Self Cultivation Philosophies In Ancient India Greece And China

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Self-cultivation Philosophies in Ancient India, Greece, and China

Author : Christopher W. Gowans
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780190941031
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-cultivation Philosophies in Ancient India, Greece, and China by : Christopher W. Gowans

Download or read book Self-cultivation Philosophies in Ancient India, Greece, and China written by Christopher W. Gowans and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The book defends the thesis that the concept of self-cultivation philosophy is an informative interpretive framework for comprehending and reflecting on several philosophical outlooks in India, the Greco-Roman world and China. On the basis of an understanding of human nature and the place of human beings in the world, self-cultivation philosophies maintain that our lives can and should be substantially transformed from what is judged to be a problematic, untutored condition of human beings, our existential starting-point, into what is put forward as an ideal state of being. We are to do this by undertaking a set of therapeutic or spiritual exercises guided by some philosophical analysis. The self-cultivation philosophies in India are expressed in: the Bhagavad Gītā; the Sāṃkhya and Yoga philosophies of Īśvarakṛṣṇa and Patañjali; and teaching of the Buddha and his followers Buddhaghosa and Śāntideva. The philosophies originating in Greece, with subsequent development in the Roman period, are the most prominent Hellenistic approaches: the Epicureanism of Epicurus, Lucretius and Philodemus; the Stoicism of Chrysippus, Epictetus and Seneca; and Pyrrho and the Pyrrhonism of Sextus Empiricus. The self-cultivation philosophies from China are the early Confucian outlooks of Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi; the classical Daoist perspectives of the Daodejing and the Zhuangzi; and the Chan tradition of Bodhidharma, Huineng and Linji"--

Self-Cultivation Philosophies in Ancient India, Greece, and China

Author : Christopher W. Gowans
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190941022
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-Cultivation Philosophies in Ancient India, Greece, and China by : Christopher W. Gowans

Download or read book Self-Cultivation Philosophies in Ancient India, Greece, and China written by Christopher W. Gowans and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The book defends the thesis that the concept of self-cultivation philosophy is an informative interpretive framework for comprehending and reflecting on several philosophical outlooks in India, the Greco-Roman world and China. On the basis of an understanding of human nature and the place of human beings in the world, self-cultivation philosophies maintain that our lives can and should be substantially transformed from what is judged to be a problematic, untutored condition of human beings, our existential starting-point, into what is put forward as an ideal state of being. We are to do this by undertaking a set of therapeutic or spiritual exercises guided by some philosophical analysis. The self-cultivation philosophies in India are expressed in: the Bhagavad Gītā; the Sāṃkhya and Yoga philosophies of Īśvarakṛṣṇa and Patañjali; and teaching of the Buddha and his followers Buddhaghosa and Śāntideva. The philosophies originating in Greece, with subsequent development in the Roman period, are the most prominent Hellenistic approaches: the Epicureanism of Epicurus, Lucretius and Philodemus; the Stoicism of Chrysippus, Epictetus and Seneca; and Pyrrho and the Pyrrhonism of Sextus Empiricus. The self-cultivation philosophies from China are the early Confucian outlooks of Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi; the classical Daoist perspectives of the Daodejing and the Zhuangzi; and the Chan tradition of Bodhidharma, Huineng and Linji"--

Moral Education and the Ethics of Self-Cultivation

Author : Michael A. Peters
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811380279
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Education and the Ethics of Self-Cultivation by : Michael A. Peters

Download or read book Moral Education and the Ethics of Self-Cultivation written by Michael A. Peters and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-30 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educational philosophies of self-cultivation as the cultural foundation and philosophical ethos for education have strong and historically effective traditions stretching back to antiquity in the classical ‘cradle’ civilizations of China and East Asia, India and Pakistan, Greece and Anatolia, focused on the cultural traditions in Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism in the East and Hellenistic philosophy in the West. This volume in East-West dialogues in philosophy of education examines both Confucian and Western classical traditions revealing that although each provides its own distinct figure of the virtuous person, they are remarkably similar in their conception and emphasis on moral self-cultivation as a practical answer to how humans become virtuous. The collection also examines self-cultivation in Japanese traditions and also the nature of Michel Foucault’s work in relation to ethical and aesthetic ideals of Hellenistic self-cultivation.

Self-Cultivation in Chinese and Greek Philosophy

Author : David Machek
Publisher : Bloomsbury Academic
ISBN 13 : 9781350267145
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (671 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-Cultivation in Chinese and Greek Philosophy by : David Machek

Download or read book Self-Cultivation in Chinese and Greek Philosophy written by David Machek and published by Bloomsbury Academic. This book was released on 2025-04-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In early China and ancient Greece, self-cultivation was considered crucial for leading a flourishing, fulfilled life. In this cross-cultural study, David Machek presents and interprets six influential Greek and Chinese self-cultivation theories advocated by Mengzi, Zhuangzi and Xunzi, as well as Plato, Aristotle and the Stoics, in order to put forward the overarching narrative that self-cultivation amounts to strengthening the best part of the human self – the heart in the Chinese context, and the mind in the Greek context. Advancing new readings of classic texts, Machek shows that Greek approaches to self-cultivation privilege intellectual pursuits, while Chinese approaches give more weight to non-intellectual activities, such as learning manual crafts and performing rituals. He also demonstrates how both ancient traditions understand the self as a heterogeneous community of organic entities, each needing different provisions to flourish, which aligns the ancient Greek view closer to the early Chinese view. As such, this book reinforces the underlying structural and conceptual similarities between the two traditions and makes an important contribution to diversifying philosophical conversations.

Self-cultivation in Ancient Chinese and Greek Thought

Author : David Machek
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781350267169
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (671 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-cultivation in Ancient Chinese and Greek Thought by : David Machek

Download or read book Self-cultivation in Ancient Chinese and Greek Thought written by David Machek and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In early China and ancient Greece, self-cultivation was considered crucial for leading a flourishing, fulfilled life. In this cross-cultural study, David Machek presents and interprets six influential Greek and Chinese self-cultivation theories advocated by Mengzi, Zhuangzi and Xunzi, as well as Plato, Aristotle and the Stoics, in order to put forward the overarching narrative that self-cultivation amounts to strengthening the best part of the human self -- the heart in the Chinese context, and the mind in the Greek context. Advancing new readings of classic texts, Machek shows that Greek approaches to self-cultivation privilege intellectual pursuits, while Chinese approaches give more weight to non-intellectual activities, such as learning manual crafts and performing rituals. He also demonstrates how both ancient traditions understand the self as a heterogeneous community of organic entities, each needing different provisions to flourish, which aligns the ancient Greek view closer to the early Chinese view. As such, this book reinforces the underlying structural and conceptual similarities between the two traditions and makes an important contribution to diversifying philosophical conversations."--

Cultivating a Good Life in Early Chinese and Ancient Greek Philosophy

Author : Karyn Lai
Publisher : Bloomsbury Academic
ISBN 13 : 9781350169111
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (691 download)

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Book Synopsis Cultivating a Good Life in Early Chinese and Ancient Greek Philosophy by : Karyn Lai

Download or read book Cultivating a Good Life in Early Chinese and Ancient Greek Philosophy written by Karyn Lai and published by Bloomsbury Academic. This book was released on 2020-06-25 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book engages in cross-tradition scholarship, investigating the processes associated with cultivating or nurturing the self in order to live good lives. Both Ancient Chinese and Greek philosophers provide accounts of the life lived well: a Confucian junzi, a Daoist sage and a Greek phronimos. By focusing on the processes rather than the aims of cultivating a good life, an international team of scholars investigate how a person develops and practices a way of life especially in these two traditions. They look at what is involved in developing practical wisdom, exercising reason, cultivating equanimity and fostering reliability. Drawing on the insights of thinkers including Plato, Confucius, Han Fei and Marcus Aurelius, they examine themes of harmony, balance and beauty, highlight the different concerns of scepticism across both traditions, and discuss action as an indispensable method of learning and, indeed, as constitutive of self. The result is a valuable collection opening up new lines of inquiry in ethics, demonstrating the importance of philosophical ideas from across cultural traditions.

Shizi

Author :
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231504179
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Shizi by :

Download or read book Shizi written by and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-03 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By blending multiple strands of thought into one ideology, Chinese Syncretists of the pre-imperial period created an essential guide to contemporary ideas about self, society, and government. Merging traditions such as Ruism, Mohism, Daoism, Legalism, and Yin-Yang naturalism into their work, Syncretists created an integrated intellectual approach that contrasts with other, more specific philosophies. Presenting the first full English translation of the earliest example of a Syncretist text, this volume introduces Western scholars to both the brilliance of the syncretic method and a critical work of Chinese leadership. Written by Shi Jiao, China's first syncretic thinker, during the Warring States Period of 481 to 221 BCE, Shizi is similar to Machiavelli's The Prince in that it dispenses wisdom to would-be rulers. It stresses the need for leaders to be detached and objective. It further encourages self-cultivation and effective government, recommending that rulers maintain self-discipline, hire reliable people, delegate power transparently, and promote others in an orderly fashion. The people, it is argued, will emulate their leader's wisdom and virtue, and a just and peaceful state will result. Paul Fischer provides an extensive introduction and a chapter-by-chapter summary and analysis of the text—outlining the importance of syncretism in Chinese culture—and explores the text's particular features, authorship, transmission, loss, and reconstruction over time. The Shizi set the stage for a long history of syncretic endeavor in China, and its study provides insight into the vital traditions of early Chinese philosophy. It is also a template for interpreting other well-known works, such as the Confucian Analects, the Daoist Laozi, the Mohist Mozi, and the Legalist Shang jun shu.

After Confucius

Author : Paul R. Goldin
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824873998
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis After Confucius by : Paul R. Goldin

Download or read book After Confucius written by Paul R. Goldin and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2017-04-01 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After Confucius is a collection of eight studies of Chinese philosophy from the time of Confucius to the formation of the empire in the second and third centuries B.C.E. As detailed in a masterful introduction, each essay serves as a concrete example of “thick description”—an approach invented by philosopher Gilbert Ryle—which aims to reveal the logic that informs an observable exchange among members of a community or society. To grasp the significance of such exchanges, it is necessary to investigate the networks of meaning on which they rely. Paul R. Goldin argues that the character of ancient Chinese philosophy can be appreciated only if we recognize the cultural codes underlying the circulation of ideas in that world. Thick description is the best preliminary method to determine how Chinese thinkers conceived of their own enterprise. Who were the ancient Chinese philosophers? What was their intended audience? What were they arguing about? How did they respond to earlier thinkers, and to each other? Why did those in power wish to hear from them, and what did they claim to offer in return for patronage? Goldin addresses these questions as he looks at several topics, including rhetorical conventions of Chinese philosophical literature; the value of recently excavated manuscripts for the interpretation of the more familiar, received literature; and the duty of translators to convey the world of concerns of the original texts. Each of the cases investigated in this wide-ranging volume exemplifies the central conviction behind Goldin’s plea for thick description: We do not do justice to classical Chinese philosophy unless we engage squarely the complex and ancient culture that engendered it. An electronic version of this book is freely available thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched, a collaborative initiative designed to make high-quality books open access for the public good. The open-access version of this book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which means that the work may be freely downloaded and shared for non-commercial purposes, provided credit is given to the author. Derivative works and commercial uses require permission from the publisher.

Moral Dilemmas

Author : Christopher W. Gowans
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195042719
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Dilemmas by : Christopher W. Gowans

Download or read book Moral Dilemmas written by Christopher W. Gowans and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1987 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this volume illuminate a central topic in ethical theory: moral dilemmas. Some contemporary philosophers dispute the traditional view that a true moral dilemma - a situation in which a person has two irreconcilable moral duties - cannot exist. The book provides the historical background to the on-going debate with selections from Kant, Mill, Bradley, and Ross. The best recent work is represented in essays by Donagan, Foot, Hare, Marcus, Nagel, van Fraassen, Williams, and others.

Philosophy of the Buddha

Author : Christopher Gowans
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113446973X
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of the Buddha by : Christopher Gowans

Download or read book Philosophy of the Buddha written by Christopher Gowans and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-11-23 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophy of the Buddha is a philosophical introduction to the teaching of the Buddha. It carefully guides readers through the basic ideas and practices of the Buddha, including kamma (karma), rebirth, the not-self doctrine, the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path, ethics, meditation, non-attachment, and Nibbâna (Nirvana). The book includes an account of the life of the Buddha as well as comparisons of his teaching with practical and theoretical aspects of some Western philosophical outlooks, both ancient and modern. Most distinctively, Philosophy of the Buddha explores how Buddhist enlightenment could enable us to overcome suffering in our lives and reach our full potential for compassion and tranquillity. This is one of the first books to introduce the philosophy of the Buddha to students of Western philosophy. Christopher W. Gowans' style is exceptionally clear and appropriate for anyone looking for a comprehensive introduction to this growing area of interest.

Pleasure and the Good Life

Author : Fred Feldman
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 019926516X
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Pleasure and the Good Life by : Fred Feldman

Download or read book Pleasure and the Good Life written by Fred Feldman and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since ancient times, hedonism has been one of the most attractive and controversial theories. In this text, the author presents a careful, modern formulation of hedonism, defending the theory against some of the most important objections.

Man and Nature

Author : Council for Research in Values and Philosophy
Publisher : CRVP
ISBN 13 : 9780819174130
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (741 download)

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Book Synopsis Man and Nature by : Council for Research in Values and Philosophy

Download or read book Man and Nature written by Council for Research in Values and Philosophy and published by CRVP. This book was released on 1989 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Self, No Self?

Author : Mark Siderits
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191668303
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Self, No Self? by : Mark Siderits

Download or read book Self, No Self? written by Mark Siderits and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature and reality of self is a subject of increasing prominence among Western philosophers of mind and cognitive scientists. It has also been central to Indian and Tibetan philosophical traditions for over two thousand years. It is time to bring the rich resources of these traditions into the contemporary debate about the nature of self. This volume is the first of its kind. Leading philosophical scholars of the Indian and Tibetan traditions join with leading Western philosophers of mind and phenomenologists to explore issues about consciousness and selfhood from these multiple perspectives. Self, No Self? is not a collection of historical or comparative essays. It takes problem-solving and conceptual and phenomenological analysis as central to philosophy. The essays mobilize the argumentative resources of diverse philosophical traditions to address issues about the self in the context of contemporary philosophy and cognitive science. Self, No Self? will be essential reading for philosophers and cognitive scientists interested in the nature of the self and consciousness, and will offer a valuable way into the subject for students.

The Path

Author : Michael Puett
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1476777837
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (767 download)

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Book Synopsis The Path by : Michael Puett

Download or read book The Path written by Michael Puett and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2016-04-05 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time an award-winning Harvard professor shares the lessons from his wildly popular course on classical Chinese philosophy, showing you how these ancient ideas can guide you on the path to a good life today. The lessons taught by ancient Chinese philosophers surprisingly still apply, and they challenge our fundamental assumptions about how to lead a fulfilled, happy, and successful life. Self-discovery, it turns out, comes through looking outward, not inward. Power comes from holding back. Good relationships come from small gestures. Spontaneity comes from practice. And excellence comes from what you choose to do, not your “natural” abilities. Counterintuitive. Countercultural. Even revolutionary. These powerful ideas have made Professor Michael Puett's course the third most popular at Harvard University in recent years, with enrollment surging every year since it was first offered in 2006. It's clear students are drawn by a bold promise Professor Puett makes on the first day of class: “These ideas will change your life.” Now he offers his course to the world.

Ways of Thinking of Eastern Peoples

Author : Hajime Nakamura
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824800789
Total Pages : 740 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Ways of Thinking of Eastern Peoples by : Hajime Nakamura

Download or read book Ways of Thinking of Eastern Peoples written by Hajime Nakamura and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1981-05-01 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "There is hardly any book equal to Ways of Thinking of Eastern Peoples in terms of its thorough and systematic presentation of the intricate thought patterns of Asian peoples. The book not only is an essential reference for the student of Asian culture, but also for students of philosophy, religion, anthropology, and art, as it is an excellent source for aiding the student in gaining a deeper understanding of each facet of Oriental thought." --Isshi Yamada, Northwestern University "The clearest discussion and analysis of these complex subjects that I have found. My advanced undergraduate students find this work to be 'stimulating', 'challenging' and comprehensible.' The organization of the text enhances the usefulness of this volume, but it is the high quality of the scholarship that makes Ways of Thinking a most valuable addition to Asian studies and to the academic training of upper division students." --Ann B. Radwan, University of North Florida "I find Ways of thinking a most provocative source for exploring with my students certain basic themes in Eastern religion and culture. Used carefully, it is a most stimulating and effective source for tapping Eastern 'ways' at a fundamental level of inquiry." --Wilbur M. Fridell, University of California, Santa Barbara

Buddhist Moral Philosophy

Author : Christopher W. Gowans
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131765935X
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Buddhist Moral Philosophy by : Christopher W. Gowans

Download or read book Buddhist Moral Philosophy written by Christopher W. Gowans and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book of its kind, Buddhist Moral Philosophy: An Introduction introduces the reader to contemporary philosophical interpretations and analyses of Buddhist ethics. It begins with a survey of traditional Buddhist ethical thought and practice, mainly in the Pali Canon and early Mahāyāna schools, and an account of the emergence of Buddhist moral philosophy as a distinct discipline in the modern world. It then examines recent debates about karma, rebirth and nirvana, well-being, normative ethics, moral objectivity, moral psychology, and the issue of freedom, responsibility and determinism. The book also introduces the reader to philosophical discussions of topics in socially engaged Buddhism such as human rights, war and peace, and environmental ethics.

Philosophers of the Warring States: A Sourcebook in Chinese Philosophy

Author :
Publisher : Broadview Press
ISBN 13 : 1460405641
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophers of the Warring States: A Sourcebook in Chinese Philosophy by :

Download or read book Philosophers of the Warring States: A Sourcebook in Chinese Philosophy written by and published by Broadview Press. This book was released on 2018-11-30 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers of the Warring States is an anthology of new translations of essential readings from the classic texts of early Chinese philosophy, informed by the latest scholarship. It includes the Analects of Confucius, Meng Zi (Mencius), Xun Zi, Mo Zi, Lao Zi (Dao De Jing), Zhuang Zi, and Han Fei Zi, as well as short chapters on the Da Xue and the Zhong Yong. Pedagogically organized, this book offers philosophically sophisticated annotations and commentaries as well as an extensive glossary explaining key philosophical concepts in detail. The translations aim to be true to the originals yet accessible, with the goal of opening up these rich and subtle philosophical texts to modern readers without prior training in Chinese thought.