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Secondary Waste Form Screening Test Results
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Book Synopsis Secondary Waste Form Screening Test Results by :
Download or read book Secondary Waste Form Screening Test Results written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Screening tests are being conducted to evaluate waste forms for immobilizing secondary liquid wastes from the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). Plans are underway to add a stabilization treatment unit to the Effluent Treatment Facility to provide the needed capacity for treating these wastes from WTP. The current baseline is to use a Cast Stone cementitious waste form to solidify the wastes. Through a literature survey, DuraLith alkali-aluminosilicate geopolymer, fluidized-bed steam reformation (FBSR) granular product encapsulated in a geopolymer matrix, and a Ceramicrete phosphate-bonded ceramic were identified both as candidate waste forms and alternatives to the baseline. These waste forms have been shown to meet waste disposal acceptance criteria, including compressive strength and universal treatment standards for Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) metals (as measured by the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure [TCLP]). Thus, these non-cementitious waste forms should also be acceptable for land disposal. Information is needed on all four waste forms with respect to their capability to minimize the release of technetium. Technetium is a radionuclide predicted to be in the secondary liquid wastes in small quantities, but the Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF) risk assessment analyses show that technetium, even at low mass, produces the largest contribution to the estimated IDF disposal impacts to groundwater.
Book Synopsis Secondary Waste Form Screening Test Results--Cast Stone and Alkali Alumino-Silicate Geopolymer by :
Download or read book Secondary Waste Form Screening Test Results--Cast Stone and Alkali Alumino-Silicate Geopolymer written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PNNL is conducting screening tests on the candidate waste forms to provide a basis for comparison and to resolve the formulation and data needs identified in the literature review. This report documents the screening test results on the Cast Stone cementitious waste form and the Geopolymer waste form. Test results suggest that both the Cast Stone and Geopolymer appear to be viable waste forms for the solidification of the secondary liquid wastes to be treated in the ETF. The diffusivity for technetium from the Cast Stone monoliths was in the range of 1.2 x 10-11 to 2.3 x 10-13 cm2/s during the 63 days of testing. The diffusivity for technetium from the Geopolymer was in the range of 1.7 x 10-10 to 3.8 x 10-12 cm2/s through the 63 days of the test. These values compare with a target of 1 x 10-9 cm2/s or less. The Geopolymer continues to show some fabrication issues with the diffusivities ranging from 1.7 x 10-10 to 3.8 x 10-12 cm2/s for the better-performing batch to from 1.2 x 10-9 to 1.8 x 10-11 cm2/s for the poorer-performing batch. In the future more comprehensive and longer term performance testing will be conducted, to further evaluate whether or not these waste forms will meet the regulation and performance criteria needed to cost-effectively dispose of secondary wastes.
Book Synopsis Alkali Activated Materials by : John L. Provis
Download or read book Alkali Activated Materials written by John L. Provis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a State of the Art Report resulting from the work of RILEM Technical Committee 224-AAM in the period 2007-2013. The Report summarises research to date in the area of alkali-activated binders and concretes, with a particular focus on the following areas: binder design and characterisation, durability testing, commercialisation, standardisation, and providing a historical context for this rapidly-growing research field.
Book Synopsis Advances in Materials Science for Environmental and Energy Technologies II by : Josef Matyáš
Download or read book Advances in Materials Science for Environmental and Energy Technologies II written by Josef Matyáš and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-08-12 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings contains a collection of 24 papers from five 2012Materials Science and Technology (MS&T’12)symposia. Green Technologies for Materials Manufacturing and ProcessingIII Materials Development for Nuclear Applications and ExtremeEnvironments Materials Issues in Nuclear Waste Management in the21st Century Energy Conversion – Photovoltaic, Concentrating SolarPower, and Thermoelectric Energy Storage: Materials, Systems and Applications
Book Synopsis Hanford Site Secondary Waste Roadmap by :
Download or read book Hanford Site Secondary Waste Roadmap written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is making plans to dispose of 54 million gallons of radioactive tank wastes at the Hanford Site near Richland, Washington. The high-level wastes and low-activity wastes will be vitrified and placed in permanent disposal sites. Processing of the tank wastes will generate secondary wastes, including routine solid wastes and liquid process effluents, and these need to be processed and disposed of also. The Department of Energy Office of Waste Processing sponsored a meeting to develop a roadmap to outline the steps necessary to design the secondary waste forms. Representatives from DOE, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Washington State Department of Ecology, the Oregon Department of Energy, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, technical experts from the DOE national laboratories, academia, and private consultants convened in Richland, Washington, during the week of July 21-23, 2008, to participate in a workshop to identify the risks and uncertainties associated with the treatment and disposal of the secondary wastes and to develop a roadmap for addressing those risks and uncertainties. This report describes the results of the roadmap meeting in Richland. Processing of the tank wastes will generate secondary wastes, including routine solid wastes and liquid process effluents. The secondary waste roadmap workshop focused on the waste streams that contained the largest fractions of the 129I and 99Tc that the Integrated Disposal Facility risk assessment analyses were showing to have the largest contribution to the estimated IDF disposal impacts to groundwater. Thus, the roadmapping effort was to focus on the scrubber/off-gas treatment liquids with 99Tc to be sent to the Effluent Treatment Facility for treatment and solidification and the silver mordenite and carbon beds with the captured 129I to be packaged and sent to the IDF. At the highest level, the secondary waste roadmap includes elements addressing regulatory and performance requirements, waste composition, preliminary waste form screening, waste form development, process design and support, and validation. The regulatory and performance requirements activity will provide the secondary waste-form performance requirements. The waste-composition activity will provide workable ranges of secondary waste compositions and formulations for simulants and surrogates. Preliminary waste form screening will identify candidate waste forms for immobilizing the secondary wastes. The waste form development activity will mature the waste forms, leading to a selected waste form(s) with a defensible understanding of the long-term release rate and input into the critical decision process for a secondary waste treatment process/facility. The process and design support activity will provide a reliable process flowsheet and input to support a robust facility design. The validation effort will confirm that the selected waste form meets regulatory requirements. The final outcome of the implementation of the secondary waste roadmap is the compliant, effective, timely, and cost-effective disposal of the secondary wastes. The work necessary to address the programmatic, regulatory, and technical risks and uncertainties identified through the Secondary Waste Roadmap Workshop are assembled into several program needs elements. Programmatic/Regulatory needs include: Select and deploy Hanford tank waste supplemental treatment technology Provide treatment capability for secondary waste streams from tank waste treatment Develop consensus on secondary waste form acceptance. Technology needs include: Define secondary waste composition ranges and uncertainties Identify and develop waste forms for secondary waste immobilization and disposal Develop test methods to characterize secondary waste form performance. Details for each of these program elements are provided.
Book Synopsis Stabilization and solidification of hazardous, radioactive, and mixed wastes by : T. Michael Gilliam
Download or read book Stabilization and solidification of hazardous, radioactive, and mixed wastes written by T. Michael Gilliam and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solubility Phenomena in The Context of Nuclear Waste Disposal by : Xavier Gaona
Download or read book Solubility Phenomena in The Context of Nuclear Waste Disposal written by Xavier Gaona and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-13 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety concepts regarding nuclear waste disposal in underground repositories generally rely on a combination of engineered and geological barriers that minimize potential radionuclide release out of the containment-providing rock zone and transport through the biosphere. The presence of water, however, may alter the engineered barrier system, dissolve radionuclides, and facilitate radionuclide transport that over time may permeate the biosphere. So while barrier systems aim to prevent or hinder water from contacting the waste, the possible intrusion of aqueous solutions must be considered for several safety case scenarios impacted by the long-term evolution of a repository. Dissolution and solubility phenomena thus arise as important processes controlling the chemical behaviour of radionuclides and other key materials of relevance in the context of such repositories and their safety assessments. The solubility and aqueous speciation of radionuclides is of particular interest as they provide upper limits of water-transportable concentrations of radionuclides. Solubility phenomena of radioactive and other gases in water provide important information on gas transport and pressure build-up. Moreover, solubility assessments offer insight into time-independent constraints on the evolution of the disposal system. Particularly important in this regard is the geochemical modelling of radionuclide behaviour in the engineered barrier system as well as in natural aquatic systems along the transport path of radionuclides to the biosphere. The obtained information provides valuable inputs that appropriately constrain safety analyses of nuclear waste disposal.
Book Synopsis Waste Forms Technology and Performance by : National Research Council
Download or read book Waste Forms Technology and Performance written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-05 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) is responsible for cleaning up radioactive waste and environmental contamination resulting from five decades of nuclear weapons production and testing. A major focus of this program involves the retrieval, processing, and immobilization of waste into stable, solid waste forms for disposal. Waste Forms Technology and Performance, a report requested by DOE-EM, examines requirements for waste form technology and performance in the cleanup program. The report provides information to DOE-EM to support improvements in methods for processing waste and selecting and fabricating waste forms. Waste Forms Technology and Performance places particular emphasis on processing technologies for high-level radioactive waste, DOE's most expensive and arguably most difficult cleanup challenge. The report's key messages are presented in ten findings and one recommendation.
Book Synopsis Strategy and Methodology for Radioactive Waste Characterization by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Strategy and Methodology for Radioactive Waste Characterization written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade significant progress has been achieved in the development of waste characterization and control procedures and equipment as a direct response to ever-increasing requirements for quality and reliability of information on waste characteristics. Failure in control procedures at any step can have important, adverse consequences and may result in producing waste packages which are not compliant with the waste acceptance criteria for disposal, thereby adversely impacting the repository. The information and guidance included in this publication corresponds to recent achievements and reflects the optimum approaches, thereby reducing the potential for error and enhancing the quality of the end product. -- Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Critical Metals from Hardface Alloy Grinding Waste by : L. D. Redden
Download or read book Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Critical Metals from Hardface Alloy Grinding Waste written by L. D. Redden and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Various Adsorbents and Coagulants for Waste-water Renovation by : Ionac Chemical Company
Download or read book Evaluation of Various Adsorbents and Coagulants for Waste-water Renovation written by Ionac Chemical Company and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Department of Energy. Environmental Restoration Conference Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :980 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Remediation '91 by : United States. Department of Energy. Environmental Restoration Conference
Download or read book Environmental Remediation '91 written by United States. Department of Energy. Environmental Restoration Conference and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis ASTM Special Technical Publication by :
Download or read book ASTM Special Technical Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nuclear Decommissioning Case Studies: Organization and Management, Economics, and Staying in Business by : Michele Laraia
Download or read book Nuclear Decommissioning Case Studies: Organization and Management, Economics, and Staying in Business written by Michele Laraia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-01-11 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Decommissioning Case Studies: Organization and Management, Economics, and Staying in Business is the fifth volume in Michele Laraia's series, which presents a selection of global case studies on different aspects of nuclear decommissioning. This volume focuses on organization, economics and performance experience, offering the reader guidance on project management, staffing, costs and funding, and training. It guides those responsible for the planning and implementation of nuclear decommissioning to ensure thorough and reliable applications. Decommissioning experts, including regulators, operating organizations, waste managers, researchers, and academics will find this book to be suitable supplementary material to reference works on the theory and applications of nuclear decommissioning. Readers will obtain an understanding of many key case studies, including what happened and what they can learn from the events quoted, to help supplement, solidify, and strengthen their understanding of the topic. - Presents a selection of global case studies which focus on organization, economics and performance of nuclear decommissioning in relation to project and industry sustainability, with a focus on management, funding, and training aspects - Includes 100+ case studies on project management, costs and funding, and teaching and learning - Based on experience and lessons learned, assists the reader in developing and implementing decommissioning plans while ensuring the availability of technical, financial, and human resources at all times
Author :United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Catalogue of Hazardous and Solid Waste Publications by : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
Download or read book Catalogue of Hazardous and Solid Waste Publications written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report of Investigations written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Issues and Waste Management Technologies in the Ceramic and Nuclear Industries VII by : Gary L. Smith
Download or read book Environmental Issues and Waste Management Technologies in the Ceramic and Nuclear Industries VII written by Gary L. Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-28 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composed from two symposia conducted at the 2001 Annual Meeting of The American Ceramic Society, this new volume details the advances in the state of knowledge in nuclear and waste materials science and technology. Highlighted are areas of rapid change such as in the application, development, and testing of ceramics and glasses in the nuclear and waste industries. As companies begin to focus on ¿green ceramics¿ and the manufacturing of environmentally friendly products, the development of innovative processing approaches and novel environmental treatment technologies soon follows. These are being developed to address more stringent regulations and to obtain an improved scientific understanding of the industrial processes and treatment technologies. This seventh volume in the series addresses current nuclear and environmental problems and provides solutions for them. It is an excellent resource for researchers and scientists involved in the ceramic and nuclear industries. roceedings of the symposium held at the 103rd Annual Meeting of The American Ceramic Society, April 22-25, 2001, in Indiana; Ceramic Transactions, Volume 132.
