Shii Reformation In Iran

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Shi'i Reformation in Iran

Author : Ali Rahnema
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317055322
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Shi'i Reformation in Iran by : Ali Rahnema

Download or read book Shi'i Reformation in Iran written by Ali Rahnema and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shi 'ism caught the attention of the world as Iran experienced her revolution in 1979 and was subsequently cast in the mold of a monolithic discourse of radical political Islam. The spokespersons of Shi'i Islam, in or out of power, have not been the sole representatives of the faith. Nonconformist and uncompromising, the Shi’i jurist and reformist Shari’at Sangelaji (1891-1944) challenged certain popular Shi’i beliefs and the mainstream clerical establishment, guarding and propagating it. In Shi'i Reformation in Iran, Ali Rahnema offers a fresh understanding of Sangelaji’s reformist discourse from a theological standpoint, and takes readers into the heart of the key religious debates in Iran in the 1940s. Exploring Sangelaji’s life, theological position and disputations, Rahnema demonstrates that far from being change resistant, debates around why and how to reform the faith have long been at the heart of Shi’i Islam. Drawing on the writings and sermons of Sangelaji, as well as interviews with his son, the book provides a detailed and comprehensive introduction to the reformist’s ideas. As such it offers scholars of religion and Middle Eastern politics alike a penetrating insight into the impact that these ideas have had on Shi’ism - an impact which is still felt today.

Shi'i Reformation in Iran the Life and Theology of Shari'at Sangelaji

Author : Ali Rahnema
Publisher : Lund Humphries Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781472434173
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (341 download)

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Book Synopsis Shi'i Reformation in Iran the Life and Theology of Shari'at Sangelaji by : Ali Rahnema

Download or read book Shi'i Reformation in Iran the Life and Theology of Shari'at Sangelaji written by Ali Rahnema and published by Lund Humphries Publishers. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Shi'i Reformation in Iran, Rahnema offers a fresh understanding of Sangelaji's reformist discourse from a theological standpoint, and takes readers into the heart of the key religious debates in Iran in the 1940s. Drawing on the writings of Sangelaji, as well as interviews with his son, the book provides a comprehensive introduction to the reformist's ideas. As such it offers scholars of religion and Middle Eastern politics alike a penetrating insight into the impact that these ideas have had on Shi'ism - an impact which is still felt today.

The Emergence of Modern Shi'ism

Author : Zackery M. Heern
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1780744978
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis The Emergence of Modern Shi'ism by : Zackery M. Heern

Download or read book The Emergence of Modern Shi'ism written by Zackery M. Heern and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a fresh look at the foundations of modern Islam. Scholars often locate the origins of the modern Islamic world in European colonialism or Islamic reactions to European modernity. However, this study focuses on the rise of Islamic movements indigenous to the Middle East, which developed in direct response to the collapse and decentralization of the Islamic gunpowder empires. In other words, the book argues that the Usuli movement as well as Wahhabism and neo-Sufism emerged in reaction to the disintegration and political decentralization of the Safavid, Ottoman, and Mughal empires. The book specifically highlights the emergence of Usuli Shi‘ism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The long-term impact of the Usuli revival was that Shi‘i clerics gained unprecedented social, political, and economic power in Iran and southern Iraq. Usuli clerics claimed authority to issue binding legal judgments, which, they argue, must be observed by all Shi‘is. By the early nineteenth century, Usulism emerged as a popular, fiercely independent, transnational Islamic movement. The Usuli clerics have often operated at the heart of social and political developments in modern Iraq and Iran and today dominate the politics of the region.

Islam and Democracy in Iran

Author : Ziba Mir-Hosseini
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857713752
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam and Democracy in Iran by : Ziba Mir-Hosseini

Download or read book Islam and Democracy in Iran written by Ziba Mir-Hosseini and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today's world all eyes are on Iran, which has grappled with an experiment that has had a massive global impact. For some, the Iranian Revolution of 1978-79 was the triumph of a modern, political Islam, heralding Muslim justice and economic prosperity. Others, including many of the original revolutionaries, saw religious fanatics attempting to roll back time by creating a despotic theocracy. Either way, the Iranian Revolution changed the Muslim world. It not only inspired the Muslim masses but also reinvigorated intellectual debates on the nature and possibilities of an Islamic state. The new 'Islamic Republic of Iran' combined not just religion and the state, but theocracy and democracy. Yet the revolution's heirs were soon engaged in a protracted struggle over its legacy. Dissident thinkers, from within an Islamic framework, sought a rights-based political order that could accept dissent, tolerance, pluralism, women's rights and civil liberties. Their ideas led directly to the presidency of Mohammad Khatami and, despite their political failure, they did leave a permanent legacy by demystifying Iranian religious politics, and condemning the use of the Shariah to justify autocratic rule. This book tells the story of the reformist movement through the world of Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari. An active supporter of the revolution who became one of the most outspoken critics of theocracy, Eshkevari developed ideas of 'Islamic democratic government', which have attracted considerable attention in Iran and elsewhere. In presenting a selection of Eshkevari's writings, this book reveals the intellectual and political trajectory of a Muslim thinker and his attempts to reconcile Islam with reform and democracy. As such it makes a highly original contribution to our understanding of the difficult social and political issues confronting the Islamic world today.

Political Conservatism and Religious Reformation in Iran (1905-1979)

Author : Amir Yahya Ayatollahi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3658366702
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (583 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Conservatism and Religious Reformation in Iran (1905-1979) by : Amir Yahya Ayatollahi

Download or read book Political Conservatism and Religious Reformation in Iran (1905-1979) written by Amir Yahya Ayatollahi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-19 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a theoretical inquiry on the relation of the body politic with the religious movements in the time between the Constitutional Revolution and the Islamic Revolution in Iran; it illustrates speculative and historical analyses on the relationship of state, religion, and socio-political status in the late Qajar dynasty (1905-1925) and the whole Pahlavi monarchy. Particularly, it examines the applicability of “liberal conservatism” to the era of the last Shah of Iran. The thesis defines the term political conservatism in accord with Edmund Burke’s philosophy. It deals next with the definition of religious reformation, the peculiar characteristics of Islam, the Shi'ite political theology, and the contradictory usages of “Islamic reformation” in the literature. The text gives an overview of the two antagonist sides of nationalism. It provides also an analysis of the Islamic Republic as a new political phenomenon in Iranian history and the transformation of all concepts after 1979. Ayatollahi aims to assess the Iranian conservatism, the possibility of conciliation between politics and religion before the collapse of the Pahlavi, and “the conditions of possibility” for any restoration of the monarchy.

Between Foreigners and Shi‘is

Author : Daniel Tsadik
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804779481
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Between Foreigners and Shi‘is by : Daniel Tsadik

Download or read book Between Foreigners and Shi‘is written by Daniel Tsadik and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2007-11-09 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on archival and primary sources in Persian, Hebrew, Judeo-Persian, Arabic, and European languages, Between Foreigners and Shi'is examines the Jews' religious, social, and political status in nineteenth-century Iran. This book, which focuses on Nasir al-Din Shah's reign (1848-1896), is the first comprehensive scholarly attempt to weave all these threads into a single tapestry. This case study of the Jewish minority illuminates broader processes pertaining to other religious minorities and Iranian society in general, and the interaction among intervening foreigners, the Shi'i majority, and local Jews helps us understand Iranian dilemmas that have persisted well beyond the second half of the nineteenth century.

Khomeini, Iranian Revolution, and the Shi'ite Faith

Author : Muḥammad Manẓūr Nuʻmānī
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Khomeini, Iranian Revolution, and the Shi'ite Faith by : Muḥammad Manẓūr Nuʻmānī

Download or read book Khomeini, Iranian Revolution, and the Shi'ite Faith written by Muḥammad Manẓūr Nuʻmānī and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Answering Only to God

Author : Geneive Abdo
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780805075144
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (751 download)

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Book Synopsis Answering Only to God by : Geneive Abdo

Download or read book Answering Only to God written by Geneive Abdo and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2003 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Riveting . . . a side of Iran that is often misrepresented by the world’s media—[an] insightful, captivating book.” —San Francisco Chronicle Taking the reader inside Iran’s key institutions, Geneive Abdo and Jonathan Lyons argue that the 1979 Iranian revolution, long viewed in the West as the pursuit of an imagined medieval Utopia, was in fact a political movement designed to modernize Islam. Twenty years later, a power struggle between conservative and reform elements provoked a clash that has destabilized the country and limited Iran’s ability to integrate with the world community. Answering Only to God challenges the prevailing Western belief that the Islamic world is an undifferentiated mass of disaffected and dangerous fanatics or that a Western-style democracy will soon transform this ancient land of Shi’ite and Sufi tradition. Instead, the authors explore the controversial view that beyond their quarrel with the West, stemming from decades of exploitive foreign policies, the real struggle in Iran is between reformers and conservative mullahs.

The Shiʻa Worlds and Iran

Author : Sabrina Mervin
Publisher : Saqi Books - Saqi Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Shiʻa Worlds and Iran by : Sabrina Mervin

Download or read book The Shiʻa Worlds and Iran written by Sabrina Mervin and published by Saqi Books - Saqi Books. This book was released on 2010 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A meticulously researched volume that presents the Shi'a worlds in all their complexities.

Judicial Reform and Reorganization in 20th Century Iran

Author : Majid Mohammadi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135893438
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (358 download)

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Book Synopsis Judicial Reform and Reorganization in 20th Century Iran by : Majid Mohammadi

Download or read book Judicial Reform and Reorganization in 20th Century Iran written by Majid Mohammadi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran is now at the center of political and social developments in the Middle East. This book examines the reform of the judicial system in 20th century Iran and is the first to relate state-building process with rule of law promotion and judicial reform in the region. This subject occupies the critical juncture of three developments in the contemporary study of Iranian society as an important and early case of social revolution and reform in the Middle East: the state-building process in a non-Western country throughout the 20th century, the incorporation of a non-Western Muslim country into the Western legal framework through codification and transplantation (1911-1979), and the Islamicization process after this critical social development and the Islamic Revolution of 1979. This exceptional study furthers our understanding of Iranian modern history as well as the democratization process, human rights and rule of law issues in the Middle East.

The History of Shi'ism and Iranian Shi'ism

Author : Sophie Duhnkrack
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640517040
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Shi'ism and Iranian Shi'ism by : Sophie Duhnkrack

Download or read book The History of Shi'ism and Iranian Shi'ism written by Sophie Duhnkrack and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-01-22 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 85, Ben Gurion University, course: Iran , language: English, abstract: Ervand Abrahamian introduces his work Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic with a discussion of two terms interesting for an analysis of the Islamic Revolution, particularly considering Western images of Khomeini and his movement: fundamentalism and populism. These ideologically loaded concepts depict the book’s central thesis, namely that fundamentalism is not an appropriate term for describing Khomeini, his ideas and movement. According to Abrahamian, it alludes “religious inflexibility, ... political traditionalism, ... social conservatism, the centrality of scriptural-doctrinal principles, [and] ... the rejection of the modern world.” He instead presents populism as a more apposite term, which “connotes attempts made by nation-states to enter that world.” The scholars Daniele Albertazzi and Duncam McDonnell define ‘populism’ in a widely accepted definition as an ideology which pits a virtuous and homogeneous people against a set of elites and dangerous ‘others’ who are together depicted as depriving (or attempting to deprive) the sovereign people of their rights, values, prosperity, identity and voice. Essentially approving of Abrahamian’s cited thesis, this essay attempts to illustrate that the Islamic Revolution, led by Ayatollah Khomeini, does not represent a movement driven by “religious fundamentalism” or “fanaticism,” but the Iranian way of emancipation from domestic and foreign oppression and domination, materialized by the Shah and the West. This thesis will be developed through exploring the Shi’ite history and especially its appearance in Iran. Furthermore it will continually explore the religion’s revolutionary and supposedly fanatical characteristics and its contribution to the 1979 revolution, which, as its leader Khomeini, Western mainstream media often denounce as fundamentalist and radical.

Post-revolutionary Politics in Iran

Author : David Menashri
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 0714650749
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-revolutionary Politics in Iran by : David Menashri

Download or read book Post-revolutionary Politics in Iran written by David Menashri and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of this book examines domestic developments and their influence on Iran's policy and posture. The second explores Iran's regional ambitions and politics.

Reinventing Khomeini

Author : Daniel Brumberg
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226077581
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (775 download)

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Book Synopsis Reinventing Khomeini by : Daniel Brumberg

Download or read book Reinventing Khomeini written by Daniel Brumberg and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2001-04-15 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinventing Khomeini offers a new interpretation of the political battles that paved the way for reform in Iran. Brumberg argues that these conflicts did not result from a sudden ideological shift; nor did the election of President Mohammad Khatami in 1997 really defy the core principles of the Islamic Revolution. To the contrary, the struggle for a more democratic Iran can be traced to the revolution itself, and to the contradictory agendas of the revolution's founding father, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. A complex figure, Khomeini was a fervent champion of Islam, but while he sought a Shi'ite vision of clerical rule under one Supreme Leader, he also strove to mesh that vision with an implicitly Western view of mass participatory politics. The intense magnetism and charisma of the ayatollah obscured this paradox. But reformers in Iran today, while rejecting his autocratic vision, are reviving the constitutional notions of government that he considered, and even casting themselves as the bearers of his legacy. In Reinventing Khomeini, Brumberg proves that the ayatollah is as much the author of modern Iran as he is the symbol of its fundamentalist past.

Shi'ism, Resistance, And Revolution

Author : Martin Kramer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000311430
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Shi'ism, Resistance, And Revolution by : Martin Kramer

Download or read book Shi'ism, Resistance, And Revolution written by Martin Kramer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent revival of interest in the Muslim world has generated numerous studies of modern Islam, most of them focusing on the Sunni majority. Shi'ism, an often stigmatized minority branch of Islam, has been discussed mainly in connection with Iran. Yet Shi'i movements have been extraordinarily effective in creating political strategies that have

Islam and Dissent in Postrevolutionary Iran

Author : Behrooz Ghamari-Tabrizi
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1786724928
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam and Dissent in Postrevolutionary Iran by : Behrooz Ghamari-Tabrizi

Download or read book Islam and Dissent in Postrevolutionary Iran written by Behrooz Ghamari-Tabrizi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2008-04-08 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Islamic Republic of Iran came into being in 1979, the result of a radical revolution that overhauled not only the foundations of Iranian society, religion and politics, but also our understanding of the role of religion in modern government. Here Behrooz Ghamari-Tabrizi takes us on an enlightening journey, showing that contrary to widespread assumptions the Iranian revolution opened up the public sphere to competing interpretations of Islam, with profound consequences for the nature of democratic reform. Ghamari-Tabrizi sheds new light on the contingencies within which the new regime evolved, and traces the steps by which the clerical establishment sought to consolidate power during the immediate postrevolutionary period. Contrary to the received view, he argues that the ruling class failed to institute a theocratic regime, and, more significantly, unintentionally established the grounds for civic challenges to government policies underwritten by official interpretations of Islam. Far from being the exclusive preserve of high-ranking seminarians, interpretations of doctrinal Islam in contemporary Iran now form a contested, varied and negotiated discourse in which lay theologians, intellectuals, lawyers and social activists are active and influential interlocutors. Against the background of this unexpected development, Ghamari-Tabrizi addresses the early and late works of Abdolkarim Soroush, an Iranian philosopher who has become one of the most influential Muslim intellectuals in recent years, a leading force behind Iran's pro-democracy movement and vocal critic of the state. Through a close reading of Soroush's evolving ideas, and of the works of Ali Shari`ati, and by tracing the links between Muslim intellectual critique and the realpolitik of postrevolutionary power struggles, Ghamari-Tabrizi offers nothing less than a pathbreaking reassessment of the Iranian revolution. In so doing, he demonstrates how democratic transformation in Muslim societies has taken place by means of a public engagement with the teachings of Islam and highlights a most significant, if unintended, consequences of the Iranian revolution - namely the secularization of Islam. Drawing on a wealth of sources and with powerful insights, 'Islam and Dissent' is essential for an understanding of the Muslim world today and of the new relationships between religion, culture and political power visible across the globe.

The Origins of Modern Reform in Iran, 1870-80

Author : Guity Nashat
Publisher : Urbana : University of Illinois Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Modern Reform in Iran, 1870-80 by : Guity Nashat

Download or read book The Origins of Modern Reform in Iran, 1870-80 written by Guity Nashat and published by Urbana : University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Shaping the Current Islamic Reformation

Author : B.A. Roberson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135763011
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)

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Book Synopsis Shaping the Current Islamic Reformation by : B.A. Roberson

Download or read book Shaping the Current Islamic Reformation written by B.A. Roberson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays that comprise this study eschew stereotypical representations of a politicized Islam in the Mediterranean Region. The contributors consider the reality that lies behind current issues in the area and the role that an embedded Islam has played or may play in the region.