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Spatial Vision In Humans And Robots
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Book Synopsis Spatial Vision in Humans and Robots by : Laurence Harris
Download or read book Spatial Vision in Humans and Robots written by Laurence Harris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A book of great interest both to biological researchers and also to designers of robots and computer vision systems.
Book Synopsis Spatial vision in humans and robots by :
Download or read book Spatial vision in humans and robots written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Active Vision and Perception in Human-Robot Collaboration by : Dimitri Ognibene
Download or read book Active Vision and Perception in Human-Robot Collaboration written by Dimitri Ognibene and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-07 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Visual Perception for Robotic Spatial Understanding by : Jason Owens
Download or read book Visual Perception for Robotic Spatial Understanding written by Jason Owens and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COPY AND PASTE ABSTRACT FROM PROQUEST.
Book Synopsis Visual Perception for Humanoid Robots by : David Israel González Aguirre
Download or read book Visual Perception for Humanoid Robots written by David Israel González Aguirre and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of model-based environmental visual perception for humanoid robots. The visual perception of a humanoid robot creates a bidirectional bridge connecting sensor signals with internal representations of environmental objects. The objective of such perception systems is to answer two fundamental questions: What & where is it? To answer these questions using a sensor-to-representation bridge, coordinated processes are conducted to extract and exploit cues matching robot’s mental representations to physical entities. These include sensor & actuator modeling, calibration, filtering, and feature extraction for state estimation. This book discusses the following topics in depth: • Active Sensing: Robust probabilistic methods for optimal, high dynamic range image acquisition are suitable for use with inexpensive cameras. This enables ideal sensing in arbitrary environmental conditions encountered in human-centric spaces. The book quantitatively shows the importance of equipping robots with dependable visual sensing. • Feature Extraction & Recognition: Parameter-free, edge extraction methods based on structural graphs enable the representation of geometric primitives effectively and efficiently. This is done by eccentricity segmentation providing excellent recognition even on noisy & low-resolution images. Stereoscopic vision, Euclidean metric and graph-shape descriptors are shown to be powerful mechanisms for difficult recognition tasks. • Global Self-Localization & Depth Uncertainty Learning: Simultaneous feature matching for global localization and 6D self-pose estimation are addressed by a novel geometric and probabilistic concept using intersection of Gaussian spheres. The path from intuition to the closed-form optimal solution determining the robot location is described, including a supervised learning method for uncertainty depth modeling based on extensive ground-truth training data from a motion capture system. The methods and experiments are presented in self-contained chapters with comparisons and the state of the art. The algorithms were implemented and empirically evaluated on two humanoid robots: ARMAR III-A & B. The excellent robustness, performance and derived results received an award at the IEEE conference on humanoid robots and the contributions have been utilized for numerous visual manipulation tasks with demonstration at distinguished venues such as ICRA, CeBIT, IAS, and Automatica.
Book Synopsis Spatial Vision by : Russell L. DeValois
Download or read book Spatial Vision written by Russell L. DeValois and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1990-08-09 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents an integrated view of how we perceive the spatial relations in our visual world, covering anatomical, physiological, psychophysical, and perceptual aspects. The authors discuss the visual system primarily in terms of spatial frequency analysis using a linear systems approach. They review evidence supporting a local, patch-by-patch spatial frequency filtering of visual information rather than the global Fourier analysis other researchers have proposed. A separate chapter addresses the special issues surrounding color vision, and a brief, nonmathematical introduction to linear systems analysis is included for the uninitiated reader.
Book Synopsis Robot Spatial Perception by Stereoscopic Vision and 3D Evidence Grids by : Hans P. Moravec
Download or read book Robot Spatial Perception by Stereoscopic Vision and 3D Evidence Grids written by Hans P. Moravec and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "Very encouraging results have been obtained from a new program that derives a dense three-dimensional evidence grid representation of a robot's surroundings from wide-angle stereoscopic images. The program adds several spatial rays of evidence to a grid for each of about 2,500 local image features chosen per stereo pair. It was used to construct a 256 x 256 x 64 grid, representing 6 by 6 by 2 meters, from a hand-collected test set of twenty stereo image pairs of an office scene. Fifty nine stereo pairs of an 8 by 8 meter laboratory were also processed. The positive (probably occupied) cells of the grids, viewed in perspective, resemble dollhouse scenes. Details as small as the curvature of chair armrests are discernible. The processing time, on a 100 MIPS Sparc 20, is less than 5 seconds per stereo pair, and total memory is under 16 megabytes. The results seem abundantly adequate for very reliable navigation of freely roaming mobile robots, and plausibly adequate for shape idenfication of objects bigger than 10 centimeters. The program is a first proof of concept, and awaits optimizations, enhancements, variations, extensions and applications."
Download or read book Motion Understanding written by W. Bach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physical processes which initiate and maintain motion have been a major concern of serious investigation throughout the evolution of scientific thought. As early as the fifth century B. C. questions regarding motion were presented as touchstones for the most fundamental concepts about existence. Such wide ranging philosophical issues are beyond the scope of this book, however, consider the paradox of the flying arrow attri buted to Zeno of Elea: An arrow is shot from point A to point B requiring a sequence of time instants to traverse the distance. Now, for any time instant, T, of the sequence the arrow is at a position, Pi' and at Ti+! the i arrow is at Pi+i> with Pi ::I-P+• Clearly, each Ti must be a singular time i 1 unit at which the arrow is at rest at Pi because if the arrow were moving during Ti there would be a further sequence, Til' of time instants required for the arrow to traverse the smaller distance. Now, regardless of the level to which this recursive argument is applied, one is left with the flight of the arrow comprising a sequence of positions at which the arrow is at rest. The original intent of presenting this paradox has been interpreted to be as an argument against the possibility of individuated objects moving in space.
Download or read book Spatial Vision written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Active Perception and Robot Vision by : Arun K. Sood
Download or read book Active Perception and Robot Vision written by Arun K. Sood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligent robotics has become the focus of extensive research activity. This effort has been motivated by the wide variety of applications that can benefit from the developments. These applications often involve mobile robots, multiple robots working and interacting in the same work area, and operations in hazardous environments like nuclear power plants. Applications in the consumer and service sectors are also attracting interest. These applications have highlighted the importance of performance, safety, reliability, and fault tolerance. This volume is a selection of papers from a NATO Advanced Study Institute held in July 1989 with a focus on active perception and robot vision. The papers deal with such issues as motion understanding, 3-D data analysis, error minimization, object and environment modeling, object detection and recognition, parallel and real-time vision, and data fusion. The paradigm underlying the papers is that robotic systems require repeated and hierarchical application of the perception-planning-action cycle. The primary focus of the papers is the perception part of the cycle. Issues related to complete implementations are also discussed.
Book Synopsis Unifying Perspectives in Computational and Robot Vision by : Danica Kragic
Download or read book Unifying Perspectives in Computational and Robot Vision written by Danica Kragic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-06 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assembled in this volume is a collection of some of the state-of-the-art methods that are using computer vision and machine learning techniques as applied in robotic applications. Currently there is a gap between research conducted in the computer vision and robotics communities. This volume discusses contrasting viewpoints of computer vision vs. robotics, and provides current and future challenges discussed from a research perspective.
Book Synopsis Spatial, Temporal, and Morphological Perspectives by : Chenyan Wu
Download or read book Spatial, Temporal, and Morphological Perspectives written by Chenyan Wu and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced significant transformation over the past decade, influencing a multitude of sectors and subsequently reshaping our industrial, economic, and societal frameworks. One outstanding application in this evolution is ChatGPT, stemming from the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). This technology has been successfully integrated into programming assistance, education, brainstorming, etc., notably enhancing workforce efficiency. Concurrently, several promising computer vision (CV) applications--including autonomous driving, intelligent household robots, and AI medical diagnostics--are still in their developmental stages, with aspirations to reach milestones analogous to those accomplished by ChatGPT. Considering the mechanisms behind the above three CV applications, each requires collaborative interactions with humans. Thus, for these systems to gain widespread adoption, it is crucial that they deeply understand visual data depicting humans. This dissertation is dedicated to the analysis of such data, exploring it through three distinct perspectives: spatial and temporal, for the human body, and morphological, for organs. The human body can be conceptualized as a geometric entity in 3-D space. This dissertation begins with examining a primary spatial attribute of the human body: its orientation relative to the camera's perspective. Through building the most comprehensive human orientation dataset to date and developing a robust neural network, we achieve admirable results in estimating human orientation. Subsequently, we advance the spatial representation of human bodies to its utmost extent, aiming to reconstruct every human mesh within a single image. Instead of the conventional methods that depend on learning image features, we construct coherent multi-human meshes utilizing solely multi-human 2-D poses as input, processed through a single graph neural network. Surprisingly, this simple network, despite its minimal input information, performs comparable or even better than previous image-based approaches across various benchmarks. Such results indicate significant potential for future image-based approaches. Additionally, we investigate the human body from a temporal perspective. As human bodies move over time, static human images evolve into videos depicting human motion. To study human motion, we construct a highly precise video dataset focusing on human motor elements and propose a Transformer network to represent these elements. Our findings further demonstrate that the features derived from human motion can significantly improve comprehension in Bodily Expressed Emotion Understanding (BEEU), thereby setting a new state-of-the-art in BEEU. The aforementioned spatial-temporal characteristics do not account for human organs' detailed appearances and textures. This detailed visual information differentiates individuals and plays a vital role in AI medical diagnosis. Lastly, this dissertation employs segmentation methodologies to analyze the morphological characterizations of a specific human organ--the placenta. In sum, our research highlights the profound potential of AI in understanding the visual data of humans, paving the way for innovative applications and enhanced human-machine collaboration.
Book Synopsis Human-Robot Interactions in Future Military Operations by : Florian Jentsch
Download or read book Human-Robot Interactions in Future Military Operations written by Florian Jentsch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soldier-robot teams will be an important component of future battle spaces, creating a complex but potentially more survivable and effective combat force. The complexity of the battlefield of the future presents its own problems. The variety of robotic systems and the almost infinite number of possible military missions create a dilemma for researchers who wish to predict human-robot interactions (HRI) performance in future environments. Human-Robot Interactions in Future Military Operations provides an opportunity for scientists investigating military issues related to HRI to present their results cohesively within a single volume. The issues range from operators interacting with small ground robots and aerial vehicles to supervising large, near-autonomous vehicles capable of intelligent battlefield behaviors. The ability of the human to 'team' with intelligent unmanned systems in such environments is the focus of the volume. As such, chapters are written by recognized leaders within their disciplines and they discuss their research in the context of a broad-based approach. Therefore the book allows researchers from differing disciplines to be brought up to date on both theoretical and methodological issues surrounding human-robot interaction in military environments. The overall objective of this volume is to illuminate the challenges and potential solutions for military HRI through discussion of the many approaches that have been utilized in order to converge on a better understanding of this relatively complex concept. It should be noted that many of these issues will generalize to civilian applications as robotic technology matures. An important outcome is the focus on developing general human-robot teaming principles and guidelines to help both the human factors design and training community develop a better understanding of this nascent but revolutionary technology. Much of the research within the book is based on the Human Research and Engineering Directorate (HRED), U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) 5-year Army Technology Objective (ATO) research program. The program addressed HRI and teaming for both aerial and ground robotic assets in conjunction with the U.S. Army Tank and Automotive Research and Development Center (TARDEC) and the Aviation and Missile Development Center (AMRDEC) The purpose of the program was to understand HRI issues in order to develop and evaluate technologies to improve HRI battlefield performance for Future Combat Systems (FCS). The work within this volume goes beyond the research results to encapsulate the ATO's findings and discuss them in a broader context in order to understand both their military and civilian implications. For this reason, scientists conducting related research have contributed additional chapters to widen the scope of the original research boundaries.
Book Synopsis Active Vision for Scene Understanding by : Grotz, Markus
Download or read book Active Vision for Scene Understanding written by Grotz, Markus and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual perception is one of the most important sources of information for both humans and robots. A particular challenge is the acquisition and interpretation of complex unstructured scenes. This work contributes to active vision for humanoid robots. A semantic model of the scene is created, which is extended by successively changing the robot's view in order to explore interaction possibilities of the scene.
Book Synopsis Advances in Human-Robot Interaction by : Erwin Prassler
Download or read book Advances in Human-Robot Interaction written by Erwin Prassler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-10-27 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Advances in Human-Robot Interaction" provides a unique collection of recent research in human-robot interaction. It covers the basic important research areas ranging from multi-modal interfaces, interpretation, interaction, learning, or motion coordination to topics such as physical interaction, systems, and architectures. The book addresses key issues of human-robot interaction concerned with perception, modelling, control, planning and cognition, covering a wide spectrum of applications. This includes interaction and communication with robots in manufacturing environments and the collaboration and co-existence with assistive robots in domestic environments. Among the presented examples are a robotic bartender, a new programming paradigm for a cleaning robot, or an approach to interactive teaching of a robot assistant in manufacturing environment. This carefully edited book reports on contributions from leading German academic institutions and industrial companies brought together within MORPHA, a 4 year project on interaction and communication between humans and anthropomorphic robot assistants.
Book Synopsis Robotic Vision: Technologies for Machine Learning and Vision Applications by : Garcia-Rodriguez, Jose
Download or read book Robotic Vision: Technologies for Machine Learning and Vision Applications written by Garcia-Rodriguez, Jose and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robotic systems consist of object or scene recognition, vision-based motion control, vision-based mapping, and dense range sensing, and are used for identification and navigation. As these computer vision and robotic connections continue to develop, the benefits of vision technology including savings, improved quality, reliability, safety, and productivity are revealed. Robotic Vision: Technologies for Machine Learning and Vision Applications is a comprehensive collection which highlights a solid framework for understanding existing work and planning future research. This book includes current research on the fields of robotics, machine vision, image processing and pattern recognition that is important to applying machine vision methods in the real world.
Book Synopsis Machine Learning Methods for High-Level Cognitive Capabilities in Robotics by : Emre Ugur
Download or read book Machine Learning Methods for High-Level Cognitive Capabilities in Robotics written by Emre Ugur and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-24 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
