Solvent Crazing Of Polymers

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Solvent Crazing of Polymers

Author : A.L. Volynskii
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0444596569
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Solvent Crazing of Polymers by : A.L. Volynskii

Download or read book Solvent Crazing of Polymers written by A.L. Volynskii and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problems related to crazing in polymers are of special interest to polymer scientists since only polymers display this universal phenomenon and no analogues are available for low-molecular-mass compounds. The important problems of solvent crazing and the development of a universal description of polymer structure and properties have received much attention from many leading scientists. Nevertheless, some aspects of polymer crazing are still unclear, and scientific activities in this area are in progress. This work provides an up-to-date account of scientific advances in the area of solvent crazing. The principal features and stages of solvent crazing (craze nucleation, craze tip advance, craze thickening, and craze collapse at high strains) are described. Additionally, the authors present information concerning the activities of Russian scientists in this area, which might have escaped the attention of their colleagues because of the language barrier.

Relationships Between Structure and Micromechanics of Solvent Crazes in Glassy Polymers

Author : Heider Georg Krenz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Relationships Between Structure and Micromechanics of Solvent Crazes in Glassy Polymers by : Heider Georg Krenz

Download or read book Relationships Between Structure and Micromechanics of Solvent Crazes in Glassy Polymers written by Heider Georg Krenz and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmental Stress Cracking of Plastics

Author : D. C. Wright
Publisher : iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781859570647
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Stress Cracking of Plastics by : D. C. Wright

Download or read book Environmental Stress Cracking of Plastics written by D. C. Wright and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simultaneous action of stress and strain on plastics in contact with specific fluids causes the onset of cracking and embrittlement of plastic known as environmental stress cracking. Since this is responsible for 15% of all failures of plastics components, environmental stress cracking has long been the subject of intensive research. This volume reviews factors that influence environmental stress cracking, and the state of knowledge regarding many families of plastics. Various types of damage, from disfiguring to catastrophic, are discussed in this volume, with the period of time over which the damage occurs. Plastics designers and specifiers will benefit from the wealth of information and data provided.

The Physics of Deformation and Fracture of Polymers

Author : A. S. Argon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521821843
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physics of Deformation and Fracture of Polymers by : A. S. Argon

Download or read book The Physics of Deformation and Fracture of Polymers written by A. S. Argon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A physical, mechanism-based presentation of the plasticity and fracture of polymers, covering industrial scale applications through to nanoscale biofluidic devices.

Effects of Solvents on Craze Initiation and Crack Propagation in Transparent Polymers

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Solvents on Craze Initiation and Crack Propagation in Transparent Polymers by :

Download or read book Effects of Solvents on Craze Initiation and Crack Propagation in Transparent Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transparent polymers being considered for use in Army systems must be evaluated for resistance to crack and craze growth in a chemical environment. Current test for determining craze initiation include environmental stress crazing tests based on ASTM D 790 and ASTM F 484. Results for a series of cast and biaxially stretched poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) materials, as well as several formulations of polycarbonate, show a range of critical strain measurements in crazing solvents. A polyurethane based thermoset material showed superior resistance to crazing in several of these solvents. The effect of solvents on crack propagation in transparent polymers is demonstrated by a Samples of PMMA are tested in o-xylene, and air. Immersion testing is also used for comparison. Polymethyl methacrylates.

Environmental Stress Cracking of Polymers

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Stress Cracking of Polymers by :

Download or read book Environmental Stress Cracking of Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A two point bending method for use in studying the environmental stress cracking and crazing phenomena is described and demonstrated for a variety of polymer/solvent systems. Critical strain values obtained from these curves are reported for various polymer/solvent systems including a considerable number of systems for which critical strain values have not been previously reported. Polymers studied using this technique include polycarbonate (PC), ABS, high impact styrene (HIS), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Critical strain values obtained using this method compared favorably with available existing data. The major advantage of the technique is the ability to obtain time vs. strain curves over a short period of time. This allows, in most cases, sensitive determination of the nature of the transition between the time independent portion and the time dependent portion of the time vs. strain curve. The data obtained suggests that over a short period of time the transition in most of the polymer solvent systems is more gradual than previously believed. Studies of the temperature effects in the PC/MIBK, PC/Cyclohexanone, and PPO/MIBK systems give results consistent with previous studies that support a plasticization mechanism for environmental stress cracking and crazing. (MM).

