Small Angle Scattering And Diffraction

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Structure Analysis by Small-Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering

Author : L.A. Feigin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475766246
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Structure Analysis by Small-Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering by : L.A. Feigin

Download or read book Structure Analysis by Small-Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering written by L.A. Feigin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small-angle scattering of X rays and neutrons is a widely used diffraction method for studying the structure of matter. This method of elastic scattering is used in various branches of science and technology, includ ing condensed matter physics, molecular biology and biophysics, polymer science, and metallurgy. Many small-angle scattering studies are of value for pure science and practical applications. It is well known that the most general and informative method for investigating the spatial structure of matter is based on wave-diffraction phenomena. In diffraction experiments a primary beam of radiation influences a studied object, and the scattering pattern is analyzed. In principle, this analysis allows one to obtain information on the structure of a substance with a spatial resolution determined by the wavelength of the radiation. Diffraction methods are used for studying matter on all scales, from elementary particles to macro-objects. The use of X rays, neutrons, and electron beams, with wavelengths of about 1 A, permits the study of the condensed state of matter, solids and liquids, down to atomic resolution. Determination of the atomic structure of crystals, i.e., the arrangement of atoms in a unit cell, is an important example of this line of investigation.

Catalyst Characterization

Author : Boris Imelik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475795890
Total Pages : 720 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Catalyst Characterization by : Boris Imelik

Download or read book Catalyst Characterization written by Boris Imelik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: to the Fundamental and Applied Catalysis Series Catalysis is important academically and industrially. It plays an essential role in the manufacture of a wide range of products, from gasoline and plastics to fertilizers and herbicides, which would otherwise be unobtainable or prohibitive ly expensive. There are few chemical-or oil-based material items in modern society that do not depend in some way on a catalytic stage in their manufacture. Apart from manufacturing processes, catalysis is finding other important and over-increasing uses; for example, successful applications of catalysis in the control ofpollution and its use in environmental control are certain to in crease in the future. The commercial import an ce of catalysis and the diverse intellectual challenges of catalytic phenomena have stimulated study by a broad spectrum of scientists including chemists, physicists, chemical engineers, and material scientists. Increasing research activity over the years has brought deeper levels of understanding, and these have been associated with a continually growing amount of published material. As recentlyas sixty years ago, Rideal and Taylor could still treat the subject comprehensively in a single volume, but by the 19 50s Emmett required six volumes, and no conventional multivolume text could now cover the whole of catalysis in any depth.

Small-Angle Scattering (Neutrons, X-Rays, Light) from Complex Systems

Author : Eugen Mircea Anitas
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030266125
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Small-Angle Scattering (Neutrons, X-Rays, Light) from Complex Systems by : Eugen Mircea Anitas

Download or read book Small-Angle Scattering (Neutrons, X-Rays, Light) from Complex Systems written by Eugen Mircea Anitas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the basic physical phenomenon of small-angle scattering (SAS) of neutrons, x-rays or light from complex hierarchical nano- and micro-structures. The emphasis is on developing theoretical models for the material structure containing self-similar or fractal clusters. Within the suggested framework, key approaches for extracting structural information from experimental scattering data are investigated and presented in detail. The range of parameters which can be obtained pave the road towards a better understanding of the correlations between geometrical and various physical properties (electrical, magnetic, mechanical, optical, dynamical, transport etc.) in fractal nano- and micro-materials.

Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays

Author : Andre Guinier
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays by : Andre Guinier

Download or read book Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays written by Andre Guinier and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Modern Aspects of Small-Angle Scattering

Author : H. Brumberger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401584575
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Aspects of Small-Angle Scattering by : H. Brumberger

Download or read book Modern Aspects of Small-Angle Scattering written by H. Brumberger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Como, Italy, May 12--22, 1993

Soft-Matter Characterization

Author : Redouane Borsali
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 140204464X
Total Pages : 1490 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Soft-Matter Characterization by : Redouane Borsali

Download or read book Soft-Matter Characterization written by Redouane Borsali and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-28 with total page 1490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2-volume set includes extensive discussions of scattering techniques (light, neutron and X-ray) and related fluctuation and grating techniques that are at the forefront of this field. Most of the scattering techniques are Fourier space techniques. Recent advances have seen the development of powerful direct imaging methods such as atomic force microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. In addition, techniques that can be used to manipulate soft matter on the nanometer scale are also in rapid development. These include the scanning probe microscopy technique mentioned above as well as optical and magnetic tweezers.

