Sorbent Utilization Studies Using A Mini Pilot Spray Dryer Final Report 1 September 1992 31 August 1993

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Sorbent Utilization Studies Using a Mini-pilot Spray Dryer. Final Report, 1 September 1992--31 August 1993

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Sorbent Utilization Studies Using a Mini-pilot Spray Dryer. Final Report, 1 September 1992--31 August 1993 by :

Download or read book Sorbent Utilization Studies Using a Mini-pilot Spray Dryer. Final Report, 1 September 1992--31 August 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main body of the report consists of four parts: 1. additives to change process chemistry for SO2 absorption by Ca(OH)2 slurry; 2. recycle tests and hydration of fly ash with Ca(OH)2 to increase reactivity; 3. limestone as an alternative sorbent and additive effects; 4. physical and chemical model developments for some of the additive effects and spray dryer mathematical model application. As the concentration of SO2 in the flue gases increases, the SO2 removal efficiency will go down. Additives such as delinquent salts (NaOH, NaCl, and NaHCO3) have been shown to improve SO2 uptake, and these additive tests have indicated that SO2 uptake may be increased by as much as 60% over baseline conditions. Other additives such as H2O2, sugar, and some organic acids which can change the chemical reaction processes are suggested and tested, and some promising results have been obtained. Recycle has been shown to increase sorbent utilization by allowing partially reacted sorbent to react further with the SO2 in the flue gases. Two types of Ohio coal fly ashes have been extensively studied, and improvement of utilization in spray dryer flue gas desulfurization has been demonstrated. Limestone represents an area where significant cost savings can be realized. The spray dryer tests were designed to provide some results for understanding the magnitude of the limestone performance in the spray dryer system and the additive effects. The additive effects on increasing SO2 absorption by Ca(OH)2 slurry were investigated, and the chemical and physical properties of these tested additives were studied. Some models have been formed to explain the additive phenomena.

Energy Research Abstracts

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 782 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Acid Precipitation

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1044 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)

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Download or read book Acid Precipitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 by :

Download or read book Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this project is on furnace sorbent injection technology using dry, calcium-based sorbents for flue gas desulfurization. The goal is to provide fundamental research kinetics and the effects of sorbent properties, aimed at improving SO2 removal and increasing sorbent utilization in a cost-effective fashion. The main focus of the third year work has been to obtain fundamental kinetic data for calcination, sintering and sulfation of calcium hydroxide sorbent. The results, their interpretation, and discussions are the primary focus of this report. Other major portions of this year's work covered in the report include the additions and modifications made to the experimental system, and preliminary results of the studies with modified Ca(OH)2. Most of the reactor system and the analytical and measurement techniques were developed in the second year and formed the necessary framework for realizing the project goal. A few design and experimental constraints necessitated modifications and additions which were made in the beginning of this year. A continuous micro-feeder was built in order to feed very small quantities of sorbent, which is essential to maintain differential conditions with respect to SO2 during sulfation experiments. The particle collection probe was modified with an insulating ceramic cover and cap, in order to reduce its cooling effect and achieve better isothermality within the reactor. A cascade cyclone sampler was added to replace the impactor because the particle loading capacity of the impactor was not sufficient to hold enough powder required for post-reaction analyses.

Coal Abstracts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 880 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Coal Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Comparison of Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations. United States Versus Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). Second Edition. Revised

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comparison of Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations. United States Versus Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). Second Edition. Revised by :

Download or read book A Comparison of Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations. United States Versus Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). Second Edition. Revised written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Legaré's First Poems and His Early Career

Author : James E. Kibler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (638 download)

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Book Synopsis Legaré's First Poems and His Early Career by : James E. Kibler

Download or read book Legaré's First Poems and His Early Career written by James E. Kibler and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sorbent Preparation/modification/additives. Final Report, September 1, 1992--November 30, 1993

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Sorbent Preparation/modification/additives. Final Report, September 1, 1992--November 30, 1993 by :

Download or read book Sorbent Preparation/modification/additives. Final Report, September 1, 1992--November 30, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorbent preparation techniques used today have generally been adapted from techniques traditionally used by the lime industry. Traditional dry hydration and slaking processes have been optimized to produce materials intended for use in the building industry. These preparation techniques should be examined with an eye to optimization of properties important to the SO[sub 2] capture process. The study of calcium-based sorbents for sulfur dioxide capture is complicated by two factors: (1) little is known about the chemical mechanisms by which the standard sorbent preparation and enhancement techniques work, and (2) a sorbent preparation technique that produces a calcium-based sorbent that enjoys enhanced calcium utilization in one regime of operation [flame zone (>2400 F), in-furnace (1600--2400 F), economizer (800--1100 F), after air preheater (

Aile şirketlerini büyüten yeni nesiller

Author : Sadi Özdemir
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789944608459
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Aile şirketlerini büyüten yeni nesiller by : Sadi Özdemir

Download or read book Aile şirketlerini büyüten yeni nesiller written by Sadi Özdemir and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Kinetic Studies of Dry Sorbents for Medium Temperature Application. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Kinetic Studies of Dry Sorbents for Medium Temperature Application. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994 by :

