Spectra Of The Rare Earths

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Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earths in Optical Materials

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Author : Guokui Liu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540282092
Total Pages : 567 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earths in Optical Materials by : Guokui Liu

Download or read book Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earths in Optical Materials written by Guokui Liu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-29 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at researchers and graduate students, this book provides up-to-date information about the electronic interactions that impact the optical properties of rare earth ions in solids. Its goal is to establish a connection between fundamental principles and the materials properties of rare-earth activated luminescent and laser optical materials. The theoretical survey and introduction to spectroscopic properties covers electronic energy level structure, intensities of optical transitions, ion-phonon interactions, line broadening, and energy transfer and up-conversion. An important aspect of the book lies in its deep and detailed discussions of materials properties and the potential of new applications such as optical storage, information processing, nanophotonics, and molecular probes that have been identified in recent experimental studies. This volume will be a valuable reference book on advanced topics of rare earth spectroscopy and materials science.

Spectra of the Rare Earths

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Author : M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

Book Synopsis Spectra of the Rare Earths by : M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich

Download or read book Spectra of the Rare Earths written by M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Tables for Emission Spectrographic Analysis of Rare Earth Elements

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Author : Ch. Kerekes
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 148315520X
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

Book Synopsis Tables for Emission Spectrographic Analysis of Rare Earth Elements by : Ch. Kerekes

Download or read book Tables for Emission Spectrographic Analysis of Rare Earth Elements written by Ch. Kerekes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atlas and Tables for Emission Spectrographic Analysis of Rare Earth Elements focuses on the analysis of rare earths with the Zeiss Q 24 spectrograph or with instruments of similar dispersion. The book first offers information on the division of the spectra of rare earth elements and Sc and Y into three groups. The spectra of Ce, Pr, Nd, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er have lines that, however, do not form characteristic line groups. The text underscores that in preparing the Atlas, the spectral pure-grade rare earth oxides sold by the Johnson & Matthey Co. were considered. Through the help of their spectra, the usable analysis lines and the wavelength values of the interfering spectral lines are created. The operating and photographic conditions are tabulated. The book stresses that for each rare earth, the analysis lines are provided in order of decreasing wavelength. The number located in the lower left corner for each analysis line indicates its relative intensity. The fifteen columns contain the interfering lines of other rare earths and of Sc and Y. The interfering lines are created through the use of the double projector of the Optica Milano Co. and the Gatterer Spectrum. The text is a great source of information for readers wanting to analyze rare earths with the Zeiss Q 24 spectrograph or with instruments of similar dispersion.

Spectra of the Rare Earths

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Author : M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis Spectra of the Rare Earths by : M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich

Download or read book Spectra of the Rare Earths written by M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Optical Spectra of Transparent Rare Earth Compounds

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Author : Stefan Hüfner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis Optical Spectra of Transparent Rare Earth Compounds by : Stefan Hüfner

Download or read book Optical Spectra of Transparent Rare Earth Compounds written by Stefan Hüfner and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Spectra of Transparent Rare Earth Compounds ...

Spectra of the Rare Earths

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Author : M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (54 download)

Book Synopsis Spectra of the Rare Earths by : M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich

Download or read book Spectra of the Rare Earths written by M. A. Elʹi︠a︡shevich and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Spectra and Energy Levels of Rare Earth Ions in Crystals

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Author : Gerhard Heinrich Dieke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

Book Synopsis Spectra and Energy Levels of Rare Earth Ions in Crystals by : Gerhard Heinrich Dieke

Download or read book Spectra and Energy Levels of Rare Earth Ions in Crystals written by Gerhard Heinrich Dieke and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium

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Author : A.K. Suri
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351448978
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

Book Synopsis Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium by : A.K. Suri

Download or read book Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium written by A.K. Suri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth and development witnessed today in modern science, engineering, and technology owes a heavy debt to the rare, refractory, and reactive metals group, of which niobium is a member. Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium presents a vivid account of the metal through its comprehensive discussions of properties and applications, resources and resource processing, chemical processing and compound preparation, metal extraction, and refining and consolidation. Typical flow sheets adopted in some leading niobium-producing countries for the beneficiation of various niobium sources are presented, and various chemical processes for producing pure forms of niobium intermediates such as chloride, fluoride, and oxide are discussed. The book also explains how to liberate the metal from its intermediates and describes the physico-chemical principles involved. It is an excellent reference for chemical metallurgists, hydrometallurgists, extraction and process metallurgists, and minerals processors. It is also valuable to a wide variety of scientists, engineers, technologists, and students interested in the topic.

Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Applications in Sensor, Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Technology

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Author : Ashok K. Vaseashta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402035624
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

Book Synopsis Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Applications in Sensor, Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Technology by : Ashok K. Vaseashta

Download or read book Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Applications in Sensor, Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Technology written by Ashok K. Vaseashta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-29 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal aim of this NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) "Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Applications in Sensor, Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Technology" was to present a contemporary overview of the field of nanostructured and advanced electronic materials. Nanotechnology is an emerging scientific field receiving significant worldwide attention. On a nanometer scale, materials or structures may possess new and unique physical properties. Some of these are now known to the scientific community, but there may well be many properties not yet known to us, rendering it as a fascinating area of research and a suitable subject for a NATO ASI. Yet another aspect of the field is the possibility for creating meta-stable phases with unconventional properties and the ultra-miniaturization of current devices, sensors, and machines. Such nanotechnological and related advanced materials have an extremely wide range of potential applications, viz. nanoscale electronics, sensors, optoelectronics, photonics, nano-biological systems, na- medicine, energy storage systems, etc. This is a wide-ranging subject area and therefore requires the formation of multi-disciplinary teams of physicists, chemists, materials scientists, engineers, molecular biologists, pharmacologists, and others to work together on the synthesis and processing of materials and structures, the understanding of their physical properties, the design and fabrication of devices, etc. Hence, in formulating our ASI, we adopted an int- disciplinary approach, bringing together recognised experts in the various fields while retaining a level of treatment accessible to those active in specific individual areas of research and development.

Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements

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Author : Bruce R. Lipin
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 1501509039
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (15 download)

Book Synopsis Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements by : Bruce R. Lipin

Download or read book Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements written by Bruce R. Lipin and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 21 of Reviews in Mineralogy treats a short course on the rare earth elements to about 80 participants in San Francisco, California, December 1-3, 1989, just prior to the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union. Contents: Cosmochemistry of the Rare Earth Elements: Condensation and Evaporation Processes Radiogenic Isotope Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements Partitioning of Rare Earth Elements between Major Silicate Minerals and Basaltic Melts An Approach to Trace Element Modeling Using a Simple Igneous System as an Example Rare Earth Elements in Upper Mantle Rocks Rare Earth Elements in Metamorphic Rocks Rare Earth Elements in Sedimentary Rocks: Influence of Provenance and Sedimentary Processes Aqueous Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements Rare Earth Elements in Lunar Materials Compositional and Phase Relations among Rare Earth Element Minerals Economic Geology of Rare Earth Minerals Cathodoluminescence Emission Spectra of Rare Earth Element Activators in Minerals

Complexes of the Rare Earths

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Author : Shyama P. Sinha
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483156796
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

Book Synopsis Complexes of the Rare Earths by : Shyama P. Sinha

Download or read book Complexes of the Rare Earths written by Shyama P. Sinha and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complexes of the Rare Earths focuses on the properties, characteristics, and reactions of rare earth complexes. The book first offers information on the complexes of rare earths and coordination through nitrogen of the donors. Discussions focus on the factors influencing the formation of complexes, phenanthroline, phthalocyanine, pyridine, quinolone, and urotropine. The text then elaborates on coordination through oxygen of the donors, including acids, alcohols, adducts, aldehydes, and ketones. The publication takes a look at coordination through both oxygen and nitrogen of the donors; coordination through atoms other than nitrogen and oxygen; and spectral characteristics of rare earths and their complexes. Topics include crystal field splitting, intensification or hypersensitivity of absorption bands, electron transfer spectra and optical electronegativity, and nephelauxetic effect. The text further ponders on luminescence of rare earths in chelates and in different environments, laser and applicability of rare earths as laser materials, and rare earths and the actinides. The book is a dependable source material for readers interested in the complexes of rare earths.

Optical Spectra of Transparent Rare Earth Compounds

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Author : S. Hufner
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323158986
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

Book Synopsis Optical Spectra of Transparent Rare Earth Compounds by : S. Hufner

Download or read book Optical Spectra of Transparent Rare Earth Compounds written by S. Hufner and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Spectra of Transparent Rare Earth Compounds investigates the optical spectra of transparent rare earth (RE) compounds such as europium chalcogenides. Emphasis is placed on the underlying physics in selected examples, and theoretical results are usually presented without proof in a form that allows their application to the interpretation of experimental data. This book is comprised of 11 chapters and begins with an overview of the spectra of RE ions in ionic crystals, paying particular attention to the sharpness of many lines in the absorption and emission spectra. How these very narrow lines arise, what interactions determine their energy, and how they can be used to investigate particular properties of the solid state are explained in detail. Subsequent chapters explore the energy structure of RE free ions in solids; trivalent RE ions in a static crystal field and in a phonon field; magnetic interactions and hyperfine interactions; and Jahn-Teller systems. The absorption spectra of europium chalcogenides are also considered, along with REs in glasses and RE lasers. This monograph is written primarily for solid state physicists and those who need an overall view of the basic features of rare earth spectra in transparent solids, such as new workers.

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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Author : Patrick Bertrand
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030396630
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

Book Synopsis Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy by : Patrick Bertrand

Download or read book Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy written by Patrick Bertrand and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although originally invented and employed by physicists, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy has proven to be a very efficient technique for studying a wide range of phenomena in many fields, such as chemistry, biochemistry, geology, archaeology, medicine, biotechnology, and environmental sciences. Acknowledging that not all studies require the same level of understanding of this technique, this book thus provides a practical treatise clearly oriented toward applications, which should be useful to students and researchers of various levels and disciplines. In this book, the principles of continuous wave EPR spectroscopy are progressively, but rigorously, introduced, with emphasis on interpretation of the collected spectra. Each chapter is followed by a section highlighting important points for applications, together with exercises solved at the end of the book. A glossary defines the main terms used in the book, and particular topics, whose knowledge is not required for understanding the main text, are developed in appendices for more inquisitive readers.

Rare Earth-Based Corrosion Inhibitors

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Author : Maria Forsyth
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857093584
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

Book Synopsis Rare Earth-Based Corrosion Inhibitors by : Maria Forsyth

Download or read book Rare Earth-Based Corrosion Inhibitors written by Maria Forsyth and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-08-12 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion inhibitors are an important method for minimizing corrosion; however traditional inhibitors such as chromates pose environmental problems. Rare earth metals provide an important, environmentally-friendly alternative. This book provides a comprehensive review of current research and examines how rare earth metals can be used to prevent corrosion and applied to protect metals in such industries as aerospace and construction. Chapter 1 begins by examining the important need to replace chromate, and then goes on to discuss the chemistry of the rare earth metals and their related compounds. Chapter 2 considers the techniques that can be used to identify corrosion inhibition mechanisms and to test the levels of protection offered to different metals by rare earth compounds. Subsequent chapters consider in more detail how rare earth elements can be used as corrosion inhibitors in different forms and for different metals. This includes discussion on the potential of rare earth elements for self-healing, tunable and multifunctional coatings. Finally, chapter 10 considers the cost and availability of the rare earths and the potential health and environmental risks associated with extracting them. - Provides a review of current research and examines how rare earth metals can be used to prevent corrosion and applied to protect metals in such industries as aerospace and construction - Includes discussion on the potential of rare earth elements for self-healing, tunable and multifunctional coatings - Considers the cost and availability of the rare earths and the potential health and environmental risks associated with extracting them

Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008054858X
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

Book Synopsis Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths by :

Download or read book Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical spectroscopy has been instrumental in the discovery of many lanthanide elements. In return, these elements have always played a prominent role in lighting devices and light conversion technologies (Auer mantles, incandescent lamps, lasers, cathode-ray and plasma displays). They are also presently used in highly sensitive luminescent bio-analyses and cell imaging. This volume of the Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths is entirely devoted to the photophysical properties of these elements. It is dedicated to the late Professor William T (Bill) Carnall who has pioneered the understanding of lanthanide spectra in the 1960's and starts with a Dedication to this scientist. The following five chapters describe various aspects of lanthanide spectroscopy and its applications. Chapters 231 presents state-of-the-art theoretical calculations of lanthanide energy levels and transition intensities. It is followed by a review (Chapter 232) on both theoretical and experimental aspects of f-d transitions, a less well known field of lanthanide spectroscopy, yet very important for the design of new optical materials. Chapter 233 describes how confinement effects act on the photophysical properties of lanthanides when they are inserted into nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanosheets, nanowires, nanotubes, insulating and semiconductor nanocrystals. The use of lanthanide chelates for biomedical analyses is presented in Chapter 234; long lifetimes of the excited states of lanthanide ions allow the use of time-resolved spectroscopy, which leads to highly sensitive analyses devoid of background effect from the autofluorescence of the samples. The last review (Chapter 235) provides a comprehensive survey of near-infrared (NIR) emitting molecular probes and devices, spanning an all range of compounds, from simple chelates to macrocyclic complexes, heterometallic functional edifices, coordination polymers and other extended structures. Applications ranging from telecommunications to light-emitting diodes and biomedical analyses are assessed.- Provides a comprehensive look at optical spectroscopy and its applications- A volume in the continuing authoritative series which deals with the chemistry, materials science, physics and technology of the rare earth elements

Lasers and Excited States of Rare Earths

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Author : Renata Reisfeld
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642666965
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

Book Synopsis Lasers and Excited States of Rare Earths by : Renata Reisfeld

Download or read book Lasers and Excited States of Rare Earths written by Renata Reisfeld and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The possibility of stimulated light emission was discussed by Einstein in 1917, eight years before the quantum-mechanical description of energy levels of many-electron systems. Though it is imperative to use samples having optical properties greatly different from the stan dard continuous spectrum of opaque objects ("black body" radia tion) it is not always necessary to restrict the study to monatomic entities. Thus, spectral lines can be obtained (in absorption and in emission) from lanthanide compounds, containing from one to thir teen 4f electrons going from trivalent cerium to ytterbium, that are nearly as sharp as the ones from gaseous atoms. However, the presence of adjacent atoms modifies the simple picture of an isolated electron configuration, and in particular, it is possible to pump excited levels efficiently by energy transfer from species with intense absorption bands, such as the inter-shell transitions of other lanthanides and of thallium(I), lead(II) and bismuth(III) or the electron transfer bands of the uranyl ion or other complexes. On the other hand, it is possible to diminuish the mUlti-phonon relaxation (competing with sharp line luminescence) by selecting vitreous or crystalline materials with low phonon energies. Obviously, one cannot circumvent the conservation of energy by lasers, but they may have unprecedented consequences for the future by allowing nuclear fusion of light elements, effects of non-linear optics and time-resolved spectroscopy, besides the more conventional applications of coherent light beams with negligible angular extension.

Spectra of the Rare Earths

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Author : M. A. El'jaševič
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (651 download)

Book Synopsis Spectra of the Rare Earths by : M. A. El'jaševič

Download or read book Spectra of the Rare Earths written by M. A. El'jaševič and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: