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Author : Berard Dennis Day
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Standardization F the High-level, Compileroriented Programming Language Cobol written by Berard Dennis Day and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book COBOL written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wayne Russell
Publisher : Emereo Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781488524998
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (249 download)
Download or read book COBOL 177 Success Secrets - 177 Most Asked Questions on COBOL - What You Need to Know written by Wayne Russell and published by Emereo Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has never been a COBOL Guide like this. It contains 177 answers, much more than you can imagine; comprehensive answers and extensive details and references, with insights that have never before been offered in print. Get the information you need--fast! This all-embracing guide offers a thorough view of key knowledge and detailed insight. This Guide introduces what you want to know about COBOL. A quick look inside of some of the subjects covered: Categorical list of programming languages - Procedural languages, Assembly language Historical perspective, University of Pennsylvania - Research, innovations, and discoveries, COBOL - Data types, COBOL - Hello, OS/360 circa 1972, Database 1980s desktop databases, Eclipse (software), Computer programming History, ICL VME - Application development tools, Binary-coded decimal Packed BCD, Packed decimal - Fixed-point packed decimal, FACT computer language - Ever working?, Database model Network model, Hexadecimal - Using 0-9 and A-F, Jean Sammet - Works, High-level programming language, Binary-coded decimal Signed variations, Object-oriented programming - OOP languages, OpenCOBOL - Documentation, Burroughs large systems, COBOL - Lack of structurability, Grace Hopper - Standards, COBOL - ANS COBOL 1968, Categorical list of programming languages - Imperative languages, CODASYL - History, Bill Gates - Early life, Library (computing) - History, Naming convention (programming) - Multiple-word identifiers, Picture clause - Formatting, Object-oriented programming - History, Copybook (programming), SQL - Standardization, Compiler - History, Software engineering - History, OpenCOBOL - Philosophy, COBOL - History of COBOL standards, NCR Corporation - Post-war, David Taylor Model Basin - Computing, PL/I - Early history, and much more...
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book COBOL-1961 written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark Jones Lorenzo
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781082395949
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (959 download)
Download or read book Abstracting Away the Machine written by Mark Jones Lorenzo and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the dawn of the computer age, an elite development team at IBM built the most influential computer programming language in history: FORTRAN. Abstracting Away the Machine tells the epic story of how they did it--and what happened next. Over the past six decades, programming languages like ALGOL, BASIC, C/C++, COBOL, Java, LISP, LOGO, Pascal, PL/I, Python, Visual Basic, and many others opened up the field of computer science, and of computer programming in general, to the masses. But all of these high-level languages (HLLs)--computer languages that automate, hide, or otherwise abstract away the underlying operations of the machine--owe a huge debt of gratitude to FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation), the first HLL to achieve widespread adoption. Many programming practices that we take for granted now came about as a result of FORTRAN. Created over a three-year period at IBM by a development team led by a brilliant but wayward mathematician named John W. Backus, FORTRAN was implemented initially on the IBM 704 mainframe computer in the mid-1950s, with dialects of the language quickly spreading thereafter to other platforms. FORTRAN's powerful compiler, which translated human-readable code into code a computer could understand, produced incredibly clean and optimized standalone executable programs, all of which could be run independently of the compiler, setting the standard for decades to come--and overcoming the doubts of many skeptics along the way, who thought the FORTRAN project would never succeed. In the 1960s the language was standardized, with machine-dependent commands excised, and many platform-independent implementations followed. With the language now portable, able to run on any computer (at least in theory), FORTRAN, almost by accident, secured a stranglehold in the fields of science and engineering. The language also came to dominate in the supercomputing industry. But FORTRAN, a blue-collar workhorse more concerned with results than with style, was a victim of its own success--the language sowed the seeds of its own demise. New high-level languages sprouted up, stealing the good bits from FORTRAN while simultaneously defining themselves in opposition to it. FORTRAN had become the foil. As these new languages pierced the cutting edge of the programming landscape, they redefined computing paradigms (e.g., with structured programming, object-oriented programming, and the like), and FORTRAN--though eventually (and repeatedly) modernized and formally renamed Fortran--struggled to keep up through multiple standardization efforts, finally ceding significant ground to its successors as it slowly withdrew from the spotlight. To add insult to injury, even John Backus eventually turned against his creation. This is not a book on how to program in FORTRAN, nor is it a technical manual. Rather, the focus in Abstracting Away the Machine, which chronicles the complete history and development of the FORTRAN programming language, is set squarely on telling three interlocking stories: (1) How an elite group of computing trailblazers built FORTRAN, (2) Why the conditions at the time were ripe for them to succeed, and (3) What happened after they did. Tracing the long arc of FORTRAN's development and maturation is integral to understanding not only the history of programming but also the state of computer science today. The birth of FORTRAN planted a seed that led to the full flowering of high-level languages, since FORTRAN overcame initial skepticism by demonstrating to the world that a well-made HLL really could abstract away the machine.
