Green Analytical Chemistry

Download Green Analytical Chemistry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981139105X
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Green Analytical Chemistry by : Justyna Płotka-Wasylka

Download or read book Green Analytical Chemistry written by Justyna Płotka-Wasylka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explains the principles and fundamentals of Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) and highlights the current developments and future potential of the analytical green chemistry-oriented applications of various solutions. The book consists of sixteen chapters, including the history and milestones of GAC; issues related to teaching of green analytical chemistry and greening the university laboratories; evaluation of impact of analytical activities on the environmental and human health, direct techniques of detection, identification and determination of trace constituents; new achievements in the field of extraction of trace analytes from samples characterized by complex composition of the matrix; “green” nature of the derivatization process in analytical chemistry; passive techniques of sampling of analytes; green sorption materials used in analytical procedures; new types of solvents in the field of analytical chemistry. In addition green chromatography and related techniques, fast tests for assessment of the wide spectrum of pollutants in the different types of the medium, remote monitoring of environmental pollutants, qualitative and comparative evaluation, quantitative assessment, and future trends and perspectives are discussed. This book appeals to a wide readership of the academic and industrial researchers. In addition, it can be used in the classroom for undergraduate and graduate Ph.D. students focusing on elaboration of new analytical procedures for organic and inorganic compounds determination in different kinds of samples characterized by complex matrices composition.Jacek Namieśnik was a Professor at the Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Poland. Justyna Płotka-Wasylka is a teacher and researcher at the same department.

Green Analytical Chemistry

Download Green Analytical Chemistry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 178262600X
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Green Analytical Chemistry by : Mihkel Koel

Download or read book Green Analytical Chemistry written by Mihkel Koel and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns about environmental pollution, global climate change and hazards to human health have increased dramatically. This has led to a call for change in chemical processes including those that are part of chemical analysis. The development of analytical chemistry continues and every new discovery in chemistry, physics, molecular biology, and materials science brings new opportunities and challenges. Yet, contemporary analytical chemistry does not consume resources optimally. Indeed, the usage of toxic chemical compounds is at the highest rate ever. All this makes the emerging field of green chemistry a “hot topic” in industrial, governmental laboratories as well as in academia. This book starts by introducing the twelve principles of green chemistry. It then goes on to discuss how the principles of green chemistry can be used to assess the ‘greenness’ of analytical methodologies. The ‘green profile’ proposed by the ACS Green Chemistry Institute is also presented. A chapter on “Greening” sample preparation describes approaches to minimizing toxic solvent use, using non-toxic alternatives, and saving energy. The chapter on instrumental methods describes existing analytical approaches that are inherently green and making non-green methods greener. The final chapter on signal acquisition describes how quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) ideas could reduce experimental work thus making analysis greener. The book concludes with a discussion of how green chemistry is both possible and necessary. Green Analytical Chemistry is aimed at managers of analytical laboratories but will also interest teachers of analytical chemistry and green public policy makers.

Green and Sustainable Pharmacy

Download Green and Sustainable Pharmacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642051995
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Green and Sustainable Pharmacy by : Klaus Kümmerer

Download or read book Green and Sustainable Pharmacy written by Klaus Kümmerer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within recent years pharmaceuticals have come into focus as contaminants of the environment (see for example Kümmerer, K. editor: Pharmaceuticals in the Environment). At the same time the issue of sustainable chemistry gained momentum. Bringing both together would result in sustainable pharmacy. Sustainable pharmacy is a totally new issue and approach. It addresses environmental, economical and social aspects of pharmacy. In the present stage the focus will be on environmental issues along the whole lifecycle of a pharmaceutical entity. That is dealing with resources and energy input but also with waste issues for example during the synthesis and production of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Furthermore, it would also look on the compounds themselves and will aim to improve the degradability of the compounds after their use in the environment to reduce the environmental risk caused by pharmaceuticals in the environment. Another issue is the people using pharmaceuticals such as pharmacists, medical doctors and patients. How can they contribute to more efficient use of pharmaceuticals with less environmental burden and less risk for drinking water. The book "Sustainable Pharmacy" will address all these issues and will be the first one dealing with this important topic.

Integrating Green and Sustainable Chemistry Principles into Education

Download Integrating Green and Sustainable Chemistry Principles into Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128174196
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integrating Green and Sustainable Chemistry Principles into Education by : Andrew P. Dicks

Download or read book Integrating Green and Sustainable Chemistry Principles into Education written by Andrew P. Dicks and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating Green and Sustainable Chemistry Principles into Education draws on the knowledge and experience of scientists and educators already working on how to encourage green chemistry integration in their teaching, both within and outside of academia. It highlights current developments in the field and outlines real examples of green chemistry education in practice, reviewing initiatives and approaches that have already proven effective. By considering both current successes and existing barriers that must be overcome to ensure sustainability becomes part of the fabric of chemistry education, the book's authors hope to drive collaboration between disciplines and help lay the foundations for a sustainable future. - Draws on the knowledge and expertise of scientists and educators already working to encourage green chemistry integration in their teaching, both within and outside of academia - Highlights current developments in the field and outlines real examples of green chemistry education in practice, reviewing initiatives and approaches that have already proven effective - Considers both current successes and existing barriers that must be overcome to ensure sustainability

Experiments in Green and Sustainable Chemistry

Download Experiments in Green and Sustainable Chemistry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wiley-VCH
ISBN 13 : 9783527325467
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (254 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Experiments in Green and Sustainable Chemistry by : Herbert W. Roesky

Download or read book Experiments in Green and Sustainable Chemistry written by Herbert W. Roesky and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2009-06-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encouraging a new attitude and approach to chemistry, this is the first such collection designed for lab courses and experimental teaching. Experts from around the globe present over 40 real-life teaching experiments, all clearly structured and divided into the five main principles of sustainable and green chemistry: catalysis, solvents, high yield and one-pot synthesis, limiting waste and exposure, as well as special topics. With a foreword by Nobel prize winner Jean Marie Lehn.

Ecocatalysis

Download Ecocatalysis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0081004753
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ecocatalysis by : Claude Grison

Download or read book Ecocatalysis written by Claude Grison and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-08-19 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reconquest of biodiversity; remediation of degraded and anthropic areas, prevention of environmental health risks; eco-innovation; Green industry ... The current French ambitions are closely related to an interdisciplinary approach to scientific ecology, all of which participate in the expected industrial renewal.Ecocatalysis explores the unusual combination of phytotechnologies adapted to pollution, ecological rehabilitation of polluted sites and enhancement of these processes through innovative green chemistry, all of which contribute to the development of scientific priorities; economic, ecological innovation and current environmental, of biomass conversion and transition from fossil fuels to renewable.

Green Chemistry

Download Green Chemistry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780198506980
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (69 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Green Chemistry by : Paul T. Anastas

Download or read book Green Chemistry written by Paul T. Anastas and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ''As the summary of a vision, the book is brilliant. One can feel the enthusiasm of the authors throughout...I see it as a vehicle for initiating a fruitful dialogue between chemical producers and regulatory enforcers without the confrontation, which often characterizes such interactions.' ' -Martyn Poliakoff, Green Chemistry, February ' Its is an introductory text taking a broad view and intergrating a wide range of topics including synthetic methodologies, alternative solvents and catalysts, biosynthesis and alternative feedstocks. There are exercises for students and the last chapter deals with future trends' Aslib

Sustainable Industrial Chemistry

Download Sustainable Industrial Chemistry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527629122
Total Pages : 621 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sustainable Industrial Chemistry by : Fabrizio Cavani

Download or read book Sustainable Industrial Chemistry written by Fabrizio Cavani and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-22 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years the need for sustainable process design and alternative reaction routes to reduce industry?s impact on the environment has gained vital importance. The book begins with a general overview of new trends in designing industrial chemical processes which are environmentally friendly and economically feasible. Specific examples written by experts from industry cover the possibilities of running industrial chemical processes in a sustainable manner and provide an up-to-date insight into the main concerns, e.g., the use of renewable raw materials, the use of alternative energy sources in chemical processes, the design of intrinsically safe processes, microreactor and integrated reaction/ separation technologies, process intensification, waste reduction, new catalytic routes and/or solvent and process optimization.

Sustainability in Higher Education

Download Sustainability in Higher Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Chandos Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0081003757
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sustainability in Higher Education by : J. Paulo Davim

Download or read book Sustainability in Higher Education written by J. Paulo Davim and published by Chandos Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-24 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Support in higher education is an emerging area of great interest to professors, researchers and students in academic institutions. Sustainability in Higher Education provides discussions on the exchange of information between different aspects of sustainability in higher education. This book includes chapter contributions from authors who have provided case studies on various areas of education for sustainability. - Focus on sustainability - Present studies in aspects related with higher education - Explores a variety of educational aspects from an sustainable perspective

Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars

Download Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889635805
Total Pages : 910 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars by : Steve Suib

Download or read book Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars written by Steve Suib and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-04-17 with total page 910 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Frontiers in Chemistry Editorial Office team are delighted to present the inaugural “Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars” article collection, showcasing the high-quality work of internationally recognized researchers in the early stages of their independent careers. All Rising Star researchers featured within this collection were individually nominated by the Journal’s Chief Editors in recognition of their potential to influence the future directions in their respective fields. The work presented here highlights the diversity of research performed across the entire breadth of the chemical sciences, and presents advances in theory, experiment and methodology with applications to compelling problems. This Editorial features the corresponding author(s) of each paper published within this important collection, ordered by section alphabetically, highlighting them as the great researchers of the future. The Frontiers in Chemistry Editorial Office team would like to thank each researcher who contributed their work to this collection. We would also like to personally thank our Chief Editors for their exemplary leadership of this article collection; their strong support and passion for this important, community-driven collection has ensured its success and global impact. Laurent Mathey, PhD Journal Development Manager

Regulatory Toxicology

Download Regulatory Toxicology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642353734
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (537 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Regulatory Toxicology by : Franz-Xaver Reichl

Download or read book Regulatory Toxicology written by Franz-Xaver Reichl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will be written by experts for professionals, scientists and all those involved in toxicological data generation and decision-making. It is the updated and expanded version of a monograph published in German in 2004. Chemical safety is regulated on various levels including production, storage, transport, handling, disposal or labelling. This book deals comprehensively with the safety-ensuring methods and concepts employed by regulatory agencies, industry and academics. Toxicologists use experimental and scientific approaches for data collection, e.g. about chemical hazards, physicochemical features or toxicokinetics. The respective experimental methods are described in the book. Toxicologists also deal with much insecurity in the exposure and effect scenarios during risk assessment. To overcome these, they have different extrapolation methods and estimation procedures at their disposal. The book describes these methods in an accessible manner. Differing concepts from one regulation area to another are also covered. Reasons and consequences become evident when reading the book. Altogether, the book Regulatory Toxicology will serve as an excellent reference.

Sustainable Green Chemical Processes and their Allied Applications

Download Sustainable Green Chemical Processes and their Allied Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030422844
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sustainable Green Chemical Processes and their Allied Applications by : Inamuddin

Download or read book Sustainable Green Chemical Processes and their Allied Applications written by Inamuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-30 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urbanization, industrialization, and unethical agricultural practices have considerably negative effects on the environment, flora, fauna, and the health and safety of humanity. Over the last decade, green chemistry research has focused on discovering and utilizing safer, more environmentally friendly processes to synthesize products like organic compounds, inorganic compounds, medicines, proteins, enzymes, and food supplements. These green processes exist in other interdisciplinary fields of science and technology, like chemistry, physics, biology, and biotechnology, Still the majority of processes in these fields use and generate toxic raw materials, resulting in techniques and byproducts which damage the environment. Green chemistry principles, alternatively, consider preventing waste generation altogether, the atom economy, using less toxic raw materials and solvents, and opting for reducing environmentally damaging byproducts through energy efficiency. Green chemistry is, therefore, the most important field relating to the sustainable development of resources without harmfully impacting the environment. This book provides in-depth research on the use of green chemistry principles for a number of applications.

Sustainable Solutions for Modern Economies

Download Sustainable Solutions for Modern Economies PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1847552684
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (475 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sustainable Solutions for Modern Economies by : Rainer Hofer

Download or read book Sustainable Solutions for Modern Economies written by Rainer Hofer and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2009-11-20 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limited supplies of fossil fuels and concerns about global warming have created a strong desire to solve the resource issue in the age "beyond petroleum". This reference book, from the "Green Chemistry Series", contains the essential areas of green chemistry and sustainability in modern economies. It is the first book to outline the contribution of chemistry, and of renewable chemical or biological resources, to the sustainability concept and to the potential resolution of the world's energy problems. It describes the current status of technical research, and industrial application, as well as the potential of biomass as a renewable resource for energy generation in power stations, as alternative fuels, and for various uses in chemistry. It outlines the historical routes of the sustainability concept and specifies sustainability in metrics, facts and figures. The book is written by European experts from academia, industry and investment banking who are world leaders in research and technology regarding sustainability, alternative energies and renewable resources. The sustainability aspects covered include: * consumer behaviour and demands, lifestyles and mega trends, and their impact on innovation in the industry * consumer industry requirements and their impact on suppliers * emerging paradigm changes in raw material demand, availability, sourcing, and logistics * the contribution of the industry to restore the life support systems of the Earth * socially responsible banking and investment * sustainability metrics The book highlights the potential of the different forms of renewable raw materials including: * natural fats and oils * plant-based biologically active ingredients * industrial starch * sucrose * natural rubber * wood * natural fibres It also covers the actual status of biomass usage for green energy generation, green transportation, green chemistry and sustainable nutrition and consumer goods, and it depicts the potentials of green solvents and white biotechnology for modern synthesis and manufacturing technologies. The book is aimed at technical and marketing people in industry, universities and institutions as well as readers in administrations and NGOs. The book will also be of value to the worldwide public interested in sustainability issues and strategies as well as others interested in the practical means that are being used to reduce the environmental impact of chemical processes and products, to further eco-efficiency, and to advance the utilization of renewable resources.

Alternative Solvents for Green Chemistry

Download Alternative Solvents for Green Chemistry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1782626131
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Alternative Solvents for Green Chemistry by : Francesca Kerton

Download or read book Alternative Solvents for Green Chemistry written by Francesca Kerton and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everyone is becoming more environmentally conscious and therefore, chemical processes are being developed with their environmental burden in mind. This also means that more traditional chemical methods are being replaced with new innovations and this includes new solvents. Solvents are everywhere, but how necessary are they? They are used in most areas including synthetic chemistry, analytical chemistry, pharmaceutical production and processing, the food and flavour industry and the materials and coatings sectors. However, the principles of green chemistry guide us to use less of them, or to use safer, more environmentally friendly solvents if they are essential. Therefore, we should always ask ourselves, do we really need a solvent? Green chemistry, as a relatively new sub-discipline, is a rapidly growing field of research. Alternative solvents - including supercritical fluids and room temperature ionic liquids - form a significant portion of research in green chemistry. This is in part due to the hazards of many conventional solvents (e.g. toxicity and flammability) and the significant contribution that solvents make to the waste generated in many chemical processes. Solvents are important in analytical chemistry, product purification, extraction and separation technologies, and also in the modification of materials. Therefore, in order to make chemistry more sustainable in these fields, a knowledge of alternative, greener solvents is important. This book, which is part of a green chemistry series, uses examples that tie in with the 12 principles of green chemistry e.g. atom efficient reactions in benign solvents and processing of renewable chemicals/materials in green solvents. Readers get an overview of the many different kinds of solvents, written in such a way to make the book appropriate to newcomers to the field and prepare them for the 'green choices' available. The book also removes some of the mystique associated with 'alternative solvent' choices and includes information on solvents in different fields of chemistry such as analytical and materials chemistry in addition to catalysis and synthesis. The latest research developments, not covered elsewhere, are included such as switchable solvents and biosolvents. Also, some important areas that are often overlooked are described such as naturally sourced solvents (including ethanol and ethyl lactate) and liquid polymers (including poly(ethyleneglycol) and poly(dimethylsiloxane)). As well as these additional alternative solvents being included, the book takes a more general approach to solvents, not just focusing on the use of solvents in synthetic chemistry. Applications of solvents in areas such as analysis are overviewed in addition to the more widely recognised uses of alternative solvents in organic synthesis. Unfortunately, as the book shows, there is no universal green solvent and readers must ascertain their best options based on prior chemistry, cost, environmental benefits and other factors. It is important to try and minimize the number of solvent changes in a chemical process and therefore, the importance of solvents in product purification, extraction and separation technologies are highlighted. The book is aimed at newcomers to the field whether research students beginning investigations towards their thesis or industrial researchers curious to find out if an alternative solvent would be suitable in their work.

Green and Sustainable Advanced Materials, Volume 2

Download Green and Sustainable Advanced Materials, Volume 2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119528488
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Green and Sustainable Advanced Materials, Volume 2 by : Shakeel Ahmed

Download or read book Green and Sustainable Advanced Materials, Volume 2 written by Shakeel Ahmed and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable development is a very prevalent concept of modern society. This concept has appeared as a critical force in combining a special focus on development and growth by maintaining a balance of using human resources and the ecosystem in which we are living. The development of new and advanced materials is one of the powerful examples in establishing this concept. Green and sustainable advanced materials are the newly synthesized material or existing modified material having superior and special properties. These fulfil today’s growing demand for equipment, machines and devices with better quality for an extensive range of applications in various sectors such as paper, biomedical, textile, and much more. Volume 2, provides chapters on the valorization of green and sustainable advanced materials from a biomedical perspective as well as the applications in textile technology, optoelectronics, energy materials systems, and the food and agriculture industry.

The Periodic Table of the Elements of Green and Sustainable Chemistry

Download The Periodic Table of the Elements of Green and Sustainable Chemistry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781734546309
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (463 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Periodic Table of the Elements of Green and Sustainable Chemistry by : Julie B. Zimmerman

Download or read book The Periodic Table of the Elements of Green and Sustainable Chemistry written by Julie B. Zimmerman and published by . This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of Green and Sustainable Chemistry has demonstrated its ability to address some of greatest challenges as outlined by the United Nations Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). The many aspects of Green and Sustainable Chemistry have been presented in the format of the Periodic Table of the Elements in order to illustrate the importance of each of the types of contributions. The book presents the Humanitarian Elements that underlie the reasons that drive the field of Green and Sustainable Chemistry, the scientific and technological elements of green chemistry and engineering the manifest the discovery and invention of new sustainable technologies, the Enabling Systems Conditions that allow sustainable solutions to go to scale, and the Noble Elements that are the vision for the sustainable world we strive for.

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

Download Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000711293
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology by : Satish A. Dake

Download or read book Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology written by Satish A. Dake and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-23 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this new volume brings together innovative research, new concepts, and novel developments in the application of new tools in green chemistry and sustainable technology. The diverse coverage includes chapters on ionic liquids as green solvents, an environmentally friendly approach to the synthesis and biological evaluation of α-aminophosphonate derivatives, the application of nanotechnology in biological sciences and green chemistry, eco-friendly polymers, the effect of global warming and greenhouse gases on environmental system, and more.