Specialty Polymers

Author : Faiz Mohammad
Publisher : I. K. International Pvt Ltd
ISBN 13 : 8188237655
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (882 download)

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Book Synopsis Specialty Polymers by : Faiz Mohammad

Download or read book Specialty Polymers written by Faiz Mohammad and published by I. K. International Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2007 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The synthetic counterparts of natural polymeric materials are now finding applications as light weight, mechanically strong, and environmentally stable sheets, fibers, films, adhesives, paints, and foams have replaced most of the commodity and structural materials. The systematic research on the preparation, characterization, and utilization of plastics resulted in creation of polymers often containing a set of several desirable properties in a single polymer. The polymers have established their place in engineering applications as well. Although the bulk of plastics production focuses on relatively simple commodity polymers, the proportion of specially designed and tailor-made plastics for specific and sophisticated applications is also increasing at a great pace. The specialty plastics, as well as their use in specific and sophisticated applications, are the key to the continued scientific growth and technological advances in the new millennium. This book thoroughly covers today's rapidly growing field of specialty polymers and their applications in more sophisticated and specialized areas. It gives the most recent in-depth knowledge and extremely comprehensive details of the chemistry, physics, material science, technology, and device applications of specialty polymers. This comprehensive book containing 16 chapters is the result of the untiring efforts of 35 most renowned experts from the national and international scientific community. This book is thought-provoking to the researchers working in the fields of chemistry, biochemistry, biotechnology, medicine, polymer chemistry, semiconductor physics, material science, electrochemistry, biology, electronics, photonics, material science, solid state physics, nanotechnology, electrical and electronics engineering, optical engineering, device engineering, data storage, etc.

Properties of Polymers

Author : D.W. van Krevelen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080915108
Total Pages : 1031 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Properties of Polymers by : D.W. van Krevelen

Download or read book Properties of Polymers written by D.W. van Krevelen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 1031 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative, widely cited book has been used all over the world. Properties of Polymers, Fourth Edition incorporates the latest developments in the field while maintaining the core objectives of previous editions: to correlate properties with chemical structure and to describe methods that permit the estimation and prediction of numerical properties from chemical structure, i.e. nearly all properties of the solid, liquid, and dissolved states of polymers. - Extends coverage of critical topics such as electrical and magnetic properties, rheological properties of polymer melts, and environmental behavior and failure - Discusses liquid crystalline polymers across chapters 6, 15, and 16 for greater breadth and depth of coverage - Increases the number of supporting illustrations from approximately 250 (in the previous edition) to more than 400 to further aid in visual understanding

Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics

Author : ASM International
Publisher : ASM International
ISBN 13 : 1615030735
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics by : ASM International

Download or read book Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics written by ASM International and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The selection and application of engineered materials is an integrated process that requires an understanding of the interaction between materials properties, manufacturing characteristics, design considerations, and the total life cycle of the product. This reference book on engineering plastics provides practical and comprehensive coverage on how the performance of plastics is characterized during design, property testing, and failure analysis. The fundamental structure and properties of plastics are reviewed for general reference, and detailed articles describe the important design factors, properties, and failure mechanisms of plastics. The effects of composition, processing, and structure are detailed in articles on the physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Other articles cover failure mechanisms such as: crazing and fracture; impact loading; fatigue failure; wear failures, moisture related failure; organic chemical related failure; photolytic degradation; and microbial degradation. Characterization of plastics in failure analysis is described with additional articles on analysis of structure, surface analysis, and fractography.

