South African Health Review 2002

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Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309092116
Total Pages : 753 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life by : National Research Council

Download or read book Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-16 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good-or equally poor-health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations. Selection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.

Epidemics

Author : Howard Phillips
Publisher : Ohio University Press
ISBN 13 : 0821444425
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Epidemics by : Howard Phillips

Download or read book Epidemics written by Howard Phillips and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-12 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first history of epidemics in South Africa, lethal episodes that significantly shaped this society over three centuries. Focusing on five devastating diseases between 1713 and today—smallpox, bubonic plague, “Spanish influenza,” polio, and HIV/AIDS—the book probes their origins, their catastrophic courses, and their consequences in both the short and long terms. The impacts of these epidemics ranged from the demographic—the “Spanish flu,” for instance, claimed the lives of six percent of the country’s population in six weeks—to the political, the social, the economic, the spiritual, the psychological, and the cultural. Moreover, as each of these epidemics occurred at crucial moments in the country’s history—such as during the South African War and World War I—the book also examines how these processes affected and were affected by the five epidemics. To those who read this book, history will not look the same again.

Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Fighting the Diseases of Poverty

Author : Philip Stevens
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351519905
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Fighting the Diseases of Poverty by : Philip Stevens

Download or read book Fighting the Diseases of Poverty written by Philip Stevens and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public discussion of global healthcare issues is dominated by those who believe that top-down, government-driven interventions are the solution to the myriad health problems suffered by people in less developed countries. This thinking is responsible for a plethora of harmful policies, ranging from a drive towards socialized healthcare systems, to calls for the centralization and semi-nationalization of pharmaceutical research and development, to impractical but grandiose UN-sponsored schemes for tackling HIV/AIDS and malaria.In spite of the abysmal track record of top-down approaches, non-governmental organizations and UN agencies continue to promote them, to the detriment of the private sector, economic development, and human health. The resulting politicization of diseases such as HIV/AIDS has led to a diversion of resources away from more easily treatable diseases that affect more people. Meanwhile, cost-effective and simple interventions such as vaccination are being subordinated to other more politically correct diseases.This centralizing mindset has also resulted in many governments in less developed countries attempting to plan and control universal healthcare systems, which has encouraged rationing, inequitable access, and entrenched corruption. It has also seriously undermined the effectiveness of overseas development aid. Moreover, the politicization of diseases such as HIV/AIDS has led to a diversion of resources away from more easily treatable diseases that affect more people. As a result, cost-effective and simple interventions are neglected by donors.There has to date been little public discussion of the role of markets and their underlying institutions--property rights and the rule of law--in improving human health. Economic growth and globalization has led to unprecedented improvements in human health. The challenge is to enable the poorest countries to take part more fully in this process. This work demonstrates how current

Health and Health Care in South Africa

Author : H. C. J. Van Rensburg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Health and Health Care in South Africa by : H. C. J. Van Rensburg

Download or read book Health and Health Care in South Africa written by H. C. J. Van Rensburg and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health and healthcare in South Africa attempts to capture the essence of transformation and trends in the South African health sector. It offers, on the one hand, an overview of recent and current developments in the South African health care system, and on the other, of trends in the health status of the South African population. The book is a follow-up to the well-known Health care in South Africa - structure and dynamics (Van Rensburg, Fourie & Pretorius 1992), published just before the transition to a democratic society. The book retains a strong historical thread, but the focus is generally on the nature of the transformation process, gains made and failures encountered.

State of the Nation

Author : Sakhela Buhlungu
Publisher : HSRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780796921666
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (216 download)

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Book Synopsis State of the Nation by : Sakhela Buhlungu

Download or read book State of the Nation written by Sakhela Buhlungu and published by HSRC Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State of the Nation: South Africa 2007 offers 22 diverse angles on contemporary South Africa in one compelling and comprehensive collection. The politics section focuses on the outcome of the 2006 local government elections and issues of service delivery. The economy section examines the rapidly growing social welfare net, the state of our public health systems, and the topics of water and the environment, heritage and tourism. Violence against women, prison reform, the plight of South Africa's former guerrilla fighters, transformation in South African rugby and the post-apartheid role of the church all come under the spotlight in the society section. The volume concludes with a look at trends in the continuing involvement of South African business on the African continent, South Africa's part in the complex search for peace and stability in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the life of the vast Zimbabwean exile community in South Africa.

We Are the Poors

Author : Ashwin Desai
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1583670505
Total Pages : 157 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (836 download)

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Book Synopsis We Are the Poors by : Ashwin Desai

Download or read book We Are the Poors written by Ashwin Desai and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2002-04 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We Are the Poors follows the growth of the most unexpected of these community movements, beginning in one township of Durban, linking up with community and labor struggles in other parts of the country, and coming together in massive anti-government protests at the time of the UN World Conference Against Racism in 2001. It describes from the inside how the downtrodden regain their dignity and create hope for a better future in the face of a neoliberal onslaught, and shows the human faces of the struggle against the corporate model of globalization in a Third World country."--Jacket.

HIV/AIDS in South Africa

Author : S. S. Abdool Karim
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781139487931
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (879 download)

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Book Synopsis HIV/AIDS in South Africa by : S. S. Abdool Karim

Download or read book HIV/AIDS in South Africa written by S. S. Abdool Karim and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-17 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the book provides up-to-date information on new drugs, new proven HIV prevention interventions, a new chapter on positive prevention, and current HIV epidemiology. This definitive text covers all aspects of HIV/AIDS in South Africa, from basic science to medicine, sociology, economics and politics. It has been written by a highly respected team of South African HIV/AIDS experts and provides a thoroughly researched account of the epidemic in the region.

Tackling Environmental Health Inequalities in a South African City?

Author : Rob Couch
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000903079
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Tackling Environmental Health Inequalities in a South African City? by : Rob Couch

Download or read book Tackling Environmental Health Inequalities in a South African City? written by Rob Couch and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-05-03 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Africa is widely recognised as a middle-income, industrialised nation, but it also ranks amongst the most unequal countries in the world in terms of its income distribution and human development. Environmental health remains a considerable public health challenge in the 21st century as Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs) try to tackle local environmental health inequalities in the face of historically disadvantaged populations suspicious of their motives and demands that far exceed any resources available. Based on an empirical research project that explores how local government Environmental Health Practitioners regulate environmental health in one of South Africa’s largest, fastest growing and most unequal cities, Urbington, this book explores the many influences on their decision-making including the limits of the law, organisational controls, the views of EHPs themselves and their relations with businesses, communities, politicians and others. Tackling Environmental Health Inequalities in a South African City? argues that if we are to meet the environmental health challenges of the 21st century, it is in our best interests to rediscover this vital local public health workforce. This book is essential reading for students, practitioners and policymakers in environmental health and public health, as well as those interested in urban development and policy, particularly in African cities.

Disease and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author : Dean T. Jamison
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821363980
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Disease and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Dean T. Jamison

Download or read book Disease and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current data and trends in morbidity and mortality for the sub-Saharan Region as presented in this new edition reflect the heavy toll that HIV/AIDS has had on health indicators, leading to either a stalling or reversal of the gains made, not just for communicable disorders, but for cancers, as well as mental and neurological disorders.

The HIV Pandemic

Author : Peter Piot
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191574767
Total Pages : 840 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The HIV Pandemic by : Peter Piot

Download or read book The HIV Pandemic written by Peter Piot and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-12-14 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As we approach the 25th anniversary of the first recognition of HIV/AIDS in 1981, this book reflects on the international impact of the disease. It has persistently remained a global issue, with more than 50 million people worldwide estimated to have been infected since that date. This ambitious book, written by 165 authors from 30 countries, offers a multi-country comparative study that examines how the response to the common, global threat of HIV is shaped by the history, culture, institutions and health systems of the individual countries affected. Increasingly the shift of health systems has been from prevention only as the main containment strategy, to a strategy that includes scaling up HIV treatment, and care and prevention services, including antiretroviral therapy. Thus, all parts of the health system must be involved; policy makers, healthcare professionals and users of the services have been forced to think differently about how services are financed, how resources are allocated, how systems are structured and organized, how services are delivered to patients, and how the resulting activity is monitored and evaluated in order to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, equity and acceptability of the response. This book is unique in attempting to describe and assess a range of responses across the globe by situating them within the characteristics of each country and its health system. Most chapters combine a health policy expert with an HIV specialist, allowing both a 'top down' health system approach and a 'bottom up' HIV-specific perspective. There are thematic and analytical sections, which provide an overview and some suggestions for solutions to the most serious outstanding issues, and chapters which analyse specific country and organisational responses. There is no perfect health system, but the evidence provided here allows the sharing of knowledge, and a opportunity to assess the impact and reactions, to an epidemic that must be considered a long term issue.

The World Health Report 2002

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789241562072
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The World Health Report 2002 by : World Health Organization

Download or read book The World Health Report 2002 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2002 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is living dangerously - either because it has little choice or because it is making the wrong choices -- Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland WHO Director-General

The National Household HIV Prevalence and Risk Survey of South African Children

Author : Heather Brookes
Publisher : HSRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780796920553
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis The National Household HIV Prevalence and Risk Survey of South African Children by : Heather Brookes

Download or read book The National Household HIV Prevalence and Risk Survey of South African Children written by Heather Brookes and published by HSRC Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Household HIV Prevalence and Risk Survey of South African Children forms part of the Nelson Mandela/HSRC Study of HIV/AIDS: South African National HIV Prevalence, Behavioural Risks and Mass Media Household Survey 2002. This report provides information on HIV prevalence, orphanhood, risk factors for HIV infection and knowledge of HIV/AIDS among South African children. A total of 3 988 children aged 2 to 18 years participated in the survey. Caregivers of 2 138 children 2 to 11 years of of age answered a questionnaire on the child's behalf. A total of 740 children 12 to 14 years of age directly answered a separate questionnaire. An additional 1 110 children and between 15 and 18 years of age answered a youth questionnaire. Of the 3 988 children, 3 294 (82.6 per cent) provided a saliva specimen for HIV testing. The results show HIV prevalence among children 2 to 18 years of age to be 5.4 per cent. Prevalence was nearly constant across age groups and did not vary significantly. There were insufficient numbers to compare prevalence across race groups. The prevalence was higher than expected. Further studies are necessary to verify this finding.

The Mail & Guardian A-Z of South African Politics

Author : Paul Stober
Publisher : Jacana Media
ISBN 13 : 9781770090231
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mail & Guardian A-Z of South African Politics by : Paul Stober

Download or read book The Mail & Guardian A-Z of South African Politics written by Paul Stober and published by Jacana Media. This book was released on 2004 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The A-Z of South African Politics 2004 is an essential and entertaining guide for navigating the corridors of power in South Africa today. Written by Mail & Guardian reporters and other experts associated with the award-winning newspaper, the book will give readers an under-the-skin look at the country's political movers and shakers. Three previous editions of the A-Z of SA Politics have been best sellers. The M&G decided to compile a fourth edition after continual requests by readers and booksellers for another edition looking at who's in, who's out and who's important in South African political life - and what it means for the rest of us. This lively reference work covers national government, judges, priests and premiers -- and those people, out of government, whom it would be folly to ignore.

A History of Inequality in South Africa, 1652-2002

Author : Sampie Terreblanche
Publisher : University of Kwazulu Natal Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Inequality in South Africa, 1652-2002 by : Sampie Terreblanche

Download or read book A History of Inequality in South Africa, 1652-2002 written by Sampie Terreblanche and published by University of Kwazulu Natal Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is an anlaysis of economic relations in South Africa. It analyses the work of numerous historians on inequality and exploitation in South Africa around a single theme: the systematic and progressive economic exploitation of Indigenous people by settler groups. Second, the author argues that, despite South Africa's transition to democracy, its society is as unequal - if not more so - than before.

Diagnostics for Tuberculosis

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241563303
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Diagnostics for Tuberculosis by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Diagnostics for Tuberculosis written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year there are 8.8 million new active cases and nearly two million deaths worldwide from tuberculosis (about 5,000 every day), mostly in the poorest communities of the developing world. One third of the world's population has latent TB which may later develop into an active form of the disease, and it has also become the leading cause of death among people with HIV. Multidrug-resistance is also a growing problem. A key challenge for the public health community is to be able to effectively diagnose patients so that valuable resources and medicines are not wasted on misdiagnosis and repeat treatments. This report, written by an international network of researchers and policy experts, examines the global market for TB diagnostics available for active disease, latent infection, drug resistance and treatment response. It provides a sound basis for diagnostics development suitable for various levels of health systems in industrialised and developing countries.

UN Millennium Development Library: Coming to Grips with Malaria in the New Millennium

Author : UN Millennium Project
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1136550623
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis UN Millennium Development Library: Coming to Grips with Malaria in the New Millennium by : UN Millennium Project

Download or read book UN Millennium Development Library: Coming to Grips with Malaria in the New Millennium written by UN Millennium Project and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Millennium Development Goals, adopted at the UN Millennium Summit in 2000, are the world's targets for dramatically reducing extreme poverty in its many dimensions by 2015 income poverty, hunger, disease, exclusion, lack of infrastructure and shelter while promoting gender equality, education, health and environmental sustainability. These bold goals can be met in all parts of the world if nations follow through on their commitments to work together to meet them. Achieving the Millennium Development Goals offers the prospect of a more secure, just, and prosperous world for all. The UN Millennium Project was commissioned by United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan to develop a practical plan of action to meet the Millennium Development Goals. As an independent advisory body directed by Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs, the UN Millennium Project submitted its recommendations to the UN Secretary General in January 2005. The core of the UN Millennium Project's work has been carried out by 10 thematic Task Forces comprising more than 250 experts from around the world, including scientists, development practitioners, parliamentarians, policymakers, and representatives from civil society, UN agencies, the World Bank, the IMF, and the private sector. Coming to Grips with Malaria in the New Millennium presents an innovative strategic framework for relieving the burden that malaria imposes on society through the implementation of tried and tested anti-malarial interventions designed to improve health nationally and to promote economic development locally. Recommendations include early diagnosis, treatment with effective anti-malarial medicines, the use of insecticide treated nets, indoor residual spraying, managing the environment, improving housing, extending health education and improving monitoring and evaluation systems.