The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030918651X
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-12-21 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Randomized clinical trials are the primary tool for evaluating new medical interventions. Randomization provides for a fair comparison between treatment and control groups, balancing out, on average, distributions of known and unknown factors among the participants. Unfortunately, these studies often lack a substantial percentage of data. This missing data reduces the benefit provided by the randomization and introduces potential biases in the comparison of the treatment groups. Missing data can arise for a variety of reasons, including the inability or unwillingness of participants to meet appointments for evaluation. And in some studies, some or all of data collection ceases when participants discontinue study treatment. Existing guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials, and the analysis of the resulting data, provide only limited advice on how to handle missing data. Thus, approaches to the analysis of data with an appreciable amount of missing values tend to be ad hoc and variable. The Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data in Clinical Trials concludes that a more principled approach to design and analysis in the presence of missing data is both needed and possible. Such an approach needs to focus on two critical elements: (1) careful design and conduct to limit the amount and impact of missing data and (2) analysis that makes full use of information on all randomized participants and is based on careful attention to the assumptions about the nature of the missing data underlying estimates of treatment effects. In addition to the highest priority recommendations, the book offers more detailed recommendations on the conduct of clinical trials and techniques for analysis of trial data.

Signs of Effectiveness in Preventing Alcohol and Other Drug Problems

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (869 download)

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Book Synopsis Signs of Effectiveness in Preventing Alcohol and Other Drug Problems by :

Download or read book Signs of Effectiveness in Preventing Alcohol and Other Drug Problems written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Trust and Betrayal in the Treatment of Child Abuse

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Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 9781572305236
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Trust and Betrayal in the Treatment of Child Abuse by : Laurie K. MacKinnon

Download or read book Trust and Betrayal in the Treatment of Child Abuse written by Laurie K. MacKinnon and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 1999-07-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful volume illuminates why abusive parents often refuse to cooperate with therapists and child protection workers, and shows professionals how to create a better working relationship. Amply illustrated with case examples and interviews with parents, this book offers clear guidelines for therapists working with child-at-risk cases.

Improving Diagnosis in Health Care

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309377722
Total Pages : 473 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Diagnosis in Health Care by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Improving Diagnosis in Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.

Modifying the Communicative Effectiveness of Fire Prevention Signs

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Modifying the Communicative Effectiveness of Fire Prevention Signs by : William S. Folkman

Download or read book Modifying the Communicative Effectiveness of Fire Prevention Signs written by William S. Folkman and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effectiveness of Warning Signs on Consumer Products

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Effectiveness of Warning Signs on Consumer Products by : Shirley Mitsue Otsubo

Download or read book Effectiveness of Warning Signs on Consumer Products written by Shirley Mitsue Otsubo and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Counselling for Maternal and Newborn Health Care

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241547626
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Counselling for Maternal and Newborn Health Care by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Counselling for Maternal and Newborn Health Care written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main aim of this practical Handbookis to strengthen counselling and communication skills of skilled attendants (SAs) and other health providers, helping them to effectively discuss with women, families and communities the key issues surrounding pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, postnatal and post-abortion care. Counselling for Maternal and Newborn Health Careis divided into three main sections. Part 1 is an introduction which describes the aims and objectives and the general layout of the Handbook. Part 2 describes the counselling process and outlines the six key steps to effective counselling. It explores the counselling context and factors that influence this context including the socio-economic, gender, and cultural environment. A series of guiding principles is introduced and specific counselling skills are outlined. Part 3 focuses on different maternal and newborn health topics, including general care in the home during pregnancy; birth and emergency planning; danger signs in pregnancy; post-abortion care; support during labor; postnatal care of the mother and newborn; family planning counselling; breastfeeding; women with HIV/AIDS; death and bereavement; women and violence; linking with the community. Each Session contains specific aims and objectives, clearly outlining the skills that will be developed and corresponding learning outcomes. Practical activities have been designed to encourage reflection, provoke discussions, build skills and ensure the local relevance of information. There is a review at the end of each session to ensure the SAs have understood the key points before they progress to subsequent sessions.