Handbook of Materials Characterization

Author : Surender Kumar Sharma
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319929550
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Materials Characterization by : Surender Kumar Sharma

Download or read book Handbook of Materials Characterization written by Surender Kumar Sharma and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the widely used experimental techniques available for the structural, morphological, and spectroscopic characterization of materials. Recent developments in a wide range of experimental techniques and their application to the quantification of materials properties are an essential side of this book. Moreover, it provides concise but thorough coverage of the practical and theoretical aspects of the analytical techniques used to characterize a wide variety of functional nanomaterials. The book provides an overview of widely used characterization techniques for a broad audience: from beginners and graduate students, to advanced specialists in both academia and industry.

Biological Small Angle Scattering: Techniques, Strategies and Tips

Author : Barnali Chaudhuri
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981106038X
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Small Angle Scattering: Techniques, Strategies and Tips by : Barnali Chaudhuri

Download or read book Biological Small Angle Scattering: Techniques, Strategies and Tips written by Barnali Chaudhuri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-07 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a clear, comprehensible and up-to-date description of how Small Angle Scattering (SAS) can help structural biology researchers. SAS is an efficient technique that offers structural information on how biological macromolecules behave in solution. SAS provides distinct and complementary data for integrative structural biology approaches in combination with other widely used probes, such as X-ray crystallography, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Mass spectrometry and Cryo-electron Microscopy. The development of brilliant synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) beam lines has increased the number of researchers interested in solution scattering. SAS is especially useful for studying conformational changes in proteins, highly flexible proteins, and intrinsically disordered proteins. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with neutron contrast variation is ideally suited for studying multi-component assemblies as well as membrane proteins that are stabilized in surfactant micelles or vesicles. SAS is also used for studying dynamic processes of protein fibrillation in amyloid diseases, and pharmaceutical drug delivery. The combination with size-exclusion chromatography further increases the range of SAS applications. The book is written by leading experts in solution SAS methodologies. The principles and theoretical background of various SAS techniques are included, along with practical aspects that range from sample preparation to data presentation for publication. Topics covered include techniques for improving data quality and analysis, as well as different scientific applications of SAS. With abundant illustrations and practical tips, we hope the clear explanations of the principles and the reviews on the latest progresses will serve as a guide through all aspects of biological solution SAS. The scope of this book is particularly relevant for structural biology researchers who are new to SAS. Advanced users of the technique will find it helpful for exploring the diversity of solution SAS methods and applications. Chapter 3 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

Small Angle Scattering and Diffraction

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Author : Margareth Kazuyo Kobayashi Dias Franco
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789232465
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis Small Angle Scattering and Diffraction by : Margareth Kazuyo Kobayashi Dias Franco

Download or read book Small Angle Scattering and Diffraction written by Margareth Kazuyo Kobayashi Dias Franco and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-06 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reasoned and based on the difference between discovery and invention, according to the traditional conception, science can be distinguished between basic science and applied science. Nevertheless, we know that the sciences are inseparable. A century or more ago, Louis Pasteur said "there is no applied science, there are applications of science." With this assertion, he establishes the logic of complementarity between them. Science certainly goes beyond its own material application and brings us to issues that have intrigued humanity for a long time. During the many years that we have been working with techniques of material characterization, we observed that this complementarity was not always understood by the researchers. In line with the reasoning that the technique joined with science generates technology, the application of techniques that use x-ray and neutron sources seems to us of fundamental importance for the development of technology. In this way, we present in this book how the existing technology of material characterization can contribute to science and applied technology. The authors who contributed with this book sought to show the importance of applying the existing techniques in the development of their works.

Luminescence

Author : Jagannathan Thirumalai
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535127624
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Luminescence by : Jagannathan Thirumalai

Download or read book Luminescence written by Jagannathan Thirumalai and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to give readers a broad review of topical worldwide advancements in theoretical and experimental facts, instrumentation and practical applications erudite by luminescent materials and their prospects in dealing with different types of luminescence like photoluminescence, electroluminescence, thermo-luminescence, triboluminescence, bioluminescence design and applications. The additional part of this book deals with the dynamics, rare-earth ions, photon down-/up-converting materials, luminescence dating, lifetime, bioluminescence microscopical perspectives and prospects towards the basic research or for more advanced applications. This book is divided into four main sections: luminescent materials and their associated phenomena; photo-physical properties and their emerging applications; thermoluminescence dating: from theory to applications, and bioluminescence perspectives and prospects. Individual chapters should serve the broad spectrum of common readers of diverse expertise, layman, students and researchers, who may in this book find easily elucidated fundamentals as well as progressive principles of specific subjects associated with these phenomena. This book was created by 14 contributions from experts in different fields of luminescence and technology from over 20 research institutes worldwide.

