Statistics In The Law

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Statistics in the Law

Author : Joseph B. Kadane
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198042213
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics in the Law by : Joseph B. Kadane

Download or read book Statistics in the Law written by Joseph B. Kadane and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-23 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics in the Law is primarily a user's manual or desk reference for the expert witness-lawyer team and, secondarily, a textbook or supplemental textbook for upper level undergraduate statistics students. It starts with two articles by masters of the trade, Paul Meier and Franklin Fisher. It then explains the distinction between the Frye and Daughbert standards for expert testimony, and how these standards play out in court. The bulk of the book addresses individual cases covering a wide variety of questions, including: ·Does electronic draw poker require skill to play? ·Did the New Jersey State Police disproportionately stop black motorists? ·Is a jury a representative cross section of the community? ·Were ballots tampered with in an election? The book concludes with Part 5, a review of English law, that includes a case in which a woman was accused of murdering her infant sons because both died of "cot death" or "sudden death syndrome," (she was convicted, but later exonerated), and an examination of how Bayesian analyses can (or more precisely), cannot be presented in UK courts. In each study, the statistical analysis is shaped to address the relevant legal questions, and draws on whatever methods in statistics might shed light on those questions.

Basic Concepts of Probability and Statistics in the Law

Author : Michael O. Finkelstein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387875018
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (878 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Concepts of Probability and Statistics in the Law by : Michael O. Finkelstein

Download or read book Basic Concepts of Probability and Statistics in the Law written by Michael O. Finkelstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-04 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When as a practicing lawyer I published my ?rst article on statistical evidence in 1966, the editors of the Harvard Law Review told me that a mathematical equa- 1 tion had never before appeared in the review. This hardly seems possible - but if they meant a serious mathematical equation, perhaps they were right. Today all that has changed in legal academia. Whole journals are devoted to scienti?c methods in law or empirical studies of legal institutions. Much of this work involves statistics. Columbia Law School, where I teach, has a professor of law and epidemiology and other law schools have similar “law and” professorships. Many offer courses on statistics (I teach one) or, more broadly, on law and social science. The same is true of practice. Where there are data to parse in a litigation, stat- ticians and other experts using statistical tools now frequently testify. And judges must understand them. In 1993, in its landmark Daubert decision, the Supreme Court commanded federal judges to penetrate scienti?c evidence and ?nd it “re- 2 liable” before allowing it in evidence. It is emblematic of the rise of statistics in the law that the evidence at issue in that much-cited case included a series of epidemiological studies. The Supreme Court’s new requirement made the Federal Judicial Center’s Reference Manual on Scienti?c Evidence, which appeared at about the same time, a best seller. It has several important chapters on statistics.

Statistics for Lawyers

Author : Michael O. Finkelstein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461233283
Total Pages : 631 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics for Lawyers by : Michael O. Finkelstein

Download or read book Statistics for Lawyers written by Michael O. Finkelstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics for Lawyers presents the science of statistics in action at the cutting edge of legal problems. A series of more than 90 case studies, drawn principally from actual litigation, have been selected to illustrate important areas of the law in which statistics has played a role and to demonstrate a variety of statistical tools. Some case studies raise legal issues that are being intensely debated and lie at the edge of the law. Of particular note are problems involving toxic torts, employment discrimination, stock market manipulation, paternity, tax legislation, and drug testing. The case studies are presented in the form of legal/statistical puzzles to challenge the reader and focus discussion on the legal implications of statistical findings. The techniques range from simple averaging for the estimation of thefts from parking meters to complex logistic regression models for the demonstration of discrimination in the death penalty. Excerpts of data allow the reader to compute statistical results and an appendix contains the authors' calculations.

Prove It with Figures

Author : Hans Zeisel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780387948928
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (489 download)

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Book Synopsis Prove It with Figures by : Hans Zeisel

Download or read book Prove It with Figures written by Hans Zeisel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-07-31 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Prove It With Figures" displays some of the tools of the social and statistical sciences that have been applied to the proof of facts in the courtroom and to the study of questions of legal importance. It explains how researchers can extract the most valuable and reliable data that can conveniently be made available, and how these efforts sometimes go awry. In the tradition of Zeisel's "Say It with Figures," a standard in the field of social statistics since 1947, it clarifies, in non-technical language, some of the basic problems common to all efforts to discern cause-and-effect relationships. Designed as a textbook for law students who seek an appreciation of the power and limits of empirical methods, the work also is a useful reference for lawyers, policymakers, and members of the public who would like to improve their critical understanding of the statistics presented to them. The many case histories include analyses of the death penalty, jury selection, employment discrimination, mass torts, and DNA profiling. Hans Zeisel was Professor of Law and Sociology Emeritus at the University of Chicago, where he pioneered the application of social science to the law. Earlier, he had a distinguished career in public opinion and market research. He has written on a wide variety of topics, ranging from research methodology and history to law enforcement, juries, and Sheakespeare. He was elected Fellow of the American Statistical Assoication and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and in 1980 he was inducted into the Market Research Hall of Fame. David Kaye is Regents Professor at the Arizona State University, where he teaches evidence and related topics. An author of several law textbooks and treatises, his work also has appeared in journals of