Vital Signs

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309324963
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Vital Signs by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Vital Signs written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-08-26 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thousands of measures are in use today to assess health and health care in the United States. Although many of these measures provide useful information, their usefulness in either gauging or guiding performance improvement in health and health care is seriously limited by their sheer number, as well as their lack of consistency, compatibility, reliability, focus, and organization. To achieve better health at lower cost, all stakeholders - including health professionals, payers, policy makers, and members of the public - must be alert to what matters most. What are the core measures that will yield the clearest understanding and focus on better health and well-being for Americans? Vital Signs explores the most important issues - healthier people, better quality care, affordable care, and engaged individuals and communities - and specifies a streamlined set of 15 core measures. These measures, if standardized and applied at national, state, local, and institutional levels across the country, will transform the effectiveness, efficiency, and burden of health measurement and help accelerate focus and progress on our highest health priorities. Vital Signs also describes the leadership and activities necessary to refine, apply, maintain, and revise the measures over time, as well as how they can improve the focus and utility of measures outside the core set. If health care is to become more effective and more efficient, sharper attention is required on the elements most important to health and health care. Vital Signs lays the groundwork for the adoption of core measures that, if systematically applied, will yield better health at a lower cost for all Americans.

Patient-Reported Outcomes in Performance Measurement

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Publisher : RTI Press
ISBN 13 : 193483114X
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Patient-Reported Outcomes in Performance Measurement by : David Cella

Download or read book Patient-Reported Outcomes in Performance Measurement written by David Cella and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are measures of how patients feel or what they are able to do in the context of their health status; PROs are reports, usually on questionnaires, about a patient's health conditions, health behaviors, or experiences with health care that individuals report directly, without modification of responses by clinicians or others; thus, they directly reflect the voice of the patient. PROs cover domains such as physical health, mental and emotional health, functioning, symptoms and symptom burden, and health behaviors. They are relevant for many activities: helping patients and their clinicians make informed decisions about health care, monitoring the progress of care, setting policies for coverage and reimbursement of health services, improving the quality of health care services, and tracking or reporting on the performance of health care delivery organizations. We address the major methodological issues related to choosing, administering, and using PROs for these purposes, particularly in clinical practice settings. We include a framework for best practices in selecting PROs, focusing on choosing appropriate methods and modes for administering PRO measures to accommodate patients with diverse linguistic, cultural, educational, and functional skills, understanding measures developed through both classic and modern test theory, and addressing complex issues relating to scoring and analyzing PRO data.

Solution-Focused Brief Therapy

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195385721
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Solution-Focused Brief Therapy by : Cynthia Franklin

Download or read book Solution-Focused Brief Therapy written by Cynthia Franklin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-08 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Therapy is frequently miscast as requiring an enormous amount of time and financial commitment, but helpful, goal-oriented therapy can produce positive results after only a few sessions. By focusing on solutions instead of problems, SFBT asks clients to set concrete goals and to draw upon strengths in their lives that can help bring about the desired change for a preferred future.

Treating Drug Problems:

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309043960
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (439 download)

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Book Synopsis Treating Drug Problems: by : Committee for the Substance Abuse Coverage Study

Download or read book Treating Drug Problems: written by Committee for the Substance Abuse Coverage Study and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treating Drug Problems, Volume 2 presents a wealth of incisive and accessible information on the issue of drug abuse and treatment in America. Several papers lay bare the relationship between drug treatment and other aspects of drug policy, including a powerful overview of twentieth century narcotics use in America and a unique account of how the federal government has built and managed the drug treatment system from the 1960s to the present. Two papers focus on the criminal justice system. The remaining papers focus on Employer policies and practices toward illegal drugs. Patterns and cycles of cocaine use in subcultures and the popular culture. Drug treatment from a marketing, supply-and-demand perspective, including an analysis of policy options. Treating Drug Problems, Volume 2 provides important information to policy makers and administrators, drug treatment specialists, and researchers.

Fluoxetine

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781634820769
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (27 download)

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Book Synopsis Fluoxetine by : Graziano Pinna

Download or read book Fluoxetine written by Graziano Pinna and published by . This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluoxetine, best known by the trade name Prozac®, unlike other psychotropic drugs whose effects were serendipitously stumbled upon, was the first developed for a precise mechanism of action, that is, the ability to selectively inhibit serotonin reuptake, based upon the theory that increasing the availability of serotonin would treat major depression. Once approved by the FDA in 1987, fluoxetine quickly became the most prescribed psychotropic drug worldwide and its success in improving mood disorders has triggered the development of a large number of congener molecules, commonly known as SSRIs after their purported mechanism of action. However, a quarter of a century after its development, the idea that fluoxetine asserts its positive behavioral effect through inhibition of serotonergic reuptake is not firmly established. This book reviews several preclinical and clinical reports suggesting that the pharmacological effects of fluoxetine may be mediated by means other than the regulation of serotonin, including the regulation of gene expression, modifying epigenetic mechanisms as well as modifying microRNAs. One of the most prominent mechanisms for the therapeutic relevance of fluoxetine relates to influencing neuroplasticity by enhancing neurotropic factors, including BDNF signaling and altering adult neurogenesis. The ability of fluoxetine to rapidly increase neurosteroid levels accounts for the fast anxiolytic effects of this drug. Fluoxetine action at sigma-1 receptor or modulating glutamatergic neurotransmission as well as the combination of fluoxetine with other psychotropic drugs is discussed in relation to its therapeutic effects. While fluoxetine was primarily prescribed as an antidepressant, this drug currently represents a treatment of choice for a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and a range of anxiety disorders. This drug even possesses analgesic actions and is a valuable therapy for stroke. This book also highlights emerging evidence on the gender-specific effects of fluoxetine, its potential adverse features, including its addiction liability in combination with psychostimulants, and the impact of perinatal fluoxetine exposure.

Effectiveness of an International Symbol Sign

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Effectiveness of an International Symbol Sign by : Merwyn Adolph Kraft

Download or read book Effectiveness of an International Symbol Sign written by Merwyn Adolph Kraft and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Site Reliability Engineering

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Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN 13 : 1491951176
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis Site Reliability Engineering by : Niall Richard Murphy

Download or read book Site Reliability Engineering written by Niall Richard Murphy and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overwhelming majority of a software system’s lifespan is spent in use, not in design or implementation. So, why does conventional wisdom insist that software engineers focus primarily on the design and development of large-scale computing systems? In this collection of essays and articles, key members of Google’s Site Reliability Team explain how and why their commitment to the entire lifecycle has enabled the company to successfully build, deploy, monitor, and maintain some of the largest software systems in the world. You’ll learn the principles and practices that enable Google engineers to make systems more scalable, reliable, and efficient—lessons directly applicable to your organization. This book is divided into four sections: Introduction—Learn what site reliability engineering is and why it differs from conventional IT industry practices Principles—Examine the patterns, behaviors, and areas of concern that influence the work of a site reliability engineer (SRE) Practices—Understand the theory and practice of an SRE’s day-to-day work: building and operating large distributed computing systems Management—Explore Google's best practices for training, communication, and meetings that your organization can use

In Search of Solutions

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Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 9780393704372
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis In Search of Solutions by : Bill O'Hanlon

Download or read book In Search of Solutions written by Bill O'Hanlon and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2003 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1989, In Search of Solutions is a classic statement on the concepts, methodologies, and goals of solution-oriented therapy.

The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People

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Publisher : Macmillan Reference USA
ISBN 13 : 9780783881157
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (811 download)

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Book Synopsis The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People by : Stephen R. Covey

Download or read book The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People written by Stephen R. Covey and published by Macmillan Reference USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A revolutionary guidebook to achieving peace of mind by seeking the roots of human behavior in character and by learning principles rather than just practices. Covey's method is a pathway to wisdom and power.

The Complete Book of Symptoms & Treatments

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Publisher : Element Books, Limited
ISBN 13 : 9781862044241
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (442 download)

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Book Synopsis The Complete Book of Symptoms & Treatments by : Roland Bettschart

Download or read book The Complete Book of Symptoms & Treatments written by Roland Bettschart and published by Element Books, Limited. This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to using both mainstream & complementary treatments to achieve health & wellness, written by a panel of experts in the various fields.