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Author : Richard Alan Beier
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 101 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Soot and Radiation in Combusting Boundary Layers written by Richard Alan Beier and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soot and Radiation in Combusting Boundary Layers written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most fires thermal radiation is the dominant mode of heat transfer. Carbon particles within the fire are responsible for most of this emitted radiation and hence warrant quantification. As a first step toward understanding thermal radiation in full scale fires, an experimental and theoretical study is presented for a laminar combusting boundary layer. Carbon particulate volume fraction profiles and approximate particle size distributions are experimentally determined in both free and forced flow for several hydrocarbon fuels and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate). A multiwavelength laser transmission technique determines a most probable radius and a total particle concentration which are two unknown parameters in an assumed Gauss size distribution. A sooting region is observed on the fuel rich side of the main reaction zone. For free flow, all the flames are in air, but the free stream ambient oxygen mass fraction is a variable in forced flow. To study the effects of radiation heat transfer, a model is developed for a laminar combusting boundary layer over a pyrolyzing fuel surface. An optically thin approximation simplifies the calculation of the radiant energy flux at the fuel surface. For the free flames in air, the liquid fuel soot volume fractions, f/sub v/, range from f/sub v/ approx. 10−7 for n-heptane, a paraffin, to f/sub v/ approx. 10−7 for toluene, an aromatic. The PMMA soot volume fractions, f/sub v/ approx. 5 x 10−7, are approximately the same as the values previously reported for pool fires. Soot volume fraction increases monotonically with ambient oxygen mass fraction in the forced flow flames. For all fuels tested, a most probable radius between 20 nm and 80 nm is obtained which varies only slightly with oxygen mass fraction, streamwise position, or distance normal to the fuel surface. The theoretical analysis yields nine dimensionless parameters, which control the mass flux rate at the pyrolyzing fuel surface.
Author : Clement Ighama Okoh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (29 download)
Download or read book Soot and Radiation in Free Boundary Layer Flames written by Clement Ighama Okoh and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Maria G. Carvalho
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642846378
Total Pages : 622 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)
Download or read book Heat Transfer in Radiating and Combusting Systems written by Maria G. Carvalho and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the selected papers presented at the EUROTHERM SEMINAR No. 17 - Heat Transfer in Radiating and Combusting Systems held at Cascais from October 8th- 10th, 1990. The EUROTHERM COMMITTEE was created by representatives of the member countries of the European Communities for the organization and coordination of European Scientific events in the field of thermal sciences and their applications. The book is focused on the integration of the heat transfer and combustion. These two subjects have traditionally been considered separate disciplines. In reality, the two are closely interwoven. The central purpose of the book is to generate an effective cross fertilisation of the two at both the fundamental and applied levels. The book reports on: mathematical simulations of heat transfer in reacting systems, new measurements of and measurement techniques for the radiation properties of the intervening medium, and data and theoretical analyses which clarify the physical nature of the complex interactions between the radiation/convection heat transfer processes and the combustion and turbulence of real reacting flows.
Author : J. Lahaye
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468444638
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Soot in Combustion Systems and Its Toxic Properties written by J. Lahaye and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our interest in Mulhouse for carbon black and soot began some 30 years ago when J.B. Donnet developed the concept of surface chemistry of carbon and its involvement in interactions with gas, liquid and solid phases. In the late sixties, we began to study soot formation in pyrolytic systems and later on in flames. The idea of organ1z1ng a meeting on soot formation originated some four or five years ago, through discussions among Professor J.B. Howard, Dr. A. D'Alessio and ourselves. At that time the scientific community was becoming aware of the necessity to strictly control soot formation and emission. Being involved in the study of surface properties of carbon black as well as of formation of soot, we realized that the combustion community was not always fully aware of the progress made by the physical-chemists on carbon black. Reciprocally, the carbon specialists were often ignoring the research carried out on soot in flames. One objective of this workshop was to stimulate discussions between these two scientific communities. During the preparation of the meeting, and especially during the review process by the Material Science Committee of the Scientific Affairs Division of N.A.T.O. the toxicological aspect emerged as being an important component to be addressed during the workshop. To reflect these preoccupations we invited biologists, physical chemists and engineers, all leaders in their field. The final programme is a compromise of the different aspects of the subject and was divided in five sessions.
