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State Market And Democracy In Chile
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Book Synopsis Authoritarianism and the Elite Origins of Democracy by : Michael Albertus
Download or read book Authoritarianism and the Elite Origins of Democracy written by Michael Albertus and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that - in terms of institutional design, the allocation of power and privilege, and the lived experiences of citizens - democracy often does not restart the political game after displacing authoritarianism. Democratic institutions are frequently designed by the outgoing authoritarian regime to shield incumbent elites from the rule of law and give them an unfair advantage over politics and the economy after democratization. Authoritarianism and the Elite Origins of Democracy systematically documents and analyzes the constitutional tools that outgoing authoritarian elites use to accomplish these ends, such as electoral system design, legislative appointments, federalism, legal immunities, constitutional tribunal design, and supermajority thresholds for change. The study provides wide-ranging evidence for these claims using data that spans the globe and dates from 1800 to the present. Albertus and Menaldo also conduct detailed case studies of Chile and Sweden. In doing so, they explain why some democracies successfully overhaul their elite-biased constitutions for more egalitarian social contracts.
Book Synopsis Economic Reforms in Chile by : R. Ffrench-Davis
Download or read book Economic Reforms in Chile written by R. Ffrench-Davis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-04 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth analysis of neo-liberal and progressive economic reforms and policies implemented in Chile since the Pinochet dictatorship. The core thesis of the book is that there is not just 'one Chilean economic model', but that several have been in force since the coup of 1973.
Book Synopsis Organizing Civil Society by : Philip D. Oxhorn
Download or read book Organizing Civil Society written by Philip D. Oxhorn and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis State, Market, and Democracy in Chile by : P. Posner
Download or read book State, Market, and Democracy in Chile written by P. Posner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-05-12 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through an in-depth analysis of the Chilean labour market, social welfare, and state reforms, this book reveals the manner in which neoliberal reform in Chile has undermined the urban poor's incentives and ability to hold public officials accountable, negatively affecting the quality of Chilean democracy.
Book Synopsis The State and Capital in Chile by : Eduardo Bonilla Silva
Download or read book The State and Capital in Chile written by Eduardo Bonilla Silva and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-02 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chile emerged from military rule in the 1990s as a leader of free market economic reform and democratic stability, and other countries now look to it for lessons in policy design, sequencing, and timing. Explanations for economic change in Chile generally focus on strong authoritarianism under General Augusto Pinochet and the insulation of policymakers from the influence of social groups, especially business and landowners. In this book Eduardo Silva argues that such a view underplays the role of entrepreneurs and landowners in Chile's neoliberal transformation and, hence, their potential effect on economic reform elsewhere. He shows how shifting coalitions of businesspeople and landowners with varying power resources influenced policy formulation and affected policy outcomes. He then examines the consequences of coalitional shifts for Chile's transition to democracy, arguing that the absence of a multiclass opposition that included captialists facilitated a political transition based on the authoritarian constitution of 1980 and inhibited its alternative. This situation helped to define the current style of consensual politics that, with respect to the question of social equity, has deepened a neoliberal model of welfare statism, rather than advanced a social democratic one.
Book Synopsis Free Market Democracy and the Chilean and Mexican Countryside by : Marcus J. Kurtz
Download or read book Free Market Democracy and the Chilean and Mexican Countryside written by Marcus J. Kurtz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-05 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the relationship between free markets and democracy. It demonstrates how the implementation of even very painful free-market economic reforms in Chile and Mexico have helped to consolidate democratic politics without engendering a backlash against either reform or democratization. This national-level compatibility between free markets and democracy, however, is founded on their rural incompatibility. In the countryside, free-market reforms socially isolate peasants to such a degree that they become unable to organize independently, and are vulnerable to the pressures of local economic elites. This helps to create an electoral coalition behind free-market reforms that is critically based in some of the market's biggest victims: the peasantry. The book concludes that the comparatively stable free-market democracy in Latin America hinges critically on its defects in the countryside; conservative, free-market elites may consent to open politics only if they have a rural electoral redoubt.
Download or read book Chile written by D. E. Hojman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many former members of the democratic opposition to the Augusto Pinochet regime (1973-1990) now find it difficult to separate its largely successful free-market economic model from the repressive political climate under which the model was implemented. Can the economic successes of the free-market model - based on policies recommended and implemented by the so-called Chicago boys for the former military government - survive after the restoration of civil, political and human rights in full? David E. Hojman addresses this key question and assesses the changes of economic - and political - success for the current administration of Patricio Aylwin and for future democratic governments.
