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Spin And Charge Transport In 2d Materials And Magnetic Insulator Metal Heterostructures
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Book Synopsis Spin and Charge Transport in 2D Materials and Magnetic Insulator/metal Heterostructures by : Walid Amamou
Download or read book Spin and Charge Transport in 2D Materials and Magnetic Insulator/metal Heterostructures written by Walid Amamou and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Furthermore, we examine spin manipulation in a nonmagnetic Pt using an internal magnetic exchange field produced by the adjacent magnetic insulator CoFe2O4 grown by MBE. Here, we report the observation of a strong magnetic proximity effect of Pt deposited on top of a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) inverse spinel material Cobalt Ferrite (CFO, CoFe 2O4). The CFO was grown by MBE and its magnetization was characterized by Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) demonstrating the strong out of plane magnetic anisotropy of this material. The anomalous Hall measurement on a Pt/CFO Hall bar exhibits a strong non-linear background around the saturation of the out of plane CFO magnetization. After subtraction of the Ordinary Hall Effect (OHE), we extract a strongly hysteretic anomalous Hall voltage that indicates that Pt acquired the magnetization properties of the CFO and has become ferromagnetic due to the proximity effects.
Book Synopsis Spintronic 2D Materials by : Wenqing Liu
Download or read book Spintronic 2D Materials written by Wenqing Liu and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spintronic 2D Materials: Fundamentals and Applications provides an overview of the fundamental theory of 2D electronic systems that includes a selection of the most intensively investigated 2D materials. The book tells the story of 2D spintronics in a systematic and comprehensive way, providing the growing community of spintronics researchers with a key reference. Part One addresses the fundamental theoretical aspects of 2D materials and spin transport, while Parts Two through Four explore 2D material systems, including graphene, topological insulators, and transition metal dichalcogenides. Each section discusses properties, key issues and recent developments. In addition, the material growth method (from lab to mass production), device fabrication and characterization techniques are included throughout the book. Discusses the fundamentals and applications of spintronics of 2D materials, such as graphene, topological insulators and transition metal dichalcogenides Includes an in-depth look at each materials system, from material growth, device fabrication and characterization techniques Presents the latest solutions on key challenges, such as the spin lifetime of 2D materials, spin-injection efficiency, the potential proximity effects, and much more
Download or read book Spin Current written by Sadamichi Maekawa and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a new branch of physics and technology, called spin-electronics or spintronics, the flow of electrical charge (usual current) as well as the flow of electron spin, the so-called "spin current", are manipulated and controlled together. This book is intended to provide an introduction and guide to the new physics and applications of spin current.
Book Synopsis Materials Development and Spin Transport Study of Magnetic Insulator Based Heterostructures by : Chi Tang
Download or read book Materials Development and Spin Transport Study of Magnetic Insulator Based Heterostructures written by Chi Tang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first chapter of this dissertation gives a brief introduction to the spintronics research by introducing some essential concepts in the spintronics field and the most recent spin transport phenomena.
Book Synopsis Spintronic 2D Materials by : Wenqing Liu
Download or read book Spintronic 2D Materials written by Wenqing Liu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spintronic 2D Materials: Fundamentals and Applications provides an overview of the fundamental theory of 2D electronic systems that includes a selection of the most intensively investigated 2D materials. The book tells the story of 2D spintronics in a systematic and comprehensive way, providing the growing community of spintronics researchers with a key reference. Part One addresses the fundamental theoretical aspects of 2D materials and spin transport, while Parts Two through Four explore 2D material systems, including graphene, topological insulators, and transition metal dichalcogenides. Each section discusses properties, key issues and recent developments. In addition, the material growth method (from lab to mass production), device fabrication and characterization techniques are included throughout the book. Discusses the fundamentals and applications of spintronics of 2D materials, such as graphene, topological insulators and transition metal dichalcogenides Includes an in-depth look at each materials system, from material growth, device fabrication and characterization techniques Presents the latest solutions on key challenges, such as the spin lifetime of 2D materials, spin-injection efficiency, the potential proximity effects, and much more
Book Synopsis Handbook of Spin Transport and Magnetism by : Evgeny Y. Tsymbal
Download or read book Handbook of Spin Transport and Magnetism written by Evgeny Y. Tsymbal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 809 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past several decades, the research on spin transport and magnetism has led to remarkable scientific and technological breakthroughs, including Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg’s Nobel Prize-winning discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in magnetic metallic multilayers. Handbook of Spin Transport and Magnetism provides a comprehensive, balanced account of the state of the art in the field known as spin electronics or spintronics. It reveals how key phenomena first discovered in one class of materials, such as spin injection in metals, have been revisited decades later in other materials systems, including silicon, organic semiconductors, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carefully engineered nanostructures. The first section of the book offers a historical and personal perspective of the field written by Nobel Prize laureate Albert Fert. The second section addresses physical phenomena, such as GMR, in hybrid structures of ferromagnetic and normal metals. The third section discusses recent developments in spin-dependent tunneling, including magnetic tunnel junctions with ferroelectric barriers. In the fourth section, the contributors look at how to control spin and magnetism in semiconductors. In the fifth section, they examine phenomena typically found in nanostructures made from metals, superconductors, molecular magnets, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, and graphene. The final section covers novel spin-based applications, including advanced magnetic sensors, nonvolatile magnetoresistive random access memory, and semiconductor spin-lasers. The techniques and materials of spintronics have rapidly evolved in recent years, leading to vast improvements in hard drive storage and magnetic sensing. With extensive cross-references between chapters, this seminal handbook provides a complete guide to spin transport and magnetism across various classes of materials and structures.