Legal Evidence and Proof

Author : Henry Prakken
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131710630X
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal Evidence and Proof by : Henry Prakken

Download or read book Legal Evidence and Proof written by Henry Prakken and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-22 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of recent scandals concerning evidence and proof in the administration of criminal justice - ranging from innocent people on death row in the United States to misuse of statistics leading to wrongful convictions in The Netherlands and elsewhere - inquiries into the logic of evidence and proof have taken on a new urgency both in an academic and practical sense. This study presents a broad perspective on logic by focusing on inference not just in isolation but as embedded in contexts of procedure and investigation. With special attention being paid to recent developments in Artificial Intelligence and the Law, specifically related to evidentiary reasoning, this book provides clarification of problems of logic and argumentation in relation to evidence and proof. As the vast majority of legal conflicts relate to contested facts, rather than contested law, this volume concerning facts as prime determinants of legal decisions presents an important contribution to the field for both scholars and practitioners.

Statistics in Criminal Justice

Author : David Weisburd
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461491703
Total Pages : 801 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics in Criminal Justice by : David Weisburd

Download or read book Statistics in Criminal Justice written by David Weisburd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics in Criminal Justice takes an approach that emphasizes the application and interpretation of statistics in research in crime and justice. This text is meant for both students and researchers who want to gain a basic understanding of common statistical methods used in this field. In general, the text relies on a building-block approach, meaning that each chapter helps to prepare the student for the chapters that follow. It also means that the level of sophistication of the text increases as the text progresses. Throughout the text there is an emphasis on comprehension and interpretation, rather than computation. However, as the statistical methods discussed become more complex and demanding to compute, there is increasing use and integration of statistical software. This approach is meant to provide the reader with an accessible, yet sophisticated understanding of statistics that can be used to examine real-life criminal justice problems with popular statistical software programs. The primary goal of the text is to give students and researchers a basic understanding of statistical concepts and methods that will leave them with the confidence and the tools for tackling more complex problems on their own. New to the 4th Edition · New chapter on experimental design and the analysis of experimental data. · New chapter on multi-level models, including growth-curve models. · New computer exercises throughout the text to illustrate the use of both SPSS and Stata. · Revision of exercises at the end of each chapter that places greater emphasis on using statistical software. · Additional resources on the text’s web site for instructors and students, including answers to selected problems, syntax for replicating text examples in SPSS and Stata, and other materials that can be used to supplement the use of the text.

Statistical Reasoning in Law and Public Policy: Statistical concepts and issues of fairness

Author : Joseph L. Gastwirth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Reasoning in Law and Public Policy: Statistical concepts and issues of fairness by : Joseph L. Gastwirth

Download or read book Statistical Reasoning in Law and Public Policy: Statistical concepts and issues of fairness written by Joseph L. Gastwirth and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To reach reasoned decisions involving issues of public policy and law, statistical data and studies often need to be assessed for their accuracy and relevance. This two-volume set presents a unique and comprehensive treatment of statistical methods in legal practice. Designed to serve as a text or reference, the book presents basic concepts of probability and statistical inference applied to actual data arising from court cases concerning discrimination, trademark evidence, environmental and occupational exposure to toxic chemicals, and related health and safety topics. Substantial attention is devoted to assessing the strengths and weaknesses of statistical studies, with examples illustrating why some health studies may not have been properly designed at the outset and how actual decisions might have been reversed had more appropriate analysis of data been available to the court. This book will be of interest to lawyers and other practitioners of the law, as well as to students and researchers in the areas of statistics, statistical economics, political science, and law.

Statistics for Lawyers

Author : Michael O. Finkelstein
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781441959843
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (598 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics for Lawyers by : Michael O. Finkelstein

Download or read book Statistics for Lawyers written by Michael O. Finkelstein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic text, first published in 1990, is designed to introduce law students, law teachers, practitioners, and judges to the basic ideas of mathematical probability and statistics as they have been applied in the law. The third edition includes over twenty new sections, including the addition of timely topics, like New York City police stops, exonerations in death-sentence cases, projecting airline costs, and new material on various statistical techniques such as the randomized response survey technique, rare-events meta-analysis, competing risks, and negative binomial regression. The book consists of sections of exposition followed by real-world cases and case studies in which statistical data have played a role. The reader is asked to apply the theory to the facts, to calculate results (a hand calculator is sufficient), and to explore legal issues raised by quantitative findings. The authors' calculations and comments are given in the back of the book. As with previous editions, the cases and case studies reflect a broad variety of legal subjects, including antidiscrimination, mass torts, taxation, school finance, identification evidence, preventive detention, handwriting disputes, voting, environmental protection, antitrust, sampling for insurance audits, and the death penalty. A chapter on epidemiology was added in the second edition. In 1991, the first edition was selected by the University of Michigan Law Review as one of the important law books of the year.