X-Ray Diffraction

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Author : Oliver H. Seeck
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9814303607
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis X-Ray Diffraction by : Oliver H. Seeck

Download or read book X-Ray Diffraction written by Oliver H. Seeck and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-10 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-resolution x-ray diffraction and scattering is a key tool for structure analysis not only in bulk materials but also at surfaces and buried interfaces from the sub-nanometer range to micrometers. This book offers an overview of diffraction and scattering methods currently available at modern synchrotron sources and illustrates bulk and interface investigations of solid and liquid matter with up-to-date research examples. It presents important characteristics of the sources, experimental set-up, and new detector developments. The book also considers future exploitation of x-ray free electron lasers for diffraction applications.

Characterization of Polymer Blends

Author : Sabu Thomas
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527331530
Total Pages : 972 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Polymer Blends by : Sabu Thomas

Download or read book Characterization of Polymer Blends written by Sabu Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-09 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling the gap for a reference dedicated to the characterization of polymer blends and their micro and nano morphologies, this book provides comprehensive, systematic coverage in a one-stop, two-volume resource for all those working in the field. Leading researchers from industry and academia, as well as from government and private research institutions around the world summarize recent technical advances in chapters devoted to their individual contributions. In so doing, they examine a wide range of modern characterization techniques, from microscopy and spectroscopy to diffraction, thermal analysis, rheology, mechanical measurements and chromatography. These methods are compared with each other to assist in determining the best solution for both fundamental and applied problems, paying attention to the characterization of nanoscale miscibility and interfaces, both in blends involving copolymers and in immiscible blends. The thermodynamics, miscibility, phase separation, morphology and interfaces in polymer blends are also discussed in light of new insights involving the nanoscopic scale. Finally, the authors detail the processing-morphology-property relationships of polymer blends, as well as the influence of processing on the generation of micro and nano morphologies, and the dependence of these morphologies on the properties of blends. Hot topics such as compatibilization through nanoparticles, miscibility of new biopolymers and nanoscale investigations of interfaces in blends are also addressed. With its application-oriented approach, handpicked selection of topics and expert contributors, this is an outstanding survey for anyone involved in the field of polymer blends for advanced technologies.

Elementary Scattering Theory

Author : D.S. Sivia
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199228671
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Elementary Scattering Theory by : D.S. Sivia

Download or read book Elementary Scattering Theory written by D.S. Sivia and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011-01-06 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the basic theoretical background for X-ray and neutron scattering experiments. Since these techniques are increasingly being used by biologists and chemists, as well as physicists, the book is intended to be accessible to a broad spectrum of scientists.

Polymer Morphology

Author : Qipeng Guo
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118452151
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymer Morphology by : Qipeng Guo

Download or read book Polymer Morphology written by Qipeng Guo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-16 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a focus on structure-property relationships, this book describes how polymer morphology affects properties and how scientists can modify them. The book covers structure development, theory, simulation, and processing; and discusses a broad range of techniques and methods. • Provides an up-to-date, comprehensive introduction to the principles and practices of polymer morphology • Illustrates major structure types, such as semicrystalline morphology, surface-induced polymer crystallization, phase separation, self-assembly, deformation, and surface topography • Covers a variety of polymers, such as homopolymers, block copolymers, polymer thin films, polymer blends, and polymer nanocomposites • Discusses a broad range of advanced and novel techniques and methods, like x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and electron microscopy and their applications in the morphology of polymer materials

Two-dimensional X-ray Diffraction

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Author : Bob B. He
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119356067
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Two-dimensional X-ray Diffraction by : Bob B. He

Download or read book Two-dimensional X-ray Diffraction written by Bob B. He and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-18 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An indispensable resource for researchers and students in materials science, chemistry, physics, and pharmaceuticals Written by one of the pioneers of 2D X-Ray Diffraction, this updated and expanded edition of the definitive text in the field provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals of that analytical method, as well as state-of-the art experimental methods and applications. Geometry convention, x-ray source and optics, two-dimensional detectors, diffraction data interpretation, and configurations for various applications, such as phase identification, texture, stress, microstructure analysis, crystallinity, thin film analysis, and combinatorial screening are all covered in detail. Numerous experimental examples in materials research, manufacture, and pharmaceuticals are provided throughout. Two-dimensional x-ray diffraction is the ideal, non-destructive analytical method for examining samples of all kinds including metals, polymers, ceramics, semiconductors, thin films, coatings, paints, biomaterials, composites, and more. Two-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction, Second Edition is an up-to-date resource for understanding how the latest 2D detectors are integrated into diffractometers, how to get the best data using the 2D detector for diffraction, and how to interpret this data. All those desirous of setting up a 2D diffraction in their own laboratories will find the author’s coverage of the physical principles, projection geometry, and mathematical derivations extremely helpful. Features new contents in all chapters with most figures in full color to reveal more details in illustrations and diffraction patterns Covers the recent advances in detector technology and 2D data collection strategies that have led to dramatic increases in the use of two-dimensional detectors for x-ray diffraction Provides in-depth coverage of new innovations in x-ray sources, optics, system configurations, applications and data evaluation algorithms Contains new methods and experimental examples in stress, texture, crystal size, crystal orientation and thin film analysis Two-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction, Second Edition is an important working resource for industrial and academic researchers and developers in materials science, chemistry, physics, pharmaceuticals, and all those who use x-ray diffraction as a characterization method. Users of all levels, instrument technicians and X-ray laboratory managers, as well as instrument developers, will want to have it on hand.

Magnetic Small-Angle Neutron Scattering

Author : Andreas Michels
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198855176
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnetic Small-Angle Neutron Scattering by : Andreas Michels

Download or read book Magnetic Small-Angle Neutron Scattering written by Andreas Michels and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Small-Angle Neutron Scattering provides the first extensive treatment of magnetic small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The theoretical background required to compute magnetic SANS cross sections and correlation functions related to long-wavelength magnetization structures is laidout. The concepts are scrutinized based on the discussion of experimental neutron data. Regarding prior background knowledge, some familiarity with the basic magnetic interactions and phenomena as well as scattering theory is desired.Besides exposing the different origins of magnetic SANS, and furnishing the basics of the magnetic SANS technique in early chapters, a large part of the book is devoted to a comprehensive treatment of the continuum theory of micromagnetics, as it is relevant for the study of the elastic magneticSANS cross section. Analytical expressions for the magnetization Fourier components allow to highlight the essential features of magnetic SANS and to analyze experimental data both in reciprocal, as well as in real space. Later chapters provide an overview on the magnetic SANS of nanoparticles andso-called complex systems (e.g., ferrofluids, magnetic steels, spin glasses and amorphous magnets). It is this subfield where major progress is expected to be made in the coming years, mainly via the increased usage of numerical micromagnetic simulations (Chapter 7), which is a very promisingapproach for the understanding of the magnetic SANS from systems exhibiting nanoscale spin inhomogeneity.

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, 2 Volume Set

Author : Oliver Diwald
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119436745
Total Pages : 903 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, 2 Volume Set by : Oliver Diwald

Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, 2 Volume Set written by Oliver Diwald and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 903 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide Nanoparticles A complete nanoparticle resource for chemists and industry professionals Metal oxide nanoparticles are integral to a wide range of natural and technological processes—from mineral transformation to electronics. Additionally, the fields of engineering, electronics, energy technology, and electronics all utilize metal oxide nanoparticle powders. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Formation, Functional Properties, and Interfaces presents readers with the most relevant synthesis and formulation approaches for using metal oxide nanoparticles as functional materials. It covers common processing routes and the assessment of physical and chemical particle properties through comprehensive and complementary characterization methods. This book will serve as an introduction to nanoparticle formulation, their interface chemistry and functional properties at the nanoscale. It will also act as an in-depth resource, sharing detailed information on advanced approaches to the physical, chemical, surface, and interface characterization of metal oxide nanoparticle powders and dispersions. Addresses the application of metal oxide nanoparticles and its economic impact Examines particle synthesis, including the principles of selected bottom-up strategies Explores nanoparticle formulation—a selection of processing and application routes Discusses the significance of particle surfaces and interfaces on structure formation, stability and functional materials properties Covers metal oxide nanoparticle characterization at different length scales With this valuable resource, academic researchers, industrial chemists, and PhD students can all gain insight into the synthesis, properties, and applications of metal oxide nanoparticles.