Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Bridges for Retrofitting and New Design

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Bridges for Retrofitting and New Design by : Pedram Farokh

Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Bridges for Retrofitting and New Design written by Pedram Farokh and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many bridges in North Eastern region of U.S. were designed prior to the adoption of the AASHTO LRFD Guide Specifications for seismic design and may be vulnerable to damage during an earthquake event. This study evaluates the seismic vulnerabilities of those bridges and the structural factors that could affect their performance during a seismic event. The effects of load demands and age deteriorations were also studied. Aging of certain bridge components such as bearings, columns, and bent caps can affect the capacity and demands of these components and accordingly might affect the global behavior and capacity of a bridge during an earthquake event. The concept of fragility curves was studied as a potential tool for evaluating the seismic performance of new bridges, existing bridges and retrofitted bridges for various bridge types subjected to different peak ground acceleration levels. Fragility curves represent the probability of a structure to experience damage levels higher than specific damage state at different peak ground acceleration. Possible retrofit measures for various bridge components were reviewed, and analyzed for their effectiveness. These include superstructure restrainers, stoppers, shear keys, isolation bearings, bent cap strengthening and column jacketing. Existing research shows that the concept of fragility curves can be used to identify bridge vulnerability and level of damage. They can also be used to identify performance and level of damage of various retrofit measures. The effect of aging of certain components such as stiffening and locking of bearings and corrosion of confining steel in columns need to be included when evaluating bridge load demands and capacities. Different types of concrete bridges (typical in North Eastern United States) were analyzed using elastic response spectrum and nonlinear push-over analysis for low, medium-to-high, and high seismicity levels. The effects of pier configuration, continuity between the superstructure and the substructure, and the number of spans were investigated. Analysis results showed that in the longitudinal direction, the displacement demand increased for multi-column bents compared to single-column bents. However, the overall D/C ratio dropped in both transverse and longitudinal directions. The results also showed that in the longitudinal direction the benefit of having multi-column bent over single-column bents in integral bridges is dependent on the seismicity levels. The D/C (demand/capacity) ratio for single column bents in the longitudinal direction was much lower for integral (monolithic) bents compared to non-integral bents. In the transverse directions, the difference in the D/C ratio was not significant. For multi-column bents, the percent change by having integral bents over non-integral bents was dependent on the seismicity levels. For high seismicity zones, the benefits of having Integral bents becomes more significant. This investigation presents guidance on incorporating the effects of aging and retrofitting in the finite element modeling of bridges subjected to various levels of earthquake ground motions.

Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471579984
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (799 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges by : M. J. N. Priestley

Download or read book Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges written by M. J. N. Priestley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-12 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of their structural simplicity, bridges tend to beparticularly vulnerable to damage and even collapse when subjectedto earthquakes or other forms of seismic activity. Recentearthquakes, such as the ones in Kobe, Japan, and Oakland,California, have led to a heightened awareness of seismic risk andhave revolutionized bridge design and retrofit philosophies. In Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges, three of the world's topauthorities on the subject have collaborated to produce the mostexhaustive reference on seismic bridge design currently available.Following a detailed examination of the seismic effects of actualearthquakes on local area bridges, the authors demonstrate designstrategies that will make these and similar structures optimallyresistant to the damaging effects of future seismicdisturbances. Relying heavily on worldwide research associated with recentquakes, Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges begins with anin-depth treatment of seismic design philosophy as it applies tobridges. The authors then describe the various geotechnicalconsiderations specific to bridge design, such as soil-structureinteraction and traveling wave effects. Subsequent chapters coverconceptual and actual design of various bridge superstructures, andmodeling and analysis of these structures. As the basis for their design strategies, the authors' focus is onthe widely accepted capacity design approach, in which particularlyvulnerable locations of potentially inelastic flexural deformationare identified and strengthened to accommodate a greater degree ofstress. The text illustrates how accurate application of thecapacity design philosophy to the design of new bridges results instructures that can be expected to survive most earthquakes withonly minor, repairable damage. Because the majority of today's bridges were built before thecapacity design approach was understood, the authors also devoteseveral chapters to the seismic assessment of existing bridges,with the aim of designing and implementing retrofit measures toprotect them against the damaging effects of future earthquakes.These retrofitting techniques, though not considered appropriate inthe design of new bridges, are given considerable emphasis, sincethey currently offer the best solution for the preservation ofthese vital and often historically valued thoroughfares. Practical and applications-oriented, Seismic Design and Retrofit ofBridges is enhanced with over 300 photos and line drawings toillustrate key concepts and detailed design procedures. As the onlytext currently available on the vital topic of seismic bridgedesign, it provides an indispensable reference for civil,structural, and geotechnical engineers, as well as students inrelated engineering courses. A state-of-the-art text on earthquake-proof design and retrofit ofbridges Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges fills the urgent need for acomprehensive and up-to-date text on seismic-ally resistant bridgedesign. The authors, all recognized leaders in the field,systematically cover all aspects of bridge design related toseismic resistance for both new and existing bridges. * A complete overview of current design philosophy for bridges,with related seismic and geotechnical considerations * Coverage of conceptual design constraints and their relationshipto current design alternatives * Modeling and analysis of bridge structures * An exhaustive look at common building materials and theirresponse to seismic activity * A hands-on approach to the capacity design process * Use of isolation and dissipation devices in bridge design * Important coverage of seismic assessment and retrofit design ofexisting bridges

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Retrofit Recommendations for State Highway Bridges

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (537 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Retrofit Recommendations for State Highway Bridges by :

Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Retrofit Recommendations for State Highway Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of Utah's population dwells in a seismically active region, and many of the bridges connecting transportation lifelines predate the rigorous seismic design standards that have been developed in the past 10-20 years. Other states in the west have instituted seismic retrofit programs in response to damage to transportation networks in past California earthquakes. In a parallel report, seismic retrofit guidelines were developed for Utah based on the Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures published by FHWA. In this report, representative case study bridges are evaluated in detail using the guidelines. The case study evaluations include the following for each bridge: (1) selection and presentation of analysis method, (2) development of numerical model in LARSA 4D and/or additional programs as needed, (3) evaluation of the seismic response of the unretrofitted bridge, (4) design of a possible retrofit scheme. The bridges evaluated include a four-span simply supported prestressed concrete girder bridge, a four-span continuous concrete T-beam, and an eight-span curved steel girder bridge with in-span pin and hanger joints. A variety of different evaluation methods are presented including linear response spectrum analysis for demand assessment, capacity spectrum method and pushover analysis for capacity assessment, and nonlinear response history analysis. A variety of retrofit techniques are presented including column jacketing, cable restrainers, selectively closing pin and hanger joints, and seismic isolation. The varied examples and techniques presented in this report are meant to be representative of assessment and applicable retrofit approaches for many of the bridges in the state inventory that may be seismically deficient.

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Retrofitted Bridges Using Probabilistic Methods

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780549008798
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Retrofitted Bridges Using Probabilistic Methods by : Jamie Ellen Padgett

Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Retrofitted Bridges Using Probabilistic Methods written by Jamie Ellen Padgett and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an urgent need for the development of fragility curves for retrofitted bridges, particularly for the CSUS. These fragility curves are conditional probability statements of potential levels of damage over a range of earthquake intensities. The development of reliable retrofitted bridge fragility curves would allow for assessment of the effects of various retrofit measures on the performance of different CSUS bridge types. Therefore, a primary objective of this work is to develop a methodology for fragility assessment of bridge retrofit, in order to support seismic risk mitigation efforts in the region.

Design Guidelines for Assessment Retrofit and Repair of Bridges for Seismic Performance

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Design Guidelines for Assessment Retrofit and Repair of Bridges for Seismic Performance by : M. J. N Priestley

Download or read book Design Guidelines for Assessment Retrofit and Repair of Bridges for Seismic Performance written by M. J. N Priestley and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Seismic Bridge Design and Retrofit -- Structural Solutions

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Author :
Publisher : FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton
ISBN 13 : 2883940797
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (839 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Bridge Design and Retrofit -- Structural Solutions by : fib Fédération internationale du béton. Task Group: Seismic design and assessment procedures for bridges

Download or read book Seismic Bridge Design and Retrofit -- Structural Solutions written by fib Fédération internationale du béton. Task Group: Seismic design and assessment procedures for bridges and published by FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton. This book was released on 2007 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridge structures can give the impression that they are rather simple structural systems, whose seismic responses can be easily predicted. On the contrary, however, many bridges did not perform well in recent earthquakes, showing a need for increased research to understand various potential problems and collapse mechanisms. Indeed, progress has been made lately in design and assessment procedures around the world, and consequently many practices have changed. In this context, the objective of fib Bulletin 39 is to present, discuss and critically compare structural solutions for bridge seismic design and retrofit that have been developed and are now used all over the world, ten years after the publication of the last comprehensive manual on the subject. It is the result of the work of an international team of experts that collaborated intensively for over three years. The first four chapters of the Bulletin present a regional review of design choices, compare and discuss international design practices, and indicate their relative merits and potential problems. Current developments are treated in the next three chapters, with particular emphasis on design for enhanced damage control, for spatial variation of ground motion and for fault crossing. The last part presents a summary of current issues related to existing bridges. Extensive technical developments have been taking place in the last two decades with the goal of making bridges an important transportation infrastructure with limited damage during earthquakes. Realising this goal depends on regional seismicity, transportation systems, seismic performance goals, local cultures, and a wide range of design and construction practices, which are presented and discussed in this Bulletin.

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Conceptual Retrofit of the Carquinez Bridges

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Conceptual Retrofit of the Carquinez Bridges by : Michael Rojansky

Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Conceptual Retrofit of the Carquinez Bridges written by Michael Rojansky and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Seismic Vulnerability and Retrofit Recommendations for State Highway Bridges

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability and Retrofit Recommendations for State Highway Bridges by : Abdollah Shafieezadeh

Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability and Retrofit Recommendations for State Highway Bridges written by Abdollah Shafieezadeh and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of Utah's population dwells in a seismically active region, and many of the bridges connecting transportation lifelines predate the rigorous seismic design standards that have been developed in the past 10-20 years. Other states in the west have instituted seismic retrofit programs in response to damage to transportation networks in past California earthquakes. In a parallel report, seismic retrofit guidelines were developed for Utah based on the Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures published by FHWA. In this report, representative case study bridges are evaluated in detail using the guidelines. The case study evaluations include the following for each bridge: 1- selection and presentation of analysis method, 2- development of numerical model in LARSA 4D and/or additional programs as needed, 3- evaluation of the seismic response of the unretrofitted bridge, 4- design of a possible retrofit scheme. The bridges evaluated include a four-span simply supported prestressed concrete girder bridge, a four-span continuous concrete T-beam, and an eight-span curved steel girder bridge with in-span pin and hanger joints.

Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439837759
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges by : Jeffrey Ger

Download or read book Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges written by Jeffrey Ger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinear static monotonic (pushover) analysis has become a common practice in performance-based bridge seismic design. The popularity of pushover analysis is due to its ability to identify the failure modes and the design limit states of bridge piers and to provide the progressive collapse sequence of damaged bridges when subjected to major earthq

Earthquake-Resistant Structures

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Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0080949444
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Earthquake-Resistant Structures by : Mohiuddin Ali Khan

Download or read book Earthquake-Resistant Structures written by Mohiuddin Ali Khan and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-03-18 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake engineering is the ultimate challenge for structural engineers. Even if natural phenomena involve great uncertainties, structural engineers need to design buildings, bridges, and dams capable of resisting the destructive forces produced by them. These disasters have created a new awareness about the disaster preparedness and mitigation. Before a building, utility system, or transportation structure is built, engineers spend a great deal of time analyzing those structures to make sure they will perform reliably under seismic and other loads. The purpose of this book is to provide structural engineers with tools and information to improve current building and bridge design and construction practices and enhance their sustainability during and after seismic events. In this book, Khan explains the latest theory, design applications and Code Provisions. Earthquake-Resistant Structures features seismic design and retrofitting techniques for low and high raise buildings, single and multi-span bridges, dams and nuclear facilities. The author also compares and contrasts various seismic resistant techniques in USA, Russia, Japan, Turkey, India, China, New Zealand, and Pakistan. Written by a world renowned author and educator Seismic design and retrofitting techniques for all structures Tools improve current building and bridge designs Latest methods for building earthquake-resistant structures Combines physical and geophysical science with structural engineering

