Speech Masking Speech In Everyday Communication

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Speech masking speech in everyday communication

Author : Victoria Stenbäck
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9176856046
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (768 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech masking speech in everyday communication by : Victoria Stenbäck

Download or read book Speech masking speech in everyday communication written by Victoria Stenbäck and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2016-12-14 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Age affects hearing and cognitive abilities. Older people, with and without hearing impairment (HI), exhibit difficulties in hearing speech in noise. Elderly individuals show greater difficulty in segregating target speech from distracting background noise, especially if the noise is competing speech with meaningful contents, so called informational maskers. Working memory capacity (WMC) has proven to be a crucial factor in comprehending speech in noise, especially for people with hearing loss. In auditory scenes where speech is disrupted by competing speech, high WMC has proven to facilitate the ability to segregate target speech and inhibit responses to irrelevant information. People with low WMC are more prone to be disrupted by competing speech and exhibit more difficulties in hearing target speech in complex listening environments. Furthermore, elderly individuals with a HI experience more difficulties in switching attention between wanted and irrelevant stimuli, and they employ more resources and time to attend to the stimuli than do normally - hearing (NH) younger adults. This thesis investigated the importance of inhibitory control and WMC for speech recognition in noise, and perceived listening effort. Four studies were conducted. In the first study, the aim was to develop a test of inhibitory control for verbal content, and to investigate the relation between inhibitory control and WMC, and how these two abilities related to speech recognition in noise, in young normally – hearing (YNH) individuals. In the second study we aimed to investigate the same relationship as in the first study to further strengthen the validity of the inhibitory test developed, as well as the importance of lexical access. It was also an aim to investigate the influence of age and hearing status on lexical access and WMC, and their respective roles for speech recognition in noise in both YNH and elderly HI (EHI) individuals. Study one and two showed that, for YNH, inhibitory control was related to speech recognition in noise, indicating that inhibitory control can help to predict speech recognition in noise performance. The relationship between WMC and speech recognition in noise in YNH shifted in the studies, suggesting that this relationship is multifaceted and varying. Lexical access was of little importance for YNH, although for EHI individuals, both WMC and lexical access was of importance for speech recognition in noise, suggesting that different cognitive abilities were of importance for the YNH and EHI individuals Study three investigated the relationship between inhibitory control, WMC, speech recognition in noise, and perceived listening effort, in YNH and elderly, for their age, NH, individuals (ENH). In study four the same relationships as in study three were investigated, albeit in EHI individuals. Two speech materials with different characteristics, masked with four background noises were used. The results in study three showed that less favourable SNRs were needed for informational maskers than for maskers without semantic content. ENH individuals were more susceptible to informational maskers than YNH individuals. In contrast, in study four, more favourable SNRs were needed for informational maskers. In both studies, results showed that speech recognition in noise performance differed depending on the characteristics of the speech material. The studies showed that high WMC, compared to low WMC, was beneficial for speech recognition in noise, especially for informational maskers, and resulted in lower ratings of perceived effort. Varying results were found in study three and four regarding perceived effort and inhibitory control. In study three good inhibitory control was associated with lower effort rating, while in study four, individuals with a HI and good inhibitory control rated effort as higher. The results suggest that hearing status, age, and cognitive abilities, contribute to the differences in performance between YNH, ENH, and EHI individuals in speech – recognition – in – noise - and cognitive tasks. This thesis has, for the first time, demonstrated that a measure of inhibitory control of verbal content, is related to speech recognition in noise performance in YNH, ENH and EHI individuals. Results presented in this thesis also show that both WMC and inhibitory control are related to an individuals’ perception of how effortful a listening task is. It also adds to the literature that WMC is related to speech recognition in noise performance for ENH and EHI individuals, but that this relationship is not as robust in YNH individuals.