Book Synopsis Tuning the Spin Transport and Magnetic Properties of 2D Materials at the Atomic Scale by : Tiancong Zhu
Download or read book Tuning the Spin Transport and Magnetic Properties of 2D Materials at the Atomic Scale written by Tiancong Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted considerable attention in the past decade. Due to the reduced dimensionality and atomically thin nature of these materials, 2D materials carry many unique properties compared to their 3D counterparts. They are also highly tunable through surface modification or in proximity to other materials. The development of 2D materials has also made a significant impact in the field of spintronics, which studies the electron spin and its associated magnetic moment for computation and information storage. The long spin lifetime and record-setting spin diffusion length in graphene, the demonstration of strong modulation of spin transport in 2D material heterostructures, and the discovery of magnetism in 2D van der Waals materials have brought many new directions as well as opportunities for advancing the field of spintronics. This dissertation focuses on the work of studying and tuning the spin transport and magnetic properties in 2D materials at the atomic scale. The spin transport section will start with understanding the tunneling spin injection process in graphene (Chapter 3), which is critical for the operation of a spintronic device. Next is a detailed discussion about theoretical modeling for extracting spin lifetime anisotropy with oblique spin precession measurement (Chapter 4), which is a good method to understand the spin relaxation in 2D materials. Lastly, on the topic of spin transport, one of the first experimental demonstrations of proximity-induced exchange coupling and modulation of spin transport in graphene heterostructures is presented (Chapter 5). The magnetism in 2D materials section will start with the experimental demonstration of sublattice resolved hydrogen adsorption on bilayer graphene (Chapter 6), which provides a good method for realizing point defect induced magnetism in graphene-based systems. It will be followed with synthesis and characterization of intrinsic van der Waals magnet MnSe2 at the monolayer limit (Chapter 7), which is one of the first discoveries of room temperature intrinsic ferromagnetism in 2D van der Waals materials. Finally, some important tips in analyzing magnetic signals from 2D magnets with SQUID magnetometry will also be discussed (Chapter 8).