Book Synopsis The Politics of Freeing Markets in Latin America by : Judith A. Teichman
Download or read book The Politics of Freeing Markets in Latin America written by Judith A. Teichman and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Politics of Freeing Markets in Latin America: Chile, Argentina, and Mexico
Book Synopsis Sustaining Civil Society by : Philip Oxhorn
Download or read book Sustaining Civil Society written by Philip Oxhorn and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Devoting particular emphasis to Bolivia, Chile, and Mexico, proposes a theory of civil society to explain the economic and political challenges for continuing democratization in Latin America"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Science and Environment in Chile by : Javiera Barandiaran
Download or read book Science and Environment in Chile written by Javiera Barandiaran and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-07-31 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The politics of scientific advice across four environmental conflicts in Chile, when the state acted as a “neutral broker” rather than protecting the common good. In Science and Environment in Chile, Javiera Barandiarán examines the consequences for environmental governance when the state lacks the capacity to produce an authoritative body of knowledge. Focusing on the experience of Chile after it transitioned from dictatorship to democracy, she examines a series of environmental conflicts in which the state tried to act as a “neutral broker” rather than the protector of the common good. She argues that this shift in the role of the state—occurring in other countries as well—is driven in part by the political ideology of neoliberalism, which favors market mechanisms and private initiatives over the actions of state agencies. Chile has not invested in environmental science labs, state agencies with in-house capacities, or an ancillary network of trusted scientific advisers—despite the growing complexity of environmental problems and increasing popular demand for more active environmental stewardship. Unlike a high modernist “empire” state with the scientific and technical capacity to undertake large-scale projects, Chile's model has been that of an “umpire” state that purchases scientific advice from markets. After describing the evolution of Chilean regulatory and scientific institutions during the transition, Barandiarán describes four environmental crises that shook citizens' trust in government: the near-collapse of the farmed salmon industry when an epidemic killed millions of fish; pollution from a paper and pulp mill that killed off or forced out thousands of black-neck swans; a gold mine that threatened three glaciers; and five controversial mega-dams in Patagonia.
Book Synopsis Marketing Democracy by : Julia Paley
Download or read book Marketing Democracy written by Julia Paley and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2001-04-02 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This will be an important book, and a powerful exemplar for the growing numbers of anthropologists who seek to place such things as democracy, citizenship, and neoliberalism under an ethnographic lens."—James Ferguson, author of Expectations of Modernity: Myths and Meanings of Urban Life on the Zambin Copperbelt "In joining activism and fine ethnography, Paley enables us to appreciate the profound complexity of the links between civil society and public institutions. Chakrabarty's assessment of "the undemocratic foundations of 'democracy'" becomes a fine analytic tool as it is refracted in the words of the women of Población La Bandera."—Charles Briggs, author of Learning How to Ask "Paley has produced an insightful and fascinating exploration of the shifting meanings of democracy for the Chilean state and for shantytown activists across the Pinochet dictatorship and through the contradictory democratic politics of the 1990s. The marketing of democracy is a highly relevant issue for societies and states throughout the world."—Kay Warren, author of Indigenous Movements and Their Critics: Pan-Maya Activism in Guatemala "An important challenge to Polyanna conventional wisdoms about democratic transitions and neo-liberal miracles in Chile and its neighbors."—Peter Winn, author of Weavers of Revolution "This is anthropology as the observation of and involvement in, the new, participatory politics of the previously excluded."—Sally Falk Moore, author of Law as Process
Book Synopsis Chile and the Neoliberal Trap by : Andrés Solimano
Download or read book Chile and the Neoliberal Trap written by Andrés Solimano and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes Chile's political economy and its attempt to build a market society in a highly inegalitarian country.
Book Synopsis After Pinochet by : Silvia Borzutzky
Download or read book After Pinochet written by Silvia Borzutzky and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the accession of Ricardo Lagos to the presidency in 2000, Chile's Concertacion coalition drew together the country's two major historical antagonists, the Socialists and the Christian Democrats. Borzutzky and Oppenheim bring together American and Chilean scholars to provide the first overall assessment of this coalition's history and achievements. With a special emphasis on the Lagos government, the contributors measure the impact of three consecutive administrations on the crucial issues of human rights, civil-military relations, the nature of a political party system, the transformation of church-state relations, foreign and economic policies, social security, and health policies. These are new and important insights into the challenges facing Chile as a model democracy. Among the central questions they ask: How do postauthoritarian administrations deal with the troubling legacy of such regimes? To what extent do unresolved human rights violations and military power constitute an obstacle to democracy? How has the Chilean Catholic Church influenced the evolution of democratic institutions? Scholars of Latin American, political, and economic studies will welcome this comprehensive but concisely written volume. Silvia Borzutzky is director of the political science program at Carnegie Mellon University. Lois Hecht Oppenheim is professor of political science at the University of Judaism in Los Angeles.
Book Synopsis Democratic Chile by : Kirsten Sehnbruch
Download or read book Democratic Chile written by Kirsten Sehnbruch and published by Lynne Rienner Pub. This book was released on 2014 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How was Chile transformed both politically and economically during the two decades of center-left coalition (Concertación) government that followed the country¿s return to democracy in 1990? How did the coalition manage to hold on to power for so long¿but not longer? And were its policies in fact substantially different from those that preceded them? Addressing these questions, the authors of this landmark volume critically assess the successes and failures of Concertación politics and policies in post-Pinochet Chile.
Book Synopsis Neoliberal Resilience by : Aldo Madariaga
Download or read book Neoliberal Resilience written by Aldo Madariaga and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of the factors behind neoliberalism’s resilience in developing economies and what this could mean for democracy’s future Since the 1980s, neoliberalism has withstood repeated economic shocks and financial crises to become the hegemonic economic policy worldwide. Why has neoliberalism remained so resilient? What is the relationship between this resiliency and the backsliding of Western democracy? Can democracy survive an increasingly authoritarian neoliberal capitalism? Neoliberal Resilience answers these questions by bringing the developing world’s recent history to the forefront of our thinking about democratic capitalism’s future. Looking at four decades of change in four countries once considered to be leading examples of effective neoliberal policy in Latin America and Eastern Europe—Argentina, Chile, Estonia, and Poland—Aldo Madariaga examines the domestic actors and institutions responsible for defending neoliberalism. Delving into neoliberalism’s political power, Madariaga demonstrates that it is strongest in countries where traditional democratic principles have been slowly and purposefully weakened. He identifies three mechanisms through which coalitions of political, institutional, and financial forces have propagated neoliberalism’s success: the privatization of state companies to create a supporting business class, the use of political institutions to block the representation of alternatives in congress, and the constitutionalization of key economic policies to shield them from partisan influence. Madariaga reflects on today’s most pressing issues, including the influence of increasing austerity measures and the rise of populism. A comparative exploration of political economics at the peripheries of global capitalism, Neoliberal Resilience investigates the tensions between neoliberalism’s longevity and democracy’s gradual decline.
Book Synopsis Pinochet's Economists by : Juan Gabriel Valdes
Download or read book Pinochet's Economists written by Juan Gabriel Valdes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-08-17 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tells the extraordinary story of the Pinochet regime's economists, known as the "Chicago Boys". It explores the roots of their ideas and their sense of mission, following their training as economists at the Department of Economics at the University of Chicago. After their return to Chile, the "Chicago Boys" took advantage of the opportunity afforded them by the 1973 military coup to launch the first radical free market strategy implemented in a developing country. The ideological strength of their mission and the military authoritarianism of General Pinochet combined to transform an economy that, following the return to democracy, has stabilized and is now seen as a model for Latin America. This book, written by a political scientist, examines the neo-liberal economists and their perspective on the market. It also narrates the history of the transfer of ideas from the industrialized world to a developing country, which will be of particular interest to economists.
Book Synopsis The International Mobility of Talent by : Andrés Solimano
Download or read book The International Mobility of Talent written by Andrés Solimano and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-02-14 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entrepreneurs, technical experts, professionals, international students, writers, and artists are among the most highly mobile people in the global economy today. These talented elite often originate from developing countries and migrate to industrial economies. Many return home with new ideas, experiences, and capital useful for national development, whilst others remain to produce quality goods and services that are useful everywhere in the global economy. The economic potential of globalization is ultimately dependent on the international mobility of highly talented individuals that transfer knowledge, new technologies, ideas, business capacities, and other creative capabilities. Developing countries and advanced economies may both gain from this mobility if it is effectively and smartly managed. This volume, with original contributions from outstanding international experts in the subject, provides a novel analysis of the main determinants and development impact of talent mobility in the global economy.