The Physics of Glassy Polymers

Author : R. N. Haward
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401023557
Total Pages : 635 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physics of Glassy Polymers by : R. N. Haward

Download or read book The Physics of Glassy Polymers written by R. N. Haward and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work sets out to provide an up-to-date account of the physical properties and structure of polymers in the glassy state. Properties measured above the glass transition temperature are therefore included only in so far as is necessary for the treatment of the glass transition process. This approach to the subject therefore excludes any detailed account of rubber elasticity or melt rheology or of the structure and conformation of the long chain molecule in solution, although knowledge derived from this field is assumed where required. Major emphasis is placed on structural and mechanical properties, although a number of other physical properties are included. Naturally the different authors contributing to the book write mainly from their own particular points of view and where there are several widely accepted theoretical approaches to a subject, these are sometimes provided in different chapters which will necessarily overlap to a significant extent. For example, the main theoretical presentation on the subject of glass transition is given in Chapter 1. This is supplemented by accounts of the free volume theory in Chapter 3 and in the Introduction, and a short account of the work of Gibbs and DiMarzio, also in Chapter 3. Similarly, there is material on solvent cracking in Chapters 7 and 9, though the two workers approach the subject from opposite directions. Every effort has therefore been made to encourage cross-referencing between different chapters.

Polypropylene

Author : J. Karger-Kocsis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401144214
Total Pages : 988 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Polypropylene by : J. Karger-Kocsis

Download or read book Polypropylene written by J. Karger-Kocsis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My heart sank when I was approached by Dr Hastings and by Professor Briggs (Senior Editor of Materials Science and Technology and Series Editor of Polymer Science and Technology Series at Chapman & Hall, respectively) to edit a book with the provisional title Handbook of Poly propylene. My reluctance was due to the fact that my former book [1] along with that of Moore [2], issued in the meantime, seemed to cover the information demand on polypropylene and related systems. Encour aged, however, by some colleagues (the new generation of scientists and engineers needs a good reference book with easy information retrieval, and the development with metallocene catalysts deserves a new update!), I started on this venture. Having some experience with polypropylene systems and being aware of the current literature, it was easy to settle the titles for the book chapters and also to select and approach the most suitable potential contributors. Fortunately, many of my first-choice authors accepted the invitation to contribute. Like all editors of multi-author volumes, I recognize that obtaining contributors follows an S-type curve of asymptotic saturation when the number of willing contributors is plotted as a function of time. The saturation point is, however, never reached and as a consequence, Dear Reader, you will also find some topics of some relevance which are not explicitly treated in this book (but, believe me, I have considered them).

Crazing Technology for Polyester Fibers

Author : Victor Goldade
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0081018878
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Crazing Technology for Polyester Fibers by : Victor Goldade

Download or read book Crazing Technology for Polyester Fibers written by Victor Goldade and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crazing Technology for Polyester Fibers reviews PET fibers crazing in surface-active liquids and the use of the crazing mechanism for fiber modification by functional additives. The first chapter reviews existing literature, and subsequent chapters present the research of the authors, with an emphasis on how these techniques can be used to create textiles for a wide variety of purposes. With two highly regarded and very experienced authors bringing together the latest information on polyester crazing technology, this book is essential reading for scientific researchers, engineers, and R&D professionals working on the development of fibers for improving the properties of textiles. - Explains fiber crazing mechanisms and processes with a view to their use in developing polyester-based high-performance textiles - Focuses on how this mechanism can be used to confer important characteristics, such as antimicrobial properties, reduced flammability, and repellency, making this essential reading for textile scientists and technicians - Explores novel techniques and methods for readers who require cutting-edge knowledge of developments in fiber crazing

Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers

Author : L. Volynskii
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315362112
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers by : L. Volynskii

Download or read book Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers written by L. Volynskii and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers explores the role of various surface phenomena in the structural and mechanical behaviour of amorphous and semicrystalline polymers. This book: Discusses the development of the interfacial surface in the deformation of polymers Examines the healing of interfacial surfaces in polymers Inspects the structure and properties of polymers in thin films and surface layers Evaluates the mechanism of inelastic deformation in glassy amorphous polymers Investigates strain softening and the phenomena taking place upon deformation of polymers in active liquid media Covers the Rehbinder effect, or the adsorption reduction of the strength of solids Describes the properties of polymers in environmental or solvent crazing Analyses the interaction of the highly developed surface of crazed polymers with diverse low- and high-molecular mass components Addresses the instability and self-organisation of surface layers in polymers and diverse polymer systems Presents theoretical speculations concerning the structurally mechanical behaviour of ‘a rigid coating on a soft substratum’ (RCSS) systems Assesses the stress–strain properties of the thin surface layers of polymers and the nanometric coatings deposited on their surfaces Highlights the efficacy of the approaches developed for RCSS systems for the analysis and description of natural phenomena Details the applied aspects of surface phenomena in the structurally mechanical behaviour of polymers Thus, Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers provides a useful framework for the development of new and innovative polymer-based materials.