Author : Kathleen Broome Williams
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 1612512658
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Grace Hopper written by Kathleen Broome Williams and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2013-01-15 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Grace Hopper retired as a rear admiral from the U.S. Navy in 1986, she was the first woman restricted line officer to reach flag rank and, at the age of seventy-nine, the oldest serving officer in the Navy. A mathematician by training who became a computer scientist, the eccentric and outspoken Hopper helped propel the Navy into the computer age. She also was a superb publicist for the Navy, appearing frequently on radio and television and quoted regularly in newspapers and magazines. Yet in spite of all the attention she received, until now ""Amazing Grace,"" as she was called, has never been the subject of a full biography. Kathleen Broome Williams looks at Hopper's entire naval career, from the time she joined the WAVES and was sent in 1943 to work on the Mark I computer at Harvard, where she became one of the country's first computer programmers. Thanks to this early Navy introduction to computing, the author explains, Hopper had a distinguished civilian career in commercial computing after the war, gaining fame for her part in the creation of COBOL. The admiral's Navy days were far from over, however, and Williams tells how Hopper--already past retirement age--was recalled to active duty at the Pentagon in 1967 to standardize computer-programming languages for Navy computers. Her temporary appointment lasted for nineteen years while she standardized COBOL for the entire department of defense. Based on extensive interviews with colleagues and family and on archival material never before examined, this biography not only illuminates Hopper's pioneering accomplishments in a field that came to be dominated by men, but provides a fascinating overview of computing from its beginnings in World War II to the late 1980s.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 836 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 1971-06-12 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Patrick M. Hoyt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book The Standardization and Evolution of the COBOL Language written by Patrick M. Hoyt and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Government-wide testing of COBOL compilers is the responsibility of the Federal COBOL Compiler Testing Service, an activity of the Department of the Navy's Automatic Data Processing Equipment Selection Office, Software Development Division. In May 1974, the American National Standards Institute approved ANS Programming Language COBOL, X3.23-1974 as the national standard for the COBOL language. Specifications for this revision were drawn from USA Standard COBOL X3.23-1968 and the CODASYL COBOL Journal of Development, dated 31 December 1971. As a result, the Testing Service is engaged in the development of a COBOL Compiler Validation System for this new Standard, incorporating tests for the revised language into the existing 1968 COBOL Compiler Validation System. The first part of the paper focuses on the rationale behind changes from the '68 to '74 COBOL Standard as well as highlighting the new features in the language. The second part of the paper discusses evolution within the COBOL language itself with respect to the CODASYL COBOL Journal of Development and several other CODASYL language activities. (Author).
