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Stabilization And Carbonization Studies Of Polyacrylonitrile Carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers
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Book Synopsis Stabilization and Carbonization Studies of Polyacrylonitrile /carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers by : Yaodong Liu
Download or read book Stabilization and Carbonization Studies of Polyacrylonitrile /carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers written by Yaodong Liu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon fibers contain more than 90 wt. % carbon. They have low density, high specific strength and modulus, and good temperature and chemical resistance. Therefore, they are important candidate as reinforcement materials. Carbon fiber is made by pyrolysing precursor polymers. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) which has been used as precursor to produce high strength carbon fiber is used as precursor in this study. The theoretical tensile strength of carbon fibers can reach over 100 GPa. Currently, the best commercial carbon fibers reach only 7.5 GPa. To make good quality carbon fiber and to narrow the gap between theoretical values and currently achieved experimental properties, the entire manufacturing process including fiber spinning, stabilization and carbonization, needs to be improved optimized. In this dissertation, the stabilization processes of gel-spun PAN/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite fibers are studied.
Book Synopsis Tensile Testing and Stabilization/carbonization Studies of Polyacrylonitrile/carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers by : Kevin Mark Lyons
Download or read book Tensile Testing and Stabilization/carbonization Studies of Polyacrylonitrile/carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers written by Kevin Mark Lyons and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polyacrylonitrile/carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers by : Han Gi Chae
Download or read book Polyacrylonitrile/carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers written by Han Gi Chae and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stabilization and Carbonization of Gel Spun Polyacrylonitrile/Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers by :
Download or read book Stabilization and Carbonization of Gel Spun Polyacrylonitrile/Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gel spun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and PAN/single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) composite fibers have been stabilized in air and subsequently carbonized in argon at 1100 degrees C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy suggests that the presence of single wall carbon nanotube affects PAN stabilization. Carbonized PAN/SWNT fibers exhibited 10 to 30 nm diameter fibrils embedded in brittle carbon matrix, while the control PAN carbonized under the same conditions exhibited brittle fracture with no fibrils. High resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy suggests the existence of well-developed graphitic regions in carbonized PAN/SWNT and mostly disordered carbon in carbonized PAN. Tensile modulus and strength of the carbonized fibers were as high as 250 N/tex and 1.8 N/tex for the composite fibers and 168 N/tex and 1.1 N/tex for the control PAN based carbon fibers, respectively. The addition of 1 wt% carbon nanotubes enhanced the carbon fiber modulus by 49% and strenath bv 64%.
Book Synopsis Polyacrylonitrile by : Young Ho Choi
Download or read book Polyacrylonitrile written by Young Ho Choi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study elucidates the effect of various processing parameters on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) /carbon nanotube (CNT) composite fiber structure and properties. Interaction between PAN and MWNT enabled the gel-spun PAN/MWNT composite fiber to be drawn to a higher draw ratio, than the control PAN fiber, resulting in the composite fiber tensile strength value as high as 1.3 GPa. PAN/MWNT composite fibers were stabilized and carbonized, and the resulting fibers have been characterized for their structure and properties. The effect of precursor fiber shelf-time on the mechanical properties of the gel-spun PAN/MWNT composite fibers is also reported. A rheological study of PAN-co-MAA/few wall nanotube (FWNT) composite solution has been conducted. At low shear rates, the network of FWNTs contributes to elastic response, resulting in higher viscosity and storage modulus for the composite solution as compared to the control solution. On the other hand, at high shear rates, the network of FWNTs can be broken, resulting in lower viscosity for the composite solution than that for the control solution. Larger PAN crystal size (~16.2 nm) and enhanced mechanical properties are observed when the fiber was drawn at room temperature (cold-drawing) prior to being drawn at elevated temperature (~ 165 °C; hot-drawing). Azimuthal scan of wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and Raman G-band intensities were used for the evaluation of Herman's orientation factor for PAN crystal (fPAN) and FWNT (fFWNT), respectively. Significantly higher nanotube orientation was observed than PAN orientation at an early stage of fiber processing (i.e during spinning, cold-drawing). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that PAN-co-MAA fiber can be converted into cyclic structure at milder conditions than those for PAN. Continuous in-line stabilization, carbonization, and characterization of the resulting carbon fibers were carried out. Rheological and fiber spinning studies have also been carried out on PAN-co-MAA/VGCNF (vapor grown carbon nano fiber). The diameter of PAN-co-MAA/VGCNF composite fiber is smaller than that of the PAN-co-MAA control fiber with same draw ratio due to the suppressed die-swell in the presence of VGCNF. The mechanical properties of PAN-co-MAA control and PAN-co-MAA/VGCNF composite fibers were characterized. Crystalline structure and morphology of the solution-spun PAN-co-MAA/VGCNF fibers are characterized using WAXD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The volume fraction of PAN-CNT interphase in PAN matrix has been calculated to illustrate the impact of CNTs on structural change in PAN matrix, when ordered PAN molecules are developed in the vicinity of CNTs during fiber processing. The effect of PAN-CNT interphase thickness, CNT diameter, and mass density of CNT on volume fraction of PAN-CNT interphase has been explored.