Informal Communication Concerning: the Masking of Speech by Two Types of Interfering Noise

Author : M. I. Stein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Informal Communication Concerning: the Masking of Speech by Two Types of Interfering Noise by : M. I. Stein

Download or read book Informal Communication Concerning: the Masking of Speech by Two Types of Interfering Noise written by M. I. Stein and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Computing, Control, Information and Education Engineering

Author : Hsiang-Chuan Liu
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315685892
Total Pages : 1038 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis Computing, Control, Information and Education Engineering by : Hsiang-Chuan Liu

Download or read book Computing, Control, Information and Education Engineering written by Hsiang-Chuan Liu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-08-18 with total page 1038 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings set contains selected Computer, Information and Education Technology related papers from the 2015 International Conference on Computer, Intelligent Computing and Education Technology (CICET 2015), to be held April 11-12, 2015 in Guilin, P.R. China. The proceedings aims to provide a platform for researchers, engineers and academics

Hearing Loss

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309092965
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Hearing Loss by : National Research Council

Download or read book Hearing Loss written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-12-17 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of Americans experience some degree of hearing loss. The Social Security Administration (SSA) operates programs that provide cash disability benefits to people with permanent impairments like hearing loss, if they can show that their impairments meet stringent SSA criteria and their earnings are below an SSA threshold. The National Research Council convened an expert committee at the request of the SSA to study the issues related to disability determination for people with hearing loss. This volume is the product of that study. Hearing Loss: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits reviews current knowledge about hearing loss and its measurement and treatment, and provides an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the current processes and criteria. It recommends changes to strengthen the disability determination process and ensure its reliability and fairness. The book addresses criteria for selection of pure tone and speech tests, guidelines for test administration, testing of hearing in noise, special issues related to testing children, and the difficulty of predicting work capacity from clinical hearing test results. It should be useful to audiologists, otolaryngologists, disability advocates, and others who are concerned with people who have hearing loss.

Speech Audiometry

Author : Michael Martin (OBE.)
Publisher : Singular
ISBN 13 : 9781565935167
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech Audiometry by : Michael Martin (OBE.)

Download or read book Speech Audiometry written by Michael Martin (OBE.) and published by Singular. This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Notes that in the decade since the first edition, speech audiometry has been almost entirely replaced by electrophysiological tests in many countries for advanced diagnosis, but that many countries do not have such sophisticated equipment or training, and that audiology is still used for rehabilitation. Explains such aspects as the basic properties of speech, speech tests in quiet and noise as a measure of auditory processing, equipment and its calibration, speech tests of hearing for children, and experiences in a number of countries and institutions. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Listening to Speech

Author : Steven Greenberg
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135624909
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Listening to Speech by : Steven Greenberg

Download or read book Listening to Speech written by Steven Greenberg and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human species is largely defined by its use of spoken language, so integral is speech communication to behavior and social interaction. Despite its importance in everyday life, comparatively little is known about the auditory mechanisms that underlie the ability to understand language. The current volume examines the perception and processing of speech from the perspective of the hearing system. The chapters in this book describe a comprehensive set of approaches to the scientific study of speech and hearing, ranging from anatomy and physiology, to psychophysics and perception, and computational modeling. The auditory basis of speech is examined within a biological and an evolutionary context, and its relevance to applied domains such as communication disorders and speech technology discussed in detail. This volume will be of interest to scientists, engineers, and clinicians whose professional work pertains to any aspect of spoken language or hearing science.

Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions

Author : Sven Mattys
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317836804
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions by : Sven Mattys

Download or read book Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions written by Sven Mattys and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech recognition in ‘adverse conditions’ has been a familiar area of research in computer science, engineering, and hearing sciences for several decades. In contrast, most psycholinguistic theories of speech recognition are built upon evidence gathered from tasks performed by healthy listeners on carefully recorded speech, in a quiet environment, and under conditions of undivided attention. Building upon the momentum initiated by the Psycholinguistic Approaches to Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions workshop held in Bristol, UK, in 2010, the aim of this volume is to promote a multi-disciplinary, yet unified approach to the perceptual, cognitive, and neuro-physiological mechanisms underpinning the recognition of degraded speech, variable speech, speech experienced under cognitive load, and speech experienced by theoretically relevant populations. This collection opens with a review of the literature and a formal classification of adverse conditions. The research articles then highlight those adverse conditions with the greatest potential for constraining theory, showing that some speech phenomena often believed to be immutable can be affected by noise, surface variations, or attentional set in ways that will force researchers to rethink their theory. This volume is essential for those interested in speech recognition outside laboratory constraints.

Nonverbal Communication in Everyday Life

Author : Martin S. Remland
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1483370240
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonverbal Communication in Everyday Life by : Martin S. Remland

Download or read book Nonverbal Communication in Everyday Life written by Martin S. Remland and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonverbal Communication in Everyday Life, Fourth Edition, is the most comprehensive, thoroughly researched, and up-to-date introduction to the subject of nonverbal communication available today. Renowned author Martin S. Remland introduces nonverbal communication in a concise and engaging format that connects foundational concepts, current theory, and new research findings to familiar everyday interactions. Presented in three parts, the text offers full and balanced coverage of the functions, channels, and applications of nonverbal communication. This approach not only gives students a strong foundation, but also allows them to fully appreciate the importance of nonverbal communication in their personal and professional lives.

Practical Uses of Speech Communication

Author : Harold Barrett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (626 download)

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Book Synopsis Practical Uses of Speech Communication by : Harold Barrett

Download or read book Practical Uses of Speech Communication written by Harold Barrett and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech communication is an interpersonal and practical activity. It is humanistic - invloving people relating to people; it is functional - involving ways of being effective in communication.

Auditory Prostheses

Author : Fan-Gang Zeng
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441994343
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Auditory Prostheses by : Fan-Gang Zeng

Download or read book Auditory Prostheses written by Fan-Gang Zeng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cochlear implants are currently the standard treatment for profound sensorineural hearing loss. In the last decade, advances in auditory science and technology have not only greatly expanded the utility of electric stimulation to other parts of the auditory nervous system in addition to the cochlea, but have also demonstrated drastic changes in the brain in responses to electric stimulation, including changes in language development and music perception. Volume 20 of SHAR focused on basic science and technology underlying the cochlear implant. However, due to the newness of the ideas and technology, the volume did not cover any emerging applications such as bilateral cochlear implants, combined acoustic-electric stimulation, and other types of auditory prostheses, nor did it review brain plasticity in responses to electric stimulation and its perceptual and language consequences. This proposed volume takes off from Volume 20, and expands the examination of implants into new and highly exciting areas. This edited book starts with an overview and introduction by Dr. Fan-Gang Zeng. Chapters 2-9 cover technological development and the advances in treating the full spectrum of ear disorders in the last ten years. Chapters 10-15 discuss brain responses to electric stimulation and their perceptual impact. This volume is particularly exciting because there have been quantum leap from the traditional technology discussed in Volume 20. Thus, this volume is timely and will be of real importance to the SHAR audience.

Time to Plan

Author : Lisa Palmqvist
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179298699
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Time to Plan by : Lisa Palmqvist

Download or read book Time to Plan written by Lisa Palmqvist and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) have difficulties in executive functioning and when coping with everyday planning tasks. However, the literature cannot explain whether individuals with ID perform according to their developmental level or not. The studies in this thesis investigated if life experience could be a contributing factor to the diversity seen in the literature. Planning performance can be improved by either using external or internal support. Assistive technology for cognition (ATC) is an example of external support. This thesis investigated how the ATC is being used in an everyday planning situation which has not been investigated before. Furthermore, this thesis explored whether the internal supports of cognitive abilities and life experience correlate with planning ability in adolescents with ID, and if planning ability can be trained using a cognitive training program for everyday planning. Results showed that ATC supported cognitive functions, but that the children did not formulate the plans themselves. Furthermore, the results support the difference model of ID since planning correlated with different cognitive measures and life experience in adolescents with ID compared to children with a typical development. Adolescents with ID got better at the planning tasks in the training program, however, no transfer effects to untrained planning tasks were found. To conclude, the planning was supported by external and internal support. However, ATC needs to be designed and prescribed in a way that increases independence. Practitioners should actively support in training planning and should be cautious when introducing cognitive interventions if the transfer gap is too large. Barn och ungdomar med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning (IF) har svårt med sina exekutiva funktioner och dagliga planeringsuppgifter. Litteraturen kan dock inte förklara om individer med IF presterar enligt deras utvecklingsnivå eller inte. Studierna i denna avhandling undersökte om livserfarenhet kan vara en bidragande faktor till varför denna skillnad ses i litteraturen. Planeringsförmågan kan förbättras genom att använda externt eller internt stöd. Hjälpteknik för kognition (HM-K) är ett exempel på externt stöd. Denna avhandling undersökte hur HM-K används i en vardaglig planeringssituation vilket inte har undersökts tidigare. Vidare undersökte denna avhandling om de interna stöden för kognitiva förmågor och livserfarenhet korrelerar med planeringsförmåga hos ungdomar med IF, och om planeringsförmåga kan förbättras med hjälp av ett kognitivt träningsprogram för vardagsplanering. Resultaten visade att HM-K stödde kognitiva funktioner, men att barnen inte formulerade planerna själva. Vidare stöder resultaten skillnadsmodellen för IF eftersom planering korrelerade med olika kognitiva mått och livserfarenhet hos ungdomar med IF jämfört med barn med en typisk utveckling. Ungdomar med IF blev bättre på planeringsuppgifterna i träningsprogrammet, men inga överföringseffekter till otränade planeringsuppgifter hittades. Avslutningsvis så stöds planeringen av externa och interna stöd. HM-K måste dock utformas och förskrivas på ett sätt som ökar självständighet. Praktiker bör aktivt stödja träning av planering och bör vara försiktiga när de inför kognitiva insatser om överföringsgapet är för stort.