Author : Roger Hutty
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1349143278
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (491 download)
Download or read book Mastering COBOL Programming written by Roger Hutty and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 1997-11-11 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Mastering Cobol Programming is a comprehensive guide to good programming practice, program design and code. It contains two new chapters, on Intrinsic Functions and Program Errors, Testing and Debugging. Each chapter has been revised to make full use of the COBOL 85 Standard. The book discusses the different groups of modules that comprise the COBOL language, and each chapter ends with practical exercises. It is suitable for undergraduate and diploma students on commercial computing and business courses, and is a valuable reference for professionals in data processing. It is a complete self-study COBOL text.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book COBOL 61 written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mike Murach
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Standard COBOL written by Mike Murach and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pradeep K. Sinha
Publisher : BPB Publications
ISBN 13 : 9355512546
Total Pages : 1250 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Foundations of Computing written by Pradeep K. Sinha and published by BPB Publications. This book was released on 2022-12-12 with total page 1250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DESCRIPTION If you wish to have a bright future in any profession today, you cannot ignore having sound foundation in Information Technology (IT). Hence, you cannot ignore to have this book because it provides comprehensive coverage of all important topics in IT. Foundations of Computing is designed to introduce through a single book the important concepts of the Foundation Courses in Computer Science (CS), Computer Applications (CA), and Information Technology (IT) programs taught at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Characteristics, Evolution and Classification of computers. ● Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal Number systems, Computer codes and Binary arithmetic. ● Boolean algebra, Logic gates, Flip-Flops, and Design of Combinational and Sequential Circuits. ● Computer architecture, including design of CPU, Memory, Secondary storage, and I/O devices. ● Computer software, how to acquire software, and the commonly used tools and techniques for planning, developing, implementing, and operating software systems. ● Programming languages, Operating systems, Communication technologies, Computer networks, Multimedia computing, and Information security. ● Database and Data Science technologies. ● The Internet, Internet of Things (IoT), E-Governance, Geo- informatics, Medical Informatics, Bioinformatics, and many more. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR ● Students of CS, CA and IT will find the book suitable for use as a textbook or reference book. ● Professionals will find it suitable for use as a reference book for topics in CS, CA and IT. ● Applicants preparing for various entrance tests and competitive examinations will find it suitable for clearing their concepts of CS, CA and IT. ● Anyone else interested in developing a clear understanding of the important concepts of various topics in CS, CA and IT will also find this book useful. TABLE OF CONTENTS Letter to Readers Preface About Lecture Notes Presentation Slides Abbreviations 1. Characteristics, Evolution, And Classification Of Computers 2. Internal Data Representation In Computers 3. Digital Systems Design 4. Computer Architecture 5. Secondary Storage 6. Input-Output Devices 7. Software 8. Planning The Computer Program 9. Programming Languages 10. Operating Systems 11. Database And Data Science 12. Data Communications and Computer Networks 13. The Internet and Internet Of Things 14. Multimedia Computing 15. Information Security 16. Application Domains Glossary Index Know Your Author
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book CODASYL COBOL Journal of Development written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : D.T. Muxworthy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400971451
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Programming for Software Sharing written by D.T. Muxworthy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most computer users are familiar with the problems of sharing software with others, and the transfer of programs from one computing environment to another. Software represents an ever-increasing proportion of the cost of computing and these costs tend to nullify all the economic advantages flowing from the wider availability of cheap hardware. Years ago it was hoped that the widespread use of high-level programming languages would help in alleviating the problems of software production, by increasing productivity and by making it simpler for users with similar problems to be able to use the same programs, possibly on different types of machines. It is a common experience that in practice this simple optimism has proved to be unfounded. It was these considerations which led us in 1979 to organize a two-week course on "Programming for Software Sharing" at the European Community Joint Research Centre, Ispra Establishment (Italy), forming part of the regular series of "Ispra Courses". With prominent invited lecturers, local contributions and through discussion sessions we examined with an audience from many countries the problems involved in the sharing and transfer of software, as well as suggesting ways of overcoming them. In our local environment we are faced daily with three problems both from engagements in software exchange in the scientific-technical field on a Europe-wide or world-wide basis, and from work with programming techniques and contributions to the international standardization process.
Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0471689947
Total Pages : 851 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (716 download)
Download or read book The Internet Encyclopedia, Volume 1 (A - F) written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-11-11 with total page 851 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Internet Encyclopedia in a 3-volume reference work on the internet as a business tool, IT platform, and communications and commerce medium.
Author : Nell B. Dale
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN 13 : 9780763741495
Total Pages : 674 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (414 download)
Download or read book Computer Science Illuminated written by Nell B. Dale and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2007 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text offers students on the dynamic and diverse field of computer science. [In the text, the authors] provide [an] overview of the many aspects of the discipline from a generic view point. Separate program language chapters are available as bundle items for those instructors who would like to explore a particular programming language with their students. The many layers of computing are thoroughly explained beginning with the information layer, working through the hardware, programming, operating systems, application, and communication layers, and ending with a discussion on the limitations of computing. [It is] for introductory computing and computer science courses. [It is also for] computer science majors with a solid foundation for further study, and offers non majors a comprehensive and complete introduction to computing.
Download or read book Computerworld written by and published by . This book was released on 1979-05-14 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 40 years, Computerworld has been the leading source of technology news and information for IT influencers worldwide. Computerworld's award-winning Web site (Computerworld.com), twice-monthly publication, focused conference series and custom research form the hub of the world's largest global IT media network.