Book Synopsis Nanotube Superfiber Materials by : Mark Schulz
Download or read book Nanotube Superfiber Materials written by Mark Schulz and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2013-09-16 with total page 861 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotube Superfiber Materials refers to different forms of macroscale materials with unique properties constructed from carbon nanotubes. These materials include nanotube arrays, ribbons, scrolls, yarn, braid, and sheets. Nanotube materials are in the early stage of development and this is the first dedicated book on the subject. Transitioning from molecules to materials is a breakthrough that will positively impact almost all industries and areas of society. Key properties of superfiber materials are high flexibility and fatigue resistance, high energy absorption, high strength, good electrical conductivity, high maximum current density, reduced skin and proximity effects, high thermal conductivity, lightweight, good field emission, piezoresistive, magnetoresistive, thermoelectric, and other properties. These properties will open up the door to dozens of applications including replacing copper wire for power conduction, EMI shielding, coax cable, carbon biofiber, bullet-proof vests, impact resistant glass, wearable antennas, biomedical microdevices, biosensors, self-sensing composites, supercapacitors, superinductors, hybrid superconductor, reinforced elastomers, nerve scaffolding, energy storage, and many others. The scope of the book covers three main areas: Part I: Processing; Part II: Properties; and Part III: Applications. Processing involves nanotube synthesis and macro scale material formation methods. Properties covers the mechanical, electrical, chemical and other properties of nanotubes and macroscale materials. Different approaches to growing high quality long nanotubes and spinning the nanotubes into yarn are explained in detail. The best ideas are collected from all around the world including commercial approaches. Applications of nanotube superfiber cover a huge field and provides a broad survey of uses. The book gives a broad overview starting from bioelectronics to carbon industrial machines. First book to explore the production and applications of macro-scale materials made from nano-scale particles Sets out the processes for producing macro-scale materials from carbon nanotubes, and describes the unique properties of these materials Potential applications for CNT fiber/yarn include replacing copper wire for power conduction, EMI shielding, coax cable, carbon biofiber, bullet-proof vests, impact resistant glass, wearable antennas, biomedical microdevices, biosensors, self-sensing composites, supercapacitors, superinductors, hybrid superconductor, reinforced elastomers, nerve scaffolding, energy storage, and many others
Book Synopsis Fullerenes—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition by :
Download or read book Fullerenes—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 1855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fullerenes—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Fullerenes. The editors have built Fullerenes—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Fullerenes in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Fullerenes—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis Single Wall Carbon Nanotube/polyacrylonitrile Composite Fiber by : Jianghong Liang
Download or read book Single Wall Carbon Nanotube/polyacrylonitrile Composite Fiber written by Jianghong Liang and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs), discovered in 1993, have good mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is an important fiber for textiles as well as a precursor for carbon fibers. PAN has been produced since 1930s. In this study, we have processed SWNT/PAN fibers by dry-jet wet spinning. Purified SWNT, nitric acid treated SWNTs, and benzonitrile functionalized SWNTs have been used. Fiber processing was done in Dimethyl Formamide (DMF) and coagulation was done in DMF/water mixture. The coagulated fibers were drawn (draw ratio of 6) at 95 oC. Structure, orientation, and mechanical properties of these fibers have been studied. The cross-sections for all the fibers are not circular. Incorporation of SWNT in PAN results in improved mechanical properties, tensile modulus increased from 7.9 GPa for control PAN to 13.7 GPa for SWNT/PAN composite fiber, and functionalized SWNTs result in higher improvements with tensile modulus reaching 17.8 GPa for acid treated SWNT/PAN composite fibers. The theoretical analysis suggests that observed moduli of the composite fibers are consistent with the predicted values.
Book Synopsis Structure and Properties of High-Performance Fibers by : Gajanan Bhat
Download or read book Structure and Properties of High-Performance Fibers written by Gajanan Bhat and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-21 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structure and Properties of High-Performance Fibers explores the relationship between the structure and properties of a wide range of high-performance fibers. Part I covers high-performance inorganic fibers, including glasses and ceramics, plus carbon fibers of various types. In Part II, high-performance synthetic polymer fibers are discussed, while Part III reviews those natural fibers that can be used to create advanced textiles. The high-performance properties of these fibers are related to their chemistry and morphology, as well as the ways in which they are synthesized and spun. High-performance fibers form the basis of textile materials with applications in protection, medicine, and composite reinforcement. Fibers are selected for these technical applications due to their advanced physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. Offers up-to-date coverage of new and advanced materials for the fiber and textile industries Reviews structure-property relationships of high-performance inorganic, carbon, synthetic polymer, and natural fibers Includes contributions from an international team of authors edited by an expert in the field Reviews those natural fibers that can be used to create advanced textiles
Book Synopsis Nanotube Superfiber Materials by : Simon Jestin
Download or read book Nanotube Superfiber Materials written by Simon Jestin and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-09-16 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in the field of carbon nanotube (CNT)-based wet-spun fibers are described in this chapter. Wet spinning essentially enables a wide variety of polymers to be spun into fibers. It has been used to produce composite fibers composed of polymers loaded with CNTs, and even fibers solely composed of CNTs. Fibers obtained by wet-spinning approaches contain highly aligned CNTs making the fibers suitable for use in a variety of textile, cable and composite applications. Exciting results have been achieved at the laboratory scale. Today it is critical to consider scale-up of production of such superfibers so that applications can be fully validated.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Nanofiber Materials by : Frank K. Ko
Download or read book Introduction to Nanofiber Materials written by Frank K. Ko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the latest coverage of the fundamentals and applications of nanofibrous materials and their structures for graduate students and researchers, this book bridges the communication gap between fiber technologists and materials scientists and engineers. Featuring intensive coverage of electroactive, bioactive and structural nanofibers, it provides a comprehensive collection of processing conditions for electrospinning and includes recent advances in nanoparticle-/nanotube-based nanofibers. The book also covers mechanical properties of fibers and fibrous assemblies, as well as characterization methods.
Book Synopsis Thermal Analysis of Textiles and Fibers by : Michael Jaffe
Download or read book Thermal Analysis of Textiles and Fibers written by Michael Jaffe and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-22 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal Analysis of Textiles and Fibers offers systematic and comprehensive coverage of the subject, from the principles of fiber structure and established TA methods, to advanced TA techniques and their application to high-performance fibers and textiles. Thermal analysis is a convenient method for assessing fiber and fabric performance as monitored under end-use relevant conditions. Expertise in this field requires knowledge of both TA methods and of fiber behavior, information that is brought together in this new volume. In recent years, thermal analysis has been applied to a variety of novel and high-performance fibers, such as Kevlar, Vectran, PBI, polyolefins, polypropylene, PAN and PVA, amongst others. TA techniques are also used in fiber identification, characterization and stability testing and may be combined with spectroscopic techniques to yield still more information about fiber properties. Includes chapters on novel and high-performance fibers that are used in assembling technical textiles Covers advanced TA methods, such as combined and modulated techniques Brings together focused information on TA for fibers and textiles that is not otherwise available in a single volume
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites by : Brian P. Grady
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites written by Brian P. Grady and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-08 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accessible compendium of polymers in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)—extremely thin tubes only a few nanometers in diameter but able to attain lengths thousands of times greater—are prime candidates for use in the development of polymer composite materials. Bringing together thousands of disparate research works, Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites: Manufacture, Properties, and Applications covers CNT-polymers from synthesis to potential applications, presenting the basic science and engineering of this dynamic and complex area in an accessible, readable way. Designed to be of use to polymer scientists, engineers, chemists, physicists, and materials scientists, the book covers carbon nanotube fundamentals to help polymer experts understand CNTs, and polymer physics to help those in the CNT field, making it an invaluable resource for anyone working with CNT-polymer composites. Detailed chapters describe the mechanical, rheological, electrical, and thermal properties of carbon nanotube-polymer composites. Including a glossary that defines key terms, Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites is essential reading for anyone looking to gain a fundamental understanding of CNTs and polymers, as well as potential and current applications, including electronics (shielding and transparent electrodes), flame retardants, and electromechanics (sensors and actuators), and their challenges.
Book Synopsis American Society of Composites-28th Technical Conference by : Charles Bakis
Download or read book American Society of Composites-28th Technical Conference written by Charles Bakis and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 1892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New and unpublished U.S. and international research on multifunctional, active, biobased, SHM, self-healing composites -- from nanolevel to large structures New information on modeling, design, computational engineering, manufacturing, testing Applications to aircraft, bridges, concrete, medicine, body armor, wind energy This fully searchable CD-ROM contains 135 original research papers on all phases of composite materials. The document provides cutting edge research by US, Canadian, and Japanese authorities on matrix-based and fiber composites from design to damage analysis and detection. Major divisions of the work include: Structural Health Monitoring, Multifunctional Composites, Integrated Computational Materials Engineering, Interlaminar Testing, Analysis-Shell Structures, Thermoplastic Matrices, Analysis Non-classical Laminates, Bio-Based Composites, Electrical Properties, Dynamic Behavior, Damage/Failure, Compression-Testing, Active Composites, 3D Reinforcement, Dielectric Nanocomposites, Micromechanical Analysis, Processing, CM Reinforcement for Concrete, Environmental Effects, Phase-Transforming, Molecular Modeling, Impact.
Book Synopsis Structure, Processing, and Properties of Polyacrylpnitrile/carbon by : Huina Guo
Download or read book Structure, Processing, and Properties of Polyacrylpnitrile/carbon written by Huina Guo and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vapor grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs) developed in 1980s are being widely used for reinforcing composites. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) discovered in early 1990 can be classified as single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), double wall carbon nanotube (DWNTs) and multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) depending on the number of grapheme layer forming the carbon nanotube. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a commercially important polymer is a predominant precursor for carbon fiber. Carbonized and activated PAN/SWNT films can find application as electrochemical supercapacitor electrodes. This study is focused on the structure, processing and properties of polyacrylonitrile/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite films. PAN/SWNT (60/40) composite film have been processed with unique combination of tensile strength, modulus, electrical conductivity, dimensional stability, low density, solvent resistance, and thermal stability. PAN molecular motion above the glass transition temperature (Tg) in the composite film is significantly suppressed, resulting in high PAN/SWNT storage modulus above Tg. The specific modulus of PAN/VGCNF composite films is consistent with the predictions of the Halpin-Tsai equation up to 20% VGCNF loading. The magnitude of modulus and other property enhancement is reduced as the nanofiber loading is increased (up to 40%). Further increase in nanofiber loading (> 40%) in composite results in modulus and tensile strength lower than those of control PAN. Electrical percolation was observed at 3.1 vol% VGCNF loading. PAN/CNT composite films were processed using SWNTs, DWNTs, MWNTs and VGCNFs to study the effect of various nanotubes on the composite properties. PAN/CNT films have been characterized by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning as well as transmission electron microscopy. Films have also been characterized for electrical conductivity, tensile and dynamic mechanical properties. Mechanical property results have been analyzed in terms of the nanotube surface area determined by nitrogen gas adsorption. PAN/CNT composite films and fibers are characterized using solid state 1HNMR spin lattice relaxation time (T1). With the addition of nanotubes, the T1 values for the PAN matrix generally decreased, and the reduction mechanism is discussed. The optical anisotropy of SWNT in PAN/SWNT composites was observed in their polarized infrared spectra and analyzed using the effective medium theory.
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotube Fibres and Yarns by : Menghe Miao
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Fibres and Yarns written by Menghe Miao and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotube Fibres and Yarns for Smart Textiles: Production, Properties and Applications in Smart Textiles explains the relevance of carbon nanotube science and provides new insights on this emerging, high-performance textile material. Particular emphasis is placed on applications in smart textiles and wearable electronics applications, such as flexible sensors, actuators and energy sources. This collection examines the state-of-the-art in carbon nanotube (CNT) research, providing guidance for anyone who is exploring problems where CNTs may provide design solutions. Finally, the book addresses advances in yarn spinning methods, yarn structures and properties. Drawing on his experience in the textile industry, the book's editor presents academic research in a way that is comprehensible and useful to materials scientists and engineers in practice. Explains how carbon nanotube science can meet the challenging requirements of important and emerging smart textiles and wearable electronics applications Reviews and analyzes key developments on CNT yarn spinning methods, yarn structures and properties, and proposed applications Addresses the potential applications of CNT yarns and nanocomposite fibers
Book Synopsis Introduction to Nanofiber Materials by : Frank K. Ko
Download or read book Introduction to Nanofiber Materials written by Frank K. Ko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the fundamentals and applications of nanofibrous materials and their structures to graduate students and researchers in materials science.