Author : Naim Afgan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Heat Transfer in Flames written by Naim Afgan and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James Alfred Ang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (29 download)
Download or read book Perturbed Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames written by James Alfred Ang and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jorge Omar Contreras Rodriguez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (993 download)
Download or read book Numerical Study of Soot Formation written by Jorge Omar Contreras Rodriguez and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microgravity ethylene laminar boundary layer diffusion flames generated by a flat porous burner and characterized by the fuel injection velocities of 3 and 4 mm/s and an oxidizer velocity of 250 mm/s have been simulated by using an accurate radiation model, a comprehensive kinetic mechanism, and a soot model consisting of inception as a result of the collision of two pyrene molecules, heterogeneous surface growth and oxidation following the hydrogen abstraction acetylene addition (HACA) mechanism, soot particle coagulation, and PAH surface condensation. Model predictions are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data in terms of the stand-off distance and soot volume fraction. The stand-off distance and soot production are enhanced as the fuel velocity increases. H and OH radicals, responsible of the de-hydrogenation of sites in the HACA process, and pyrene, of the species for soot inception and PAH condensation processes, are found to be located in a region that follows the stand-off distance. Soot is then produced in this region and is transported inside the boundary layer by convection and thermophoresis. Radiative loss is substantially higher in these flames than in normal gravity diffusion flames owing to much longer residence times. Calculations carried out by neglecting soot radiation and by using the optically-thin approximation (OTA) revealed that soot dominates the radiative heat transfer in these flames and that the use of OTA gives rise to significant discrepancies in temperature and soot volume fraction.
Download or read book Soot Profiles in Boundary-layer Flames written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon particulate volume fractions and approximate particle size distributions are measured in a free laminar combusting boundary layer for liquid hydrocarbon fuels (n-heptane, iso-octane, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, toluene) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). A multiwavelength laser transmission technique determines a most probable radius and the total particle concentration, which are two parameters in an assumed form for the size distribution. In the combusting boundary layer, a sooting region exists between the pyrolyzing fuel surface and the flame zone. The liquid fuel soot volume fractions, f/sub v/, range from f/sub v/ approx. 10−7 for n-heptane, a paraffin, to f/sub v approx. 10−5 for toluene, an aromatic. The PMMA volume fractions, f/sub v/ approx. 5 X 10−7, are approximately the same as the values previously reported for pool fires. The soot volume fractions increase with height; convection of carbon particles downstream widens the soot region with height. For all fuels tested, the most probable radius is between 20 nm and 50 nm, and it changes only slightly with height and distance from the fuel surface.
Author : Andrés Fuentes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (827 download)
Download or read book Interactions Between the Reaction Zone and Soot Field in a Laminar Boundary Layer Type Diffusion Flame written by Andrés Fuentes and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concurrent spreading of a boundary layer type diffusion flame is studied. The impossibility of obtaining a low velocity laminar flow without any perturbation induced by buoyancy has lead to the development of an experimental apparatus for use in micro-gravity facilities. Based on previous experimental observations, an original numerical approach has been developed showing, first the dominating role of the radiative heat transfer on the structure of the flame and second the major role of the soot on the extinction phenomenon at the flame trailing edge. The influence of the forced flow velocity, the fuel injection velocity and oxygen concentration on the geometry of the flame has been examined by imaging of CH* and OH* radicals spontaneous emission. Laser-Induced Incandescence (LII) is used to determine the soot field concentration in the flame. The soot formation has been studied by Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The interaction between the reaction zone and the field of soot formation/oxidation is taken into account to analyze the flame length. These results can be used as the experimental input data for a future complete validation of numerical model simulating the soot formation and oxidation in this kind of flame.
Author : Mohammad Faghri
Publisher : WIT Press
ISBN 13 : 1845641604
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in Fires written by Mohammad Faghri and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlled fires are beneficial for the generation of heat and power while uncontrolled fires, like fire incidents and wildfires, are detrimental and can cause enormous material damage and human suffering. This edited book presents the state-of-the-art of modeling and numerical simulation of the important transport phenomena in fires. It describes how computational procedures can be used in analysis and design of fire protection and fire safety. Computational fluid dynamics, turbulence modeling, combustion, soot formation, thermal radiation modeling are demonstrated and applied to pool fires, flame spread, wildfires, fires in buildings and other examples.
Author : Jerome L. Novotny
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (457 download)
Download or read book ASME 67-HT-9 written by Jerome L. Novotny and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bart Merci
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000755967
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Fluid Mechanics Aspects of Fire and Smoke Dynamics in Enclosures written by Bart Merci and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-10-24 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - written by world leading experts in the field - contains many worked-out examples, taken from daily life fire related practical problems - covers the entire range from basics up to state-of-the-art computer simulations of fire and smoke related fluid mechanics aspects, including the effect of water - provides extensive treatment of the interaction of water sprays with a fire-driven flow - contains a chapter on CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), the increasingly popular calculation method in the field of fire safety science
Author : Kwi Young Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (29 download)
Download or read book Thermal Radiation Effects on Combustion of Condensed Fuels written by Kwi Young Lee and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : S.H. Chan
Publisher : Taylor & Francis US
ISBN 13 : 9781591690030
Total Pages : 974 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in Combustion written by S.H. Chan and published by Taylor & Francis US. This book was released on with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard L. Axelbaum
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (32 download)
Download or read book A Fundamental Study of Soot Formation in Diffusion Flames written by Richard L. Axelbaum and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Takashi Tamaru
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Radiative Heat Transfer in a Diffusion Flame written by Takashi Tamaru and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