Download or read book Kinetic Studies of Dry Sorbents for Medium Temperature Application. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this project is to study the fundamental nature of the sorbent reactivity and reaction kinetics in the medium temperature range from 600°F to 1200°F available in the convective pass of a boiler upstream of the economizer, where dry sorbents are injected to remove SO2 from the flue gas. Research focus is on the fundamental mechanisms of sorbent-flue gas interaction under economizer and hot baghouse conditions utilizing the experimental setup and the results of the first three years of research. During the fourth year, the interference of carbonation reaction to sulfation reaction was studied as well as the concentration dependency of the sulfation reaction. The data to date showed that the carbonation did not interfere the sulfation reaction rate for reactions taking place less than 1 second. However, there was significant decrease in carbonation conversion when the sulfation reaction took place simultaneously. The levels of SO2 concentration had negligible effects on reaction rates when the concentration was maintained above 3000 ppM. An n-th order deactivation kinetic model was also developed during the fourth year to model the kinetics of various reactions. This model is particularly useful for the dry sorbent reactions, since the apparent rate constants rapidly decrease during the first 1 second of exposure to various gaseous reactants.

Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot Gas Cleanup: Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992 Through August 31, 1993

Author : Andy H. Hill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (886 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot Gas Cleanup: Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992 Through August 31, 1993 by : Andy H. Hill

Download or read book Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot Gas Cleanup: Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992 Through August 31, 1993 written by Andy H. Hill and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Stabilization of Spent Sorbents from Coal Gasification. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Stabilization of Spent Sorbents from Coal Gasification. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 by :

Download or read book Stabilization of Spent Sorbents from Coal Gasification. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this investigation was to determine the rates of reactions involving partially sulfided dolomite and oxygen, which is needed for the design of the reactor system for the stabilization of sulfide-containing solid wastes from gasification of high sulfur coals. To achieve this objective, samples of partially sulfided dolomite were reacted with oxygen at a variety of operating conditions in a fluidized-bed reactor. The effect of external diffusion was eliminated by using small quantities of the sorbent and maintaining a high flow rate of the reactant gas. The reacted sorbents were analyzed to determine the extent of conversion as a function of operating variables including sorbent particle size, reaction temperature and pressure, and oxygen concentration. The results of sulfation tests indicate that the rate of reaction increases with increasing temperature, increasing oxygen partial pressure, and decreasing sorbent particle size. The rate of the sulfation reaction can be described by a diffuse interface model where both chemical reaction and intraparticle diffusion control the reaction rate. The kinetic model of the sulfation reaction was used to determine the requirements for the reactor system, i.e., reactor size and operating conditions, for successful stabilization of sulfide-containing solid wastes from gasification of high sulfur coals (with in-bed desulfurization using calcium based sorbents). The results indicate that the rate of reaction is fast enough to allow essentially complete sulfation in reactors with acceptable dimensions. The optimum sulfation temperature appears to be around 800°C for high pressure as well as atmospheric stabilization of the spent sorbents.

Effect of Sorbent Attrition on Utilization. Final Report

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Download or read book Effect of Sorbent Attrition on Utilization. Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objective for 1992-1993 was to investigate ways of using chemical attrition to improve dolomitic sorbent utilization for duct injection processes. It is known that one of the primary mechanisms for poor sorbent utilization lies in the fact that the products of SO2-sorbent reactions have such large molar volumes that they plug the pores necessary for SO2 to diffuse into the particle interior. Any method that may cause the fracture of used sorbent particles will thus expose fresh un-reacted surface of sorbent and result in available sorbent recovery. There are several mechanisms that may cause the breakage of particles. External mechanical stress may be exerted on a particle and cause particle fracture when it exceeds the cohesive forces to prevent the breakage. Heat and pressure can also induce particle fracture. In addition, chemical reaction is also a very important factor in leading to particle fracture. Among many sorbents currently used in desulfurization processes, dolomitic lime may be a good candidate for use in medium temperature duct injection. Dolomites are characterized by a large portion of magnesium (instead of high calcium) in the crystal structure of common limestones. Because of the special composition of dolomitic lime and its reactions with flue gas constituents under medium temperature duct injection conditions, a unique structure is formed for spent dolomitic particles that provides for the potential of recovering available sorbent just by hydration-induced particle fracture. By re-injecting the recovered sorbent, it is expected that a high sorbent utilization can be obtained.

Plasm-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas: Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992 Through August 31, 1993

Author : Shirshak K. Dhali
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (886 download)

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Book Synopsis Plasm-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas: Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992 Through August 31, 1993 by : Shirshak K. Dhali

Download or read book Plasm-assisted Cleanup of Flue Gas: Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992 Through August 31, 1993 written by Shirshak K. Dhali and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Government Reports Announcements & Index

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-11 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled

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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428902805
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled by :

Download or read book Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309154006
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by : National Research Council

Download or read book Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A respected resource for decades, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The Guide incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use: Key concepts of animal care and use. The Guide sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals. Animal care and use program. The Guide discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal environment, husbandry, and management. A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more. Veterinary care. The Guide discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The Guide addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia. Physical plant. The Guide identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.