Human Rights and Statistics

Author : Thomas B. Jabine
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 1512802867
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights and Statistics by : Thomas B. Jabine

Download or read book Human Rights and Statistics written by Thomas B. Jabine and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective human rights advocacy and research require the use of statistics, carefully collected and objectively analyzed and presented, using the best techniques available. Statistics that lack credibility are of little value. Those that can be defended against critics can be effective in throwing the light on violations and promoting the observance of human rights for all. The contributors to this book, including experts in political science, public health, law, forensic pathology, and statistics, illustrate good statistical practice in the field of human rights and show the importance of collaboration between statisticians and other professionals. The treatment is largely nonmathematical, and the examples provide broad coverage of all features of the collection and use of statistical data on human rights violations. For readers who would like to do their own analyses, an extensive guide to human rights data sources is included. This book is the first to describe and summarize important issues associated with the collection and uses of human rights statistics.

Naked Statistics: Stripping the Dread from the Data

Author : Charles Wheelan
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393089827
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Naked Statistics: Stripping the Dread from the Data by : Charles Wheelan

Download or read book Naked Statistics: Stripping the Dread from the Data written by Charles Wheelan and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2013-01-07 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Times bestseller "Brilliant, funny…the best math teacher you never had." —San Francisco Chronicle Once considered tedious, the field of statistics is rapidly evolving into a discipline Hal Varian, chief economist at Google, has actually called "sexy." From batting averages and political polls to game shows and medical research, the real-world application of statistics continues to grow by leaps and bounds. How can we catch schools that cheat on standardized tests? How does Netflix know which movies you’ll like? What is causing the rising incidence of autism? As best-selling author Charles Wheelan shows us in Naked Statistics, the right data and a few well-chosen statistical tools can help us answer these questions and more. For those who slept through Stats 101, this book is a lifesaver. Wheelan strips away the arcane and technical details and focuses on the underlying intuition that drives statistical analysis. He clarifies key concepts such as inference, correlation, and regression analysis, reveals how biased or careless parties can manipulate or misrepresent data, and shows us how brilliant and creative researchers are exploiting the valuable data from natural experiments to tackle thorny questions. And in Wheelan’s trademark style, there’s not a dull page in sight. You’ll encounter clever Schlitz Beer marketers leveraging basic probability, an International Sausage Festival illuminating the tenets of the central limit theorem, and a head-scratching choice from the famous game show Let’s Make a Deal—and you’ll come away with insights each time. With the wit, accessibility, and sheer fun that turned Naked Economics into a bestseller, Wheelan defies the odds yet again by bringing another essential, formerly unglamorous discipline to life.

An Introduction to Empirical Legal Research

Author : Lee Epstein
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199669058
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Empirical Legal Research by : Lee Epstein

Download or read book An Introduction to Empirical Legal Research written by Lee Epstein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Empirical Legal Research introduces empirical methodology in a legal context, explaining how empirical analysis can inform legal arguments; how lawyers can set about framing empirical questions, conducting empirical research, analysing data, and presenting or evaluating the results.

Statistics As Principled Argument

Author : Robert P. Abelson
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135694419
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics As Principled Argument by : Robert P. Abelson

Download or read book Statistics As Principled Argument written by Robert P. Abelson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this illuminating volume, Robert P. Abelson delves into the too-often dismissed problems of interpreting quantitative data and then presenting them in the context of a coherent story about one's research. Unlike too many books on statistics, this is a remarkably engaging read, filled with fascinating real-life (and real-research) examples rather than with recipes for analysis. It will be of true interest and lasting value to beginning graduate students and seasoned researchers alike. The focus of the book is that the purpose of statistics is to organize a useful argument from quantitative evidence, using a form of principled rhetoric. Five criteria, described by the acronym MAGIC (magnitude, articulation, generality, interestingness, and credibility) are proposed as crucial features of a persuasive, principled argument. Particular statistical methods are discussed, with minimum use of formulas and heavy data sets. The ideas throughout the book revolve around elementary probability theory, t tests, and simple issues of research design. It is therefore assumed that the reader has already had some access to elementary statistics. Many examples are included to explain the connection of statistics to substantive claims about real phenomena.