Properties and Behavior of Polymers, 2 Volume Set

Author : Wiley
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118582837
Total Pages : 1605 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Properties and Behavior of Polymers, 2 Volume Set by : Wiley

Download or read book Properties and Behavior of Polymers, 2 Volume Set written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-03 with total page 1605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides comprehensive, up-to-date information on the physical properties of polymers including, viscoelasticity, flammability, miscibility, optical properties, surface properties and more. Containing carefully selected reprints from the Wiley's renowned Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, this reference features the same breadth and quality of coverage and clarity of presentation found in the original.

Compositional and Failure Analysis of Polymers

Author : John Scheirs
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471625728
Total Pages : 812 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (257 download)

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Book Synopsis Compositional and Failure Analysis of Polymers by : John Scheirs

Download or read book Compositional and Failure Analysis of Polymers written by John Scheirs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-10-03 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ein Praxisleitfaden der Polymeranalyse für alle, die sich in Polymerlabors mit Analytik, Qualitätskontrolle oder Produktentwicklung beschäftigen. Der Autor erläutert, aus seinem umfangreichen Erfahrungsschatz, welche Probleme in welchen Situationen auftreten können. Viele Fallstudien helfen bei der Anwendung der Erkenntnisse im Laboralltag. Mit einer umfangreichen Datensammlung zu physikalischen Eigenschaften von Polymeren! (07/00)

Polymer Fracture

Author : H. - H. Kausch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642964605
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (429 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymer Fracture by : H. - H. Kausch

Download or read book Polymer Fracture written by H. - H. Kausch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book on "Polymer Fracture" might as well have been called "Kinetic Theory of Polymer Fracture". The term "kinetic theory", however, needs some de finition or, at least, some explanation. A kinetic theory deals with and particu larly considers the effect of the existence and discrete size, of the motion and of the physical properties of molecules on the macroscopic behavior of an ensemble, gaseous or other. A kinetic theory of strength does have to consider additional aspects such as elastic and anelastic deformations, chemical and physical reactions, and the sequence and distribution of different disintegration steps. In the last fifteen years considerable progress has been made in the latter do mains. The deformation and rupture of molecular chains, crystals, and morphologi cal structures have been intensively investigated. The understanding of the effect of those processes on the strength of polymeric materials has especially been furthered by the development and application of spectroscopical methods (ESR, IR) and of the tools offracture mechanics. It is the aim of this book to relate the conventional and successful statistical, parametrical, and continuum mechanical treatment of fracture phenomena to new results on the behavior of highly stressed molecular chains.

Handbook of Plastic Processes

Author : Charles A. Harper
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0471786578
Total Pages : 755 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (717 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Plastic Processes by : Charles A. Harper

Download or read book Handbook of Plastic Processes written by Charles A. Harper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An outstanding and thorough presentation of the complete field of plastics processing Handbook of Plastic Processes is the only comprehensive reference covering not just one, but all major processes used to produce plastic products-helping designers and manufacturers in selecting the best process for a given product while enabling users to better understand the performance characteristics of each process. The authors, all experts in their fields, explain in clear, concise, and practical terms the advantages, uses, and limitations of each process, as well as the most modern and up-to-date technologies available in their application. Coverage includes chapters on: Injection molding Compression and transfer molding Sheet extrusion Blow molding Calendering Foam processing Reinforced plastics processing Liquid resin processing Rotational molding Thermoforming Reaction injection molding Compounding, mixing, and blending Machining and mechanical fabrication Assembly, finishing, and decorating Each chapter details a particular process, its variations, the equipment used, the range of materials utilized in the process, and its advantages and limitations. Because of its increasing impact on the industry, the editor has also added a chapter on nanotechnology in plastics processing.