SR 99/560 Aurora Avenue Bridge

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (418 download)

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Book Synopsis SR 99/560 Aurora Avenue Bridge by : Washington (State). Department of Transportation

Download or read book SR 99/560 Aurora Avenue Bridge written by Washington (State). Department of Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400739435
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges by : Andreas J Kappos

Download or read book Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges written by Andreas J Kappos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-17 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the use of inelastic analysis methods for the seismic assessment and design of bridges, for which the work carried out so far, albeit interesting and useful, is nevertheless clearly less than that for buildings. Although some valuable literature on the subject is currently available, the most advanced inelastic analysis methods that emerged during the last decade are currently found only in the specialised research-oriented literature, such as technical journals and conference proceedings. Hence the key objective of this book is two-fold, first to present all important methods belonging to the aforementioned category in a uniform and sufficient for their understanding and implementation length, and to provide also a critical perspective on them by including selected case-studies wherein more than one methods are applied to a specific bridge and by offering some critical comments on the limitations of the individual methods and on their relative efficiency. The book should be a valuable tool for both researchers and practicing engineers dealing with seismic design and assessment of bridges, by both making the methods and the analytical tools available for their implementation, and by assisting them to select the method that best suits the individual bridge projects that each engineer and/or researcher faces.

Seismic Retrofit Measures for Highway Bridges: Robinson, R.R., Longinow, A., Chu, K.H. Earthquake and structural analysis

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Retrofit Measures for Highway Bridges: Robinson, R.R., Longinow, A., Chu, K.H. Earthquake and structural analysis by :

Download or read book Seismic Retrofit Measures for Highway Bridges: Robinson, R.R., Longinow, A., Chu, K.H. Earthquake and structural analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objectives of the report are to (1) provide current information on the theory and techniques for seismic analysis of highway bridges, including background material on basic structural dynamics, (2) identify the appropriate criteria necessary to decide if a bridge needs retrofitting and the type of retrofit measures to employ, and (3) demonstrate design details and installation specifications for retrofitting existing highway bridges to minimize earthquake damage. This report is in two volumes: Vol 1 "Earthquake and Structrural Analysis" Vol. 2 "Design Manual". Volume two is a design manual and contains illustrations of various retrofit concepts and specific design procedures which can be applied to existing bridges.

Bridge Engineering Handbook, Second Edition

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439852189
Total Pages : 742 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Bridge Engineering Handbook, Second Edition by : Wai-Fah Chen

Download or read book Bridge Engineering Handbook, Second Edition written by Wai-Fah Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-01-24 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 140 experts, 14 countries, and 89 chapters are represented in the second edition of the Bridge Engineering Handbook. This extensive collection highlights bridge engineering specimens from around the world, contains detailed information on bridge engineering, and thoroughly explains the concepts and practical applications surrounding the subject. Published in five books: Fundamentals, Superstructure Design, Substructure Design, Seismic Design, and Construction and Maintenance, this new edition provides numerous worked-out examples that give readers step-by-step design procedures, includes contributions by leading experts from around the world in their respective areas of bridge engineering, contains 26 completely new chapters, and updates most other chapters. It offers design concepts, specifications, and practice, as well as the various types of bridges. The text includes over 2,500 tables, charts, illustrations, and photos. The book covers new, innovative and traditional methods and practices; explores rehabilitation, retrofit, and maintenance; and examines seismic design and building materials. The fourth book, Seismic Design contains 18 chapters, and covers seismic bridge analysis and design. What’s New in the Second Edition: Includes seven new chapters: Seismic Random Response Analysis, Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Bridges, Seismic Design of Thin-Walled Steel and CFT Piers, Seismic Design of Cable-Supported Bridges, and three chapters covering Seismic Design Practice in California, China, and Italy Combines Seismic Retrofit Practice and Seismic Retrofit Technology into one chapter called Seismic Retrofit Technology Rewrites Earthquake Damage to Bridges and Seismic Design of Concrete Bridges chapters Rewrites Seismic Design Philosophies and Performance-Based Design Criteria chapter and retitles it as Seismic Bridge Design Specifications for the United States Revamps Seismic Isolation and Supplemental Energy Dissipation chapter and retitles it as Seismic Isolation Design for Bridges This text is an ideal reference for practicing bridge engineers and consultants (design, construction, maintenance), and can also be used as a reference for students in bridge engineering courses.

Quantifying the Seismic Vulnerability of Bridges in Low to Moderate Seismicity Regions

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantifying the Seismic Vulnerability of Bridges in Low to Moderate Seismicity Regions by : John Edward Lens

Download or read book Quantifying the Seismic Vulnerability of Bridges in Low to Moderate Seismicity Regions written by John Edward Lens and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Congressional Research Service issued a report for Congress in May 2016, entitled "Earthquake Risk and U.S. Highway Infrastructure: Frequently Asked Questions" which highlighted the absence of a national database on the status of seismic vulnerability of bridges or other infrastructure, and thus no estimate of costs to retrofit vulnerable bridges. Low to moderate seismicity regions exist in each of the continental United States, with over 30 states having mostly or entirely low-to-moderate seismicity. Resources at state transportation agencies and municipalities are focused on higher seismicity regions, creating a gap in quantifying the system-wide seismic vulnerability despite an overall aging bridge inventory, much of which was built before current seismic design standards. This research addressed this data gap and reduces barriers to quantifying seismic vulnerability of existing bridges in low-to-moderate seismicity regions. The work included nonlinear dynamic numerical modeling of typical multiple span bridge configurations in both pristine and deteriorated conditions, by subjecting them to seventy ground motions across four low-to-moderate seismic hazard levels, to evaluate their seismic performance. These typical bridge configurations represent over 160,000 bridges, which comprise 55% of the multiple span bridges nationwide. The research results indicate that there is an overall low probability of significant seismic damage to these typical bridges in such regions. The results also show that current seismic hazard thresholds used for the design of new bridges, and for retrofit of existing bridges, which provide the basis for exempting some bridges from specific seismic analysis and design, can underestimate the expected seismic forces. Those results can be used to refine those exemption thresholds to provide appropriate protection against potential seismic damage in those cases. The study results also formed the basis for a system-wide rapid seismic vulnerability screening algorithm developed for the Vermont bridge inventory, which is applicable to other states with low to moderate seismicity regions.

Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Existing Multi-column Bent Bridges

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Existing Multi-column Bent Bridges by : Cole C. McDaniel

Download or read book Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Existing Multi-column Bent Bridges written by Cole C. McDaniel and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this research was to assess the seismic vulnerability of typical pre-1975 WSDOT prestressed concrete multi-column bent bridges. Additional objectives included determining the influence of soil-structure-interaction on the bridge assessment and evaluating the effects of non-traditional retrofit schemes on the global response of the bridges. Overall this research highlighted the vulnerability of non-monolithic bridge decks and shear-dominating bridge columns in pre-1975 WSDOT prestressed concrete multi-column bent bridges as well as the importance of including soil-structure-interaction, calibrating the force/displacement characterization of the columns to experimental test data and detailed modeling of the bridges such as expansion joint/girder interaction. In the end, the seismic assessment of bridges is a cost/efficiency issue. Each bridge is different, therefore, investing in improved analyses up front will enable an efficient use of the limited funds for bridge improvement, resulting in a significant savings overall.

Guide Specifications for Seismic Isolation Design

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Publisher : AASHTO
ISBN 13 : 1560514566
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide Specifications for Seismic Isolation Design by :

Download or read book Guide Specifications for Seismic Isolation Design written by and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2010 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition is based on the work of NCHRP project 20-7, task 262 and updates the 2nd (1999) edition -- P. ix.