Statistics in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Analysis and Interpretation

Author : Jeffery T. Walker
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1449661165
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (496 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Analysis and Interpretation by : Jeffery T. Walker

Download or read book Statistics in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Analysis and Interpretation written by Jeffery T. Walker and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2008-08-15 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly updated and revised, the Third Edition of Statistics in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Analysis and Interpretation provides criminal justice students with a firm knowledge base in the theory and application of statistical analyses. Students will be introduced to methods of identifying and classifying data, followed by explanations and demonstrations of statistical procedures. They will learn what statistical techniques are appropriate for particular data, why procedures give the results they do, and how to interpret the output of statistical analyses.

Innovations in Federal Statistics

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030945428X
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovations in Federal Statistics by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Innovations in Federal Statistics written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federal government statistics provide critical information to the country and serve a key role in a democracy. For decades, sample surveys with instruments carefully designed for particular data needs have been one of the primary methods for collecting data for federal statistics. However, the costs of conducting such surveys have been increasing while response rates have been declining, and many surveys are not able to fulfill growing demands for more timely information and for more detailed information at state and local levels. Innovations in Federal Statistics examines the opportunities and risks of using government administrative and private sector data sources to foster a paradigm shift in federal statistical programs that would combine diverse data sources in a secure manner to enhance federal statistics. This first publication of a two-part series discusses the challenges faced by the federal statistical system and the foundational elements needed for a new paradigm.

Applying Statistics in the Courtroom

Author : Philip Good
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420035401
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Applying Statistics in the Courtroom by : Philip Good

Download or read book Applying Statistics in the Courtroom written by Philip Good and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-07-11 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is directed at both attorneys and statisticians to ensure they will work together successfully on the application of statistics in the law. Attorneys will learn how best to utilize the statistician's talents, while gaining an enriched understanding of the law relevant to audits, jury selection, discrimination, environmental hazards, evidence, and torts as it relates to statistical issues. Statisticians will learn that the law is what judges say it is and to frame their arguments accordingly. This book will increase the effectiveness of both parties in presenting and attacking statistical arguments in the courtroom. Topics covered include sample and survey methods, probability, testing hypotheses, and multiple regression.

Using Statistics in Criminal Justice

Author : Rebecca K. Murray
Publisher : Aspen Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1454861479
Total Pages : 511 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (548 download)

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Book Synopsis Using Statistics in Criminal Justice by : Rebecca K. Murray

Download or read book Using Statistics in Criminal Justice written by Rebecca K. Murray and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-29 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using Statistics in Criminal Justice is designed to be an accessible, readable introduction to statistics, written with the criminal justice student in mind. The text teaches students not only how to engage in basic statistical analysis, but, more importantly, how they might use statistics in real and helpful ways. The book is designed for students to understand that statistics is a mechanism by which we take a picture of the world around us. Murray starts by taking students through the steps of creating a rough outline with basic descriptive statistics, then moves to providing more detail and clarity with sampling and inferential statistics. Finally, the author explains using multivariate techniques to fill in the details of the picture, making it more and more indicative of reality. Features: Carefully structured text provides an overview of concepts for each chapter, and explains how concepts in the book interrelate. Multiple examples for each analysis Practice questions at the end of each chapter Clearly ties in theory, methods and statistics , linking concepts from other courses Gives numerous step-by-step examples of analyses Information on how to use in a variety of software: STATA, SPSS and Excel to better accommodate various approaches Conversational tone with real world examples Application to professionals in criminal justice, not just undergraduate students Chapter on Evaluation Research gives students more marketable skills Workbook will be available on line with additional practice problems to use with statistical software

Math on Trial

Author : Leila Schneps
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465037941
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis Math on Trial by : Leila Schneps

Download or read book Math on Trial written by Leila Schneps and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wrong hands, math can be deadly. Even the simplest numbers can become powerful forces when manipulated by politicians or the media, but in the case of the law, your liberty -- and your life -- can depend on the right calculation. In Math on Trial, mathematicians Leila Schneps and Coralie Colmez describe ten trials spanning from the nineteenth century to today, in which mathematical arguments were used -- and disastrously misused -- as evidence. They tell the stories of Sally Clark, who was accused of murdering her children by a doctor with a faulty sense of calculation; of nineteenth-century tycoon Hetty Green, whose dispute over her aunt's will became a signal case in the forensic use of mathematics; and of the case of Amanda Knox, in which a judge's misunderstanding of probability led him to discount critical evidence -- which might have kept her in jail. Offering a fresh angle on cases from the nineteenth-century Dreyfus affair to the murder trial of Dutch nurse Lucia de Berk, Schneps and Colmez show how the improper application of mathematical concepts can mean the difference between walking free and life in prison. A colorful narrative of mathematical abuse, Math on Trial blends courtroom drama, history, and math to show that legal expertise isn't't always enough to prove a person innocent.