleoclimatology. Human responses toâ€"and forcing ofâ€"projected global change. This book offers a comprehensive overview of global change research to date and provides a framework for answering urgent questions.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309103879
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (38 download)
Download or read book Earth Science and Applications from Space written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-01 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and human-induced changes in Earth's interior, land surface, biosphere, atmosphere, and oceans affect all aspects of life. Understanding these changes requires a range of observations acquired from land-, sea-, air-, and space-based platforms. To assist NASA, NOAA, and USGS in developing these tools, the NRC was asked to carry out a "decadal strategy" survey of Earth science and applications from space that would develop the key scientific questions on which to focus Earth and environmental observations in the period 2005-2015 and beyond, and present a prioritized list of space programs, missions, and supporting activities to address these questions. This report presents a vision for the Earth science program; an analysis of the existing Earth Observing System and recommendations to help restore its capabilities; an assessment of and recommendations for new observations and missions for the next decade; an examination of and recommendations for effective application of those observations; and an analysis of how best to sustain that observation and applications system.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Understanding Climate written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