Essentials of Communication Sciences & Disorders

Author : Fogle
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN 13 : 128412181X
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis Essentials of Communication Sciences & Disorders by : Fogle

Download or read book Essentials of Communication Sciences & Disorders written by Fogle and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully revised and updated, Essentials of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Second Edition is an accessible and engaging introductory resource for students new to communication sciences and disorders. This text covers basic information about speech disorders in both children and adults, while numerous case scenarios and personal stories paint a vivid picture of the profession. Important Notice: The digital edition of this book is missing some of the images or content found in the physical edition.

The Frequency-Following Response

Author : Nina Kraus
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331947944X
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The Frequency-Following Response by : Nina Kraus

Download or read book The Frequency-Following Response written by Nina Kraus and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-09 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume will cover a variety of topics, including child language development; hearing loss; listening in noise; statistical learning; poverty; auditory processing disorder; cochlear neuropathy; attention; and aging. It will appeal broadly to auditory scientists—and in fact, any scientist interested in the biology of human communication and learning. The range of the book highlights the interdisciplinary series of questions that are pursued using the auditory frequency-following response and will accordingly attract a wide and diverse readership, while remaining a lasting resource for the field.

Reasons for Language

Author : Michaela Socher
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179297919
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Reasons for Language by : Michaela Socher

Download or read book Reasons for Language written by Michaela Socher and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The usage-based model of language acquisition assumes that language is learned by its usage. General cognitive processes, especially analogical reasoning ability, are assumed to lead to the understanding of words and grammatical structures. It has been argued that the time of language or auditory deprivation children with cochlear implants (CIs) often experience early in life, might affect both their language and their cognitive abilities. Children with CIs have disadvantages in terms of language acquisition as they start receiving language input later than peers with typical hearing (TH), and the perceptual quality of the input is reduced. However, they might have additional difficulties in language acquisition if their analogical reasoning ability is negatively influenced by the language or auditory deprivation early in life. The results found in this thesis show that the language delays often seen in children with CIs are not explained by differences in analogical reasoning ability. Results indicate that analogical reasoning ability has a limited influence on language acquisition for the tested age-group. However, language abilities affect the performance on analogical reasoning tasks which are either verbal or can be supported by verbal strategies. This needs to be taken into consideration when comparing analogical reasoning ability of children with CI sand children with TH. In addition, the results from this thesis indicate that the structure of the mental lexicon is associated with the communication skills of children with CIs. The structure of the mental lexicon is most likely influenced by the amount of language input a child receives. The main implication of the results is that emphasis should be put on reducing the duration of language deprivation and to improve the quality of the language input for children with CIs.

Effects of Noise on People

Author : James David Miller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Noise on People by : James David Miller

Download or read book Effects of Noise on People written by James David Miller and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Women in Neuroscience

Author : Marie-Ève Tremblay
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832503888
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Women in Neuroscience by : Marie-Ève Tremblay

Download or read book Women in Neuroscience written by Marie-Ève Tremblay and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-04 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Human Communication and Its Disorders

Author : National Advisory Neurological Diseases and Stroke Council. Subcommittee on Human Communication and its Disorders
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Communication and Its Disorders by : National Advisory Neurological Diseases and Stroke Council. Subcommittee on Human Communication and its Disorders

Download or read book Human Communication and Its Disorders written by National Advisory Neurological Diseases and Stroke Council. Subcommittee on Human Communication and its Disorders and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: