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Share Repurchases A Review Of Literature Study
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Download or read book Stock Buybacks written by Joseph Abbott and published by Yri Press. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several Progressive politicians have pounced on corporate share buybacks lately. They see buybacks as a major source of income and wealth inequality, subpar capital spending, and lackluster productivity. In their opinion, buybacks have contributed greatly to the stagnation of the standards of living of most Americans in recent years. So they want to limit buybacks or even ban them. Some of Wall Street's stock-market bears have been growling about buybacks as well. They've been arguing that buybacks have rigged the stock market in favor of the bulls. They claim that companies buy back their stock to boost their share prices, using debt to finance this dubious activity. As a result, corporate balance sheets have become increasingly leveraged, which makes them vulnerable to a recession. Widespread corporate leverage, in turn, would exacerbate any economic downturn. The bears therefore remain bearish and expect to be vindicated with a vengeance, eventually. In this study, Edward Yardeni and Joseph Abbott show that the facts don't support either narrative. The most common reason that S&P 500 companies buy back their shares is to offset the dilution in the number of shares outstanding that results when employee compensation takes the form of stock options and stock grants that vest over time, not just for top executives but for many employees. In effect, the ultimate source of funds for most stock buybacks is the employee compensation expense item on corporate income statements, not bond issuance as the bears contend. The authors explain that the bull market in stocks has boosted buybacks to a greater extent than buybacks have boosted the market, whereas the opposite is more widely believed. Rising stock prices increase the attractiveness of paying some of employees' compensation with stock grants. Buybacks then are necessary to offset the dilution of earnings per share. While the latest bull market, like previous ones, has been driven by rising earnings, it's a Wall Street legend that earnings per share have been boosted artificially and significantly by stock buybacks. It may seem that way only because what lift buybacks have provided to stock prices is highly visible, occurring in the open market, whereas companies' need to offset stock issuance with stock repurchases is less apparent. The authors also refute Progressives' pervasive narrative that most Americans' standards of living have stagnated in recent decades and that buybacks per se have worsened income inequality.
Book Synopsis Stock Buyback Motivations and Consequences: A Literature Review by : Alvin Chen
Download or read book Stock Buyback Motivations and Consequences: A Literature Review written by Alvin Chen and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once infrequently used, stock buybacks have become the dominant form of corporate payouts in the new century. Hundreds of billions of dollars flow from public companies to their shareholders via share repurchases every year. This literature review presents the main findings from the academic literature on stock buybacks in the United States and around the world. Where appropriate and possible, it compares and contrasts the insights of researchers to the views of practitioners. There has been much controversy about share repurchases in recent years. On the one hand, proponents of share repurchases say that this payout method provides liquidity and price support, returns excess cash in a flexible way, corrects undervaluation, and conveys information to the market. These aspects of buybacks are also often cited by practitioners as motivations for their share repurchase decisions. Academic research provides evidence that supports this view as well. On the other hand, opponents of buybacks argue that the practice may be used to manipulate executive compensation and mislead investors. While these aspects of share repurchase are rarely mentioned by corporate executives, academic research lends some credence to these concerns. Overall, academic researchers agree that while stock buybacks may be misused, this payout method has clear advantages. Hence, the challenge is to provide the right combination of oversight that allows companies to benefit from those advantages while minimizing potential costs. Finally, the studies surveyed in this review point out that a company’s buyback decision is tightly linked to many of its other policies, such as capital structure, compensation, risk management, and disclosure. Consequently, share repurchase policy discussions should also recognize the implications of the proposed changes for other corporate policies.
Download or read book Payout Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dividend policy continues to be among the premier unsolved puzzles in finance. A number of theories have been advanced to explain dividend policy. This e-book briefly reviews the principal theories of payout policy and dividend policy and summarizes the empirical evidence on these theories. Empirical evidence is equivocal and the search for new explanation for dividends continues.
Book Synopsis Corporate Payout Policy by : Harry DeAngelo
Download or read book Corporate Payout Policy written by Harry DeAngelo and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate Payout Policy synthesizes the academic research on payout policy and explains "how much, when, and how". That is (i) the overall value of payouts over the life of the enterprise, (ii) the time profile of a firm's payouts across periods, and (iii) the form of those payouts. The authors conclude that today's theory does a good job of explaining the general features of corporate payout policies, but some important gaps remain. So while our emphasis is to clarify "what we know" about payout policy, the authors also identify a number of interesting unresolved questions for future research. Corporate Payout Policy discusses potential influences on corporate payout policy including managerial use of payouts to signal future earnings to outside investors, individuals' behavioral biases that lead to sentiment-based demands for distributions, the desire of large block stockholders to maintain corporate control, and personal tax incentives to defer payouts. The authors highlight four important "carry-away" points: the literature's focus on whether repurchases will (or should) drive out dividends is misplaced because it implicitly assumes that a single payout vehicle is optimal; extant empirical evidence is strongly incompatible with the notion that the primary purpose of dividends is to signal managers' views of future earnings to outside investors; over-confidence on the part of managers is potentially a first-order determinant of payout policy because it induces them to over-retain resources to invest in dubious projects and so behavioral biases may, in fact, turn out to be more important than agency costs in explaining why investors pressure firms to accelerate payouts; the influence of controlling stockholders on payout policy --- particularly in non-U.S. firms, where controlling stockholders are common --- is a promising area for future research. Corporate Payout Policy is required reading for both researchers and practitioners interested in understanding this central topic in corporate finance and governance.
Book Synopsis Share Repurchases by : Theo Vermaelen
Download or read book Share Repurchases written by Theo Vermaelen and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2005 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This survey derives some of the key results on the taxation of international investment in variants of one model of multinational investment.
Book Synopsis Corporate Share Buybacks by : Gilbert Amahoro Ndayisaba
Download or read book Corporate Share Buybacks written by Gilbert Amahoro Ndayisaba and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book integrates elements from agency theory and signalling theory and draws upon recent changes in the Australian payout policy and incentives pay for risk-averse employees to provide theoretical and empirical analyses that explain the paradox of the popularity of on-market stock buyback activities in a market environment characterised by reasonably high share prices. The authors utilise a dynamic model that rationalises this paradox, which is divided into three components. The first component predicts that executives may be conducting on-market stock buyback programmes (SBPs) to adjust equity-based remuneration for risk-averse employees, thereby motivating their performance without granting them additional costly equity incentive plans (EIPs); the second component predicts that companies are likely to invest in SBPs to increase the ownership stakes of employees in the firm, thereby inducing risk-averse employees to increase their productivity which increases firm value; while the third component predicts that shareholders would benefit from incentives-induced buybacks if a firm’s opportunity cost of funds spent on buybacks is less than its inverse price-to-earnings ratio. The authors’ findings highlight differences in the market responses towards announced repurchase motives, implying that not all incentives-induced buybacks are value-destructive buybacks. Specifically, the widespread assumption that SBPs stifle investments in human and capital stock may be subjective as the findings show that incentives-induced buybacks may be value-creative or value-destructive depending on share repurchase motives of SBPs. This book will be a useful guide for scholars and researchers of finance, corporate finance, financial economics and financial accounting.
Book Synopsis Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2023 by : Wiley
Download or read book Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2023 written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-03-21 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Banish test anxiety before taking Level II of the CFA certification exam Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2023 is a concise summary of the concepts covered on Level II of the CFA certification exams. Rather than act as a primary study tool, the book offers an effective and efficient way to review the subjects covered by the exam. The book covers: · Ethical and professional standards · Financial analysis tools, including quantitative methods, economics, and financial reporting and analysis · Portfolio management and analysis, including corporate finance · Assets, including equity investments, derivatives, fixed income, and alternative investments Perfect for any prospective CFA Level II exam taker seeking to improve their confidence with the test’s subject matter, Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2023 is a must-have resource for improving your retention and understanding of core concepts licensed CFAs use every day.
Book Synopsis The Equity Risk Premium: A Contextual Literature Review by : Laurence B. Siegel
Download or read book The Equity Risk Premium: A Contextual Literature Review written by Laurence B. Siegel and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2017-12-08 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into the equity risk premium, often considered the most important number in finance, falls into three broad groupings. First, researchers have measured the margin by which equity total returns have exceeded fixed-income or cash returns over long historical periods and have projected this measure of the equity risk premium into the future. Second, the dividend discount model—or a variant of it, such as an earnings discount model—is used to estimate the future return on an equity index, and the fixed-income or cash yield is then subtracted to arrive at an equity risk premium expectation or forecast. Third, academics have used macroeconomic techniques to estimate what premium investors might rationally require for taking the risk of equities. Current thinking emphasizes the second, or dividend discount, approach and projects an equity risk premium centered on 3½% to 4%.
Book Synopsis Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2020 by : Wiley
Download or read book Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2020 written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The CFA Institute has announced that all 2021 exams will continue to reflect the official 2020 curriculum. Wiley's 11th Hour Final Review Guide for 2020 Level II CFA Exam compacts all readings tested on the 2020 CFA exam into one portable volume. Organized in order, this best-selling guide has helped thousands of candidates from over one-hundred countries pass the CFA exam. Designed to boil it all down to the crucial concepts, formulas and rules, this guide ensures candidates are familiar with the most important testable information. It's difficult to go over multiple books in the last few weeks before the exam, so Wiley's 11th Hour Review Guide does the work for you—condensing each reading down to two- to five pages. Enter the exam room with confidence and reinforce your knowledge and preparation! This comprehensive guide complements Wiley's CFA Study Guides sold separately but may be used with any review course. An effective, efficient study guide, this book prepares you to reach the next level in your career. "The Eleventh Hour Review book is simply brilliant. Virtually every sentence it contains is testable—it's an absolute must-have for every Level I candidate." —Ameer, UK "The eleventh hour guide was a great help." —Konrad, South Africa "I used your eleventh hour guide and mock exams for the last bit of my studying and greatly enjoyed your material. Out of all of the exam prep material, I thought [yours] was the best." —Thomas, USA "Thanks to the team for writing the most intelligent Chartered Financial Analyst material I have seen to date. The eleventh hour guide is absolute genius and proving very valuable at this stage of the revision process." —Doug, UK
Book Synopsis Corporate Takeovers by : Alan J. Auerbach
Download or read book Corporate Takeovers written by Alan J. Auerbach and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-12-30 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The takeover boom that began in the mid-1980s has exhibited many phenomena not previously observed, such as hostile takeovers and takeover defenses, a widespread use of cash as a means of payment for targeted firms, and the acquisitions of companies ranking among the largest in the country. With the aim of more fully understanding the implications of such occurances, contributors to this volume consider a broad range of issues as they analyze mergers and acquisitions and study the takeoveer process itself.
Book Synopsis Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2022 by : Wiley
Download or read book Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2022 written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-12-09 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Banish test anxiety before taking Level II of the CFA certification exam Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2022 is a concise summary of the concepts covered on Level II of the CFA certification exams. Rather than act as a primary study tool, the book offers an effective and efficient way to review the subjects covered by the exam. The book covers: Ethical and professional standards Financial analysis tools, including quantitative methods, economics, and financial reporting and analysis Portfolio management and analysis, including corporate finance Assets, including equity investments, derivatives, fixed income, and alternative investments Perfect for any prospective CFA Level II exam taker seeking to improve their confidence with the test’s subject matter, Wiley's Level II CFA Program 11th Hour Final Review Study Guide 2022 is a must-have resource for improving your retention and understanding of core concepts licensed CFAs use every day.
Book Synopsis Survey Research in Corporate Finance by : H. Kent Baker
Download or read book Survey Research in Corporate Finance written by H. Kent Baker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate finance is a multifaceted discipline in which everything works in theory but not necessarily in practice. To bridge this gap, intelligently designed and executed surveys are essential in empirically validating conceptual hypotheses and the relative usefulness of various theories. Survey Research in Corporate Finance is a unique summary of state-of-the-art survey research in finance. Baker, Singleton, and Veit catalog and discuss the most important contributions to the field and provide a longitudinal perspective unavailable anywhere else. They offer an objective look at the role survey research in finance should play and illustrate the general and particular aspects of the form this research should take, how it is typically carried out, and how it should ideally be carried out, taking into account considerations developed throughout the book. The book provides financial researchers with a useful overview of survey methodology, synthesizes the major streams or clusters of survey research in corporate finance, and offers a valuable resource and guide for those interested in conducting and reading survey research in finance. Because a variety of views exist on the role of survey research in corporate finance, the authors present key findings from the varying perspectives of finance academics, finance journal editors, and finance practitioners. Synthesizing survey results on major issues in finance and offering knowledge learned from years of communications between academics and practitioners, Survey Research in Corporate Finance enables students and scholars of finance, as well as decision makers in many different kinds of firms, to actually determine how the theories on which their work is based actually play out in practice. This book is an essential, one-of-a-kind reference for any practitioners or academics interested in survey research in corporate finance.
Book Synopsis The Outsiders by : William Thorndike
Download or read book The Outsiders written by William Thorndike and published by Harvard Business Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It's time to redefine the CEO success story. Meet eight iconoclastic leaders who helmed firms where returns on average outperformed the S&P 500 by more than 20 times.
Book Synopsis Financing Opportunity by : Norbert J. Michel
Download or read book Financing Opportunity written by Norbert J. Michel and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 2024-10-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial markets have fueled American prosperity for more than two centuries, so why are they often distrusted and criticized as harmful? The United States has had robust financial markets practically from the date the nation was founded. Within several years of ratifying the Constitution, the depth and breadth of America's banking and securities markets rivaled those of any other developed nation. And that's a good thing. America's financial system is inseparable from America's enormous growth, productivity, and prosperity. And while it's become popular to lay a host of ills at the feet of financial markets, markets are not themselves the cause of financial instability, income stagnation, or declining investment in productive endeavors. While our system is not perfect, many people would likely be shocked to learn just how many financial market deficiencies have been caused by harmful government policies. By providing historical context and a thorough yet easily accessible explanation of US financial markets, authors Norbert Michel and Jennifer Schulp provide a much-needed counterpoint to current debates and criticisms. Financing Opportunity not only busts many popular myths about financial markets but also proposes ways to improve how our financial markets function. With financial markets and American opportunity so closely tied, financial policy is vital to supporting growth, productivity, and prosperity.
Book Synopsis Advances in Taxation by : John Hasseldine
Download or read book Advances in Taxation written by John Hasseldine and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-19 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents studies from expert contributors exploring topics such as: corporate tax planning, tax-related accounting misstatements and uncertain tax positions, financial statement readability, the tax effects of a major pension scheme change, and non-professional investor and taxpayer judgments and perceptions.
Book Synopsis The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance by :
Download or read book The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance written by and published by . This book was released on 2012-02 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dividends and Dividend Policy by : H. Kent Baker
Download or read book Dividends and Dividend Policy written by H. Kent Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dividends And Dividend Policy As part of the Robert W. Kolb Series in Finance, Dividends and Dividend Policy aims to be the essential guide to dividends and their impact on shareholder value. Issues concerning dividends and dividend policy have always posed challenges to both academics and professionals. While all the pieces to the dividend puzzle may not be in place yet, the information found here can help you gain a firm understanding of this dynamic discipline. Comprising twenty-eight chapters—contributed by both top academics and financial experts in the field—this well-rounded resource discusses everything from corporate dividend decisions to the role behavioral finance plays in dividend policy. Along the way, you'll gain valuable insights into the history, trends, and determinants of dividends and dividend policy, and discover the different approaches firms are taking when it comes to dividends. Whether you're a seasoned financial professional or just beginning your journey in the world of finance, having a firm understanding of the issues surrounding dividends and dividend policy is now more important than ever. With this book as your guide, you'll be prepared to make the most informed dividend-related decisions possible—even in the most challenging economic conditions. The Robert W. Kolb Series in Finance is an unparalleled source of information dedicated to the most important issues in modern finance. Each book focuses on a specific topic in the field of finance and contains contributed chapters from both respected academics and experienced financial professionals.