Book Synopsis Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition: Spin Transport and Magnetism by : Evgeny Y. Tsymbal
Download or read book Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition: Spin Transport and Magnetism written by Evgeny Y. Tsymbal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition offers an update on the single most comprehensive survey of the two intertwined fields of spintronics and magnetism, covering the diverse array of materials and structures, including silicon, organic semiconductors, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and engineered nanostructures. It focuses on seminal pioneering work, together with the latest in cutting-edge advances, notably extended discussion of two-dimensional materials beyond graphene, topological insulators, skyrmions, and molecular spintronics. The main sections cover physical phenomena, spin-dependent tunneling, control of spin and magnetism in semiconductors, and spin-based applications. Features: Presents the most comprehensive reference text for the overlapping fields of spintronics (spin transport) and magnetism. Covers the full spectrum of materials and structures, from silicon and organic semiconductors to carbon nanotubes, graphene, and engineered nanostructures. Extends coverage of two-dimensional materials beyond graphene, including molybdenum disulfide and study of their spin relaxation mechanisms Includes new dedicated chapters on cutting-edge topics such as spin-orbit torques, topological insulators, half metals, complex oxide materials and skyrmions. Discusses important emerging areas of spintronics with superconductors, spin-wave spintronics, benchmarking of spintronics devices, and theory and experimental approaches to molecular spintronics. Evgeny Tsymbal's research is focused on computational materials science aiming at the understanding of fundamental properties of advanced ferromagnetic and ferroelectric nanostructures and materials relevant to nanoelectronics and spintronics. He is a George Holmes University Distinguished Professor at the Department of Physics and Astronomy of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), Director of the UNL’s Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC), and Director of the multi-institutional Center for NanoFerroic Devices (CNFD). Igor Žutić received his Ph.D. in theoretical physics at the University of Minnesota. His work spans a range of topics from high-temperature superconductors and ferromagnetism that can get stronger as the temperature is increased, to prediction of various spin-based devices. He is a recipient of 2006 National Science Foundation CAREER Award, 2005 National Research Council/American Society for Engineering Education Postdoctoral Research Award, and the National Research Council Fellowship (2003-2005). His research is supported by the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research, the Department of Energy, and the Airforce Office of Scientific Research.
Book Synopsis Charge and Spin Transport in Two-dimensional Materials and Their Heterostructures by :
Download or read book Charge and Spin Transport in Two-dimensional Materials and Their Heterostructures written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Physical Principles of Magnetism by : Allan H. Morrish
Download or read book The Physical Principles of Magnetism written by Allan H. Morrish and published by Wiley-IEEE Press. This book was released on 2001-01-15 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IEEE Press is pleased to reissue this essential book for understanding the basis of modern magnetic materials. Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism, and antiferromagnetism are covered in an integrated manner -- unifying subject matter from physics, chemistry, metallurgy, and engineering. Magnetic phenomena are discussed both from an experimental and theoretical point of view. The underlying physical principles are presented first, followed by macroscopic or microscopic theories. Although quantum mechanical theories are given, a phenomenological approach is emphasized. More than half the book is devoted to a discussion of strongly coupled dipole systems, where the molecular field theory is emphasized. The Physical Principles of Magnetism is a classic "must read" for anyone working in the magnetics, electromagnetics, computing, and communications fields.
Book Synopsis Quantum Spin Transport and Collective Magnetic Dynamics in Heterostructures by : Scott Andrew Bender
Download or read book Quantum Spin Transport and Collective Magnetic Dynamics in Heterostructures written by Scott Andrew Bender and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis advances the theory of quantum and semiclassical transport in magnetic heterostructures. In the solid state, angular momentum can be carried by individual electrons and collective modes. The flow of angular momentum (a spin current), central to the operation of spintronic devices, is generated by the application of electric and magnetic fields and temperature gradients. In what follows, we explore the physics of such nonequilibrium spin currents in magnetic structures, involving an interplay of charge and magnetic dynamics and thermoelectric effects. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the transport of spin in magnets, carried by electrons and collective excitations of the magnetic order. Chapters 2-6 study the role of thermal fluctuations in transport and magnetic dynamics. In Chapter 2, we describe how incoherent thermal fluctuations of the spin density (magnons), which open inelastic scattering channels, contribute to spin and energy transport between a normal metal and a magnet. Such (temperature-dependent) transport may arise from a thermal gradient applied across the metal/magnet interface or a spin accumulation inside the normal metal and may alter or even drive magnetic dynamics. Chapter 3, is dedicated to the realization of Bose-Einstein condensed magnons (previously observed by microwave pumping) in a normal metal/insulating ferromagnet heterostructure. As is described in Chapter 2, the combination of a temperature gradient and normal metal spin accumulation can drive spin into the insulating ferromagnet, accumulating as magnons; upon reaching a critical density, the magnons, which are bosonic, spontaneously form a quasi-equilibrium condensate. Chapter 4 focuses on thermally driven spin-torques in electrically insulating structures, wherein direct electric control of magnetic dynamics is prohibited. In contrast to the interfacial transport described in Chapter 2, where a spin accumulation is to necessary to observe magnetic dynamics, here we demonstrate how spin-torques can arise from a pure thermal gradient in a heterostructure. These spin-torques can be measured by ferromagnetic resonance and can, under a sufficiently strong bias, actuate magnetic switching. Chapter 5 concerns charge transport in a single-electron transistor, consisting of a magnetic quantum dot in contact with magnetic and normal metal leads. Microwave-driven precession by the dot induces a pumped electric current, which can be enhanced and made highly nonlinear by electron interactions (Coulomb blockade). The dependence of the resulting electrical response on the power and spectrum of microwave irradiation may be utilized to develop nanoscale microwave detectors analogous to single-electron transistor-based electrostatic sensors and nanoelectromechanical devices. In Chapter 6 we study bilayers, composed of a nonmagnetic conducting and a magnetic layer. We develop a general phenomenology for the magnetic and charge dynamics, which are coupled by spin-orbit interactions. In contrast to Chapters 2-4, we focus on the long-wavelength magnetic dynamics, which is subject to current-induced torques and produces fictitious electromotive forces that drive charge dynamics.}
Book Synopsis Charge Spin Conversion and Electronic Transport in Two Dimensional Materials and Van Der Waals Heterostructures by : Md Anamul Hoque
Download or read book Charge Spin Conversion and Electronic Transport in Two Dimensional Materials and Van Der Waals Heterostructures written by Md Anamul Hoque and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Graphene-Based Nanomaterials by : Luis E. F. Foa Torres
Download or read book Introduction to Graphene-Based Nanomaterials written by Luis E. F. Foa Torres and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-01-23 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed primer describing the most effective theoretical and computational methods and tools for simulating graphene-based systems.
Book Synopsis Magnetization Dynamics-Induced Charge and Spin Transport on the Surface of a Topological Insulator Subjected to Magnetism by : Katsuhisa Taguchi
Download or read book Magnetization Dynamics-Induced Charge and Spin Transport on the Surface of a Topological Insulator Subjected to Magnetism written by Katsuhisa Taguchi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We theoretically show spin and charge transport on the disordered surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator with a magnetic insulator when localized spin of the magnetic insulator depends on time and space. To ascertain the transports, we use a low-energy effective Hamiltonian on the surface of a topological insulator using the exchange interaction and calculate analytically using Green's function techniques within the linear response to the exchange interaction. As a result, the time-dependent localized spin induces the charge and spin current. These currents are detected from change in the half-width value of the ferromagnetic resonance of the localized spin when the magnetic resonance of the localized spin is realized in the attached magnetic insulator. We also show spin and charge current generation in a three-dimensional Weyl-Dirac semimetal, which has massless Dirac fermions with helicity degrees of freedoms. The time-dependent localized spin drives the charge and spin current in the system. The charge current as well as the spin current in the Weyl-Dirac system are slightly different from those on the surface of the topological insulator.
Book Synopsis Modelling Topological and Magnetic Materials for Charge and Spin-based Devices by : Sabyasachi Tiwari
Download or read book Modelling Topological and Magnetic Materials for Charge and Spin-based Devices written by Sabyasachi Tiwari and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The imminent halt of Moore’s law and discontinuation of scaling of transistors based on three-dimensional materials, e.g., silicon, has prompted researchers to look for different ma- terials and device systems apart from the conventional ones to form the backbone of the electronics industry of the future. Topological insulators (TIs) open a vast avenue to realize devices with high ON current and low power consumption. TIs are a class of materials with topologically protected edge states which are spin-polarized and robust against impurity scattering. The possibility of spin-polarization in TIs and efficient transfer of spin-current in soft-layered magnets opens another avenue of research for realizing fast memory devices. In this dissertation, first, we model carrier transport through imperfect two-dimensional (2D) TI ribbons. In particular, we investigate the impact of vacancy defects on the carrier trans- port of 2D TIs. We show that carrier transport through the topologically protected edge states is robust against a high percentage of defects (up to 2%), whereas the carrier trans- port through the bulk state is strongly suppressed due to backscattering. We show that the suppression of bulk transport in 2D TIs can be used to design devices using 2D TI ribbons. Next, we develop a computational method to model the magnetic interactions in layered magnetic materials and calculate their critical temperature from the first principles, taking into account both the magnetic anisotropy as well as the out-of-plane interactions. We ap- ply our method on Cr-compounds: CrI3, CrBr3, and CrGeTe3, and FeCl2, and show that our predictions match well with experimental values. Using the same model we next inves- tigate the magnetic order in two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal-dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers: MoS2, MoSe2, MoTe2, WSe2 , and WS2 substitutionally doped with period-four transition-metals (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni). We show that five distinct magnetically or- dered states can exist among the 35 distinct TMD-dopant combinations including the non- magnetic (NM), the ferromagnetic (FM) with out-of-plane spin polarization (Z FM), the out-of-plane polarized clustered FMs (clustered Z FM), the in-plane polarized FMs (X–Y FM), and the anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) state. Most remarkably, we find from our study that V-doped MoSe2 and WSe2, and Mn-doped MoS2, are the most suitable candidates for realizing a room-temperature FM at a 16–18% atomic substitution. We then compare three first-principles methods (the MC, the Green’s function, and the RNSW) of calculating the Curie temperature in 2D FMs in the presence of exchange anisotropy, modeled using the Heisenberg model. We find that the Curie temperature obtained from the Green’s function in high-anisotropy regimes is higher compared to MC, whereas the Curie temperature cal- culated using the renormalized spin-waves (RNSW) is lower compared to the MC and the Green’s function for all anisotropies. Finally, we present a theoretical model to simulate spin- dynamics and spin-induced switching in a semiconductor-ferromagnet heterostructure. Our theoretical model combines the non-equilibrium Green’s function method for spin-dependent electron transport and time-quantified Monte-Carlo for simulating magnetization dynamics. We use the adiabatic approximation for combining the electron dynamics and the magne- tization dynamics. We study spin-induced switching in a 2D TI-FM interface. Finally, we show that for a certain range of magnetic exchange parameters (or certain materials), it is possible to change magnetic domains in a 2D FM using spin-torque from TIs, which can be used for designing high-speed memories.
Book Synopsis Spin Dependent Phenomena in Topological and Two-dimensional Materials by : Wilson Jonathan Yanez Parreno
Download or read book Spin Dependent Phenomena in Topological and Two-dimensional Materials written by Wilson Jonathan Yanez Parreno and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the biggest discoveries in condensed matter physics in the last couple of decades is the relationship between topology and condensed matter physics. On one hand, topology is a branch of mathematics that studies the basic properties of shapes and their spatial relations. On the other hand, condensed matter physics uses quantum mechanics to understand the macroscopic and microscopic behavior of solids. It turns out that these two seemingly different fields of knowledge are intertwined and deeply connected. This makes, the effort of understanding the consequences of topology in condensed matter systems a worthy scientific endeavor that will deepen our understanding of the basic properties of solids and might impact the future of technology in different applications. In this dissertation, we study the role of spin in the macroscopic behavior of novel families of topological quantum materials. We part ways from well-studied topological insulators and turn our attention to topological Dirac and Weyl semimetals. This work focuses on archetypal members of these families of materials namely: Cd3As2, TaAs and NbAs. We establish their synthesis in thin film form using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) in common semiconductor substrates (GaAs, GaSb). We combine them with the soft ferromagnet, permalloy (Ni0.80Fe0.20), and use well established techniques such as spin torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) and spin pumping (SP) to show that spin dependent phenomena plays an important role in these systems. This allows us to quantify the efficiency of the charge-spin interconversion in these materials, which together with electrical transport measurements allow us to estimate their spin Hall conductivity ([sigma]SH). These values are then compared with first principles calculations with a good qualitative and quantitative agreement. One of our main findings is that natural surface oxidation of these compounds plays a major role in spin transport and can enhance the charge-spin interconversion efficiency. With this knowledge, we take some members of these families of materials to the ultrathin regime. We have interfaced a Dirac semimetal (ZrTe2) with a two-dimensional magnet (CrTe2) and made a proof of concept device which shows that the spin of electrons in the Dirac semimetal can be controlled by electrical means and can be used to switch the magnetization direction of the ferromagnet, effectively making a quasi two-dimensional memory with topological materials. This motivated us to do similar experiments and study the behavior of spin in metals (Pb) once they are taken to the two-dimensional regime. This dissertation studies topology, spin transport and ferromagnetism in Dirac and Weyl semimetals, two-dimensional metals and two-dimensional ferromagnets.
Book Synopsis 2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) by : Babak Anasori
Download or read book 2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) written by Babak Anasori and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the rapidly expanding field of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes). It covers fundamental knowledge on synthesis, structure, and properties of these new materials, and a description of their processing, scale-up and emerging applications. The ways in which the quickly expanding family of MXenes can outperform other novel nanomaterials in a variety of applications, spanning from energy storage and conversion to electronics; from water science to transportation; and in defense and medical applications, are discussed in